ￚcapably adverb
compatible adjective
1 if two pieces of computer equipment are compatible, they can be used together, especially when they are made by different companies能相容的
The new software is IBM compatible (=can be used with IBM computers). 这个新软件可以和IBM的电脑相兼容。
2 able to exist or be used together without causing problems能共存的
compatible with
Stephen’s political views often weren’t compatible with her own. 施蒂芬的政治观点经常和她的相左。
3 two people that are compatible are able to have a good relationship because they have similar opinions or interests能共处的
--- compatibility n.
in-house adjective, adverb working within a company or organization 在公司内举办的
We have an in-house training unit. 我们有一个公司内部培训部门。
attribute verb归因于，归咎于
attribute something to somebody/something phrasal verb
1 to believe or say that a situation or event is caused by something
The fall in the number of deaths from heart disease is generally attributed to improvements in diet. 心脏病死亡人数的下降通常是由于饮食的改善。
attribute noun [countable] a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or useful 好特点，好特性
What attributes should a good manager possess? 一个好经理应该具备什么样的品质?
screen verb [transitive]
▶TEST FOR ILLNESS◀
to do tests on a lot of people to find out whether they have a particular illness 身体检查
All women over 50 will be regularly screened. 所有50岁以上的妇女都应该定期检查。
screen somebody for something
It is now possible to screen babies for diabetes. 目前可以为婴儿做糖尿病的检查。
▶HIDE SOMETHING◀遮挡;掩蔽
if something screens something else, it is in front of it and hides it
screen something from something
A line of trees screened the house from the road. 一排树将这座房子从马路上遮蔽起来。
▶FILM/TELEVISION◀
to show a film or television programme 放映
The film is now being screened at cinemas around the country. 这部电影目前正在全国各影院放映。
The match will be screened live on television. 这场比赛将在电视上直播。
▶TEST EMPLOYEES ETC◀
to find out information about people in order to decide whether you can trust them 甄别，鉴别;选拔
Police are very careful when screening politicians’ bodyguards. 警方在挑选政治家的保镖时非常认真。
Applicants are screened for security. 出于安全角度，他们对申请者详细了解情况。
▶CHECK THINGS◀
to check things to see whether they are acceptable or suitable 检查
You can use an answerphone to screen your phone calls before you answer them. 你可以用电话答录机在接听电话之前来检查这些来电。
2.
(1) to explain how they saw their roles.
(2) Leaders had different perceptions of their roles.
(3) To communicate the most appropriate approach to a series of key tasks.
(4) Skills can be developed; attributes (i.e. the qualities people are born with) cannot.
(5) It can set up assessment centers to screen applicants and team leaders.
· Report / Proposal format and its terminology.
Format.
Date:
Report/ Proposal on….
Introduction
Findings
Conclusion(s)
Recommendations
Your name
Your position (if available)
Date:Report/ Proposal on….IntroductionFindingsConclusion(s)RecommendationsYour nameYour position (if available)
There is some fixed terminology in the report writing.
l Introduction
The report/proposal aims/set out to….
The aim / purpose of this report/proposal is to…
The report is based on….
l Findings
It was found that…
The disparity clearly showed …
The following points summarise our key findings.
The key findings are outlined below.
l Conclusions
It was decided/agreed/felt that…
It is clear that….
No conclusions were reached regarding….
l Recommendations
It is suggested/proposed/recommended that ….
We (strongly) recommend that…
It is essential to
It would be advisable to
l Adding ideas
Furthermore/ Moreover/ In addition,
l Contrasting ideas
However, …
Although …, ……
Despite/ In spite of…
…while / whereas…
l Making comparisons
Both…/ Neither…
Like/Unlike…, ……..
l Linking cause and effect
Because of/ as a result of/ due to/owing to…
This means…
…leads to./ results in…
Ex. 3 on page 13.
Write passive voice sentences in a report.
1. ‘There’s a lack of communication in Sales.’
(it/feel) It was felt that there was a lack of communication in Sales.
2. ‘Let’s organise some training for our team leaders.’
(it/ suggest) It was suggested that some training should be/be organised for our team leaders.
3. ‘We’re going to bring in a consultant.’
(it/decide) It was decided that a consultant should be brought in/be brought in/ to bring in a consultant.
4. ‘It seems team leaders’ roles aren’t clear enough.’
(it/find) It was found that team leaders’ roles are not/were not clear enough.
5. ‘OK, we’ll start implementing Workset next month.’
(it/agree) It was agreed that we should start/ we start implementing Workset the following month.
6. ‘Ekstrom needs to set up new assessment centres.’
(we/recommend) We recommend that Ekstrom should set up/sets up/set up new assessment centres.
Demonstration A
P 67
Problems:
The candidate fulfils the task but not very clearly. Although he/she adheres to the word limit and recommends how to spend the profits and outlines the benefits, as required, there is no clear organisation of ideas in paragraphs. This makes the writer’s ideas difficult to follow. In addition, typical elements of report writing are lacking, such as headings, bullets and standard report writing phrases.
Main points
Supporting ideas
Computers are not necessary.Employees already have new computers. The existing computers are fast enough for employees’ routine work.
Language training is a good idea.It would help the company increase export sales to Spain and France.
Staff would enjoy the lessons and feel the company is investing in them.
It would be good for motivation.
Special bonus payments are not recommended.They would be good for motivation but do not invest in the company.
Staff would expect more bonuses in the future.
There is the question of who you give the bonuses to .
Main points Supporting ideas
Computers are not necessary. Employees already have new computers. The existing computers are fast enough for employees’ routine work.
Language training is a good idea. It would help the company increase export sales to Spain and France.Staff would enjoy the lessons and feel the company is investing in them.It would be good for motivation.
Special bonus payments are not recommended. They would be good for motivation but do not invest in the company.Staff would expect more bonuses in the future.There is the question of who you give the bonuses to .
Altered Version
Introduction
This report sets out to examine how the company should re-invest this year’s profits. The areas under consideration are the purchases of new computers, the provision of language training courses and the payment of special bonuses.
Areas under consideration
u New computers
The majority of company computers are quite new and fast enough to handle the work done on them. Consequently, new computers would not be recommended.
u Language training courses
The company aims to increase exports, particularly in Spain and France. Therefore, language training courses would be an excellent idea for those employees who deal with business partners and customers overseas. In addition, training courses would increase motivation: staff would enjoy the lessons and perceive that the company is investing in them. Therefore, language training would be an option.
u Special bonus payments
Although special bonus payments would have a beneficial impact on motivation, they would have no direct effect on the company’s operations. There are also potential problems concerning the selection of staff eligible for the payments and the setting of a precedent for future payments. Therefore, bonus payments would not be advisable.
Recommendations
It is felt that the best solution for both the company and staff would be to invest in language training. It is suggested that the company should organise courses in French and Spanish. Those employees who have contact with partners and customers should be assured of places but other interested members of staff should also be allowed to attend.
provision noun
1[countable usually singular, uncountable] when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future 提供
the provision of childcare facilities 提供照料儿童的设备
provision for people with disabilities 为残障人士提供的便利条件
He made provisions for his wife and his children in his will. 他在遗嘱中为他的妻子和孩子留下了财产。
2 provisions [plural] food, drink, and other supplies, especially for a journey 出行准备的事物或其他物品
We had enough provisions for two weeks. 我们已经为两周的出行准备了充足的物品。
3 [countable] a condition in an agreement or law 条款
The agreement includes a provision for each side to check the other side’s weapons. 该协议包括双方都必须执行的条款，即双方有权检查另一方的武器。
under the provisions of something
Under the provisions of the Act, employers must supply safety equipment. 根据该项法案，雇主必须提供保障安全的设备。
precedent noun
1 [countable] an action or official decision that can be used to give support to later actions or decisions 以前的判例
a legal precedent 一个法律判例
set/create a precedent
UN involvement in the country’s affairs would set a dangerous precedent. 联合国卷入了这个国家的事务产生了危险的先例。
precedent for
precedents for what courts will accept as ’fair’ 法庭接受为公平的判例
2 [uncountable and countable] something of the same type that has happened or existed before 先例
precedent for
There’s not much precedent for men taking leave when their baby is born. 还没有男士在他们的孩子降生时休假的先例。
without precedent
An epidemic on this scale is without precedent. 像这样大规模爆发的流行病还是史无前例的。
3 [uncountable] the way that things have always been done 老套路，老做法
break with precedent (=do something in a new way) 创新
Practice 1
Ÿ Your company has planned three training courses:
Foreign Language Development:
Changes in Technology:
Management Skills.
Ÿ You have been asked to write a proposal, recommending the course you think would be most useful for people who do the same kind of job as you.
Ÿ Write the proposal, saying which course you have chosen. Explain why you feel it would be the most useful and why the others are not so suitable.
Ÿ Write 200-250 words.
Sample Answer
Date: 30 January 2006
Report on: Company Training Course for Foreign Language Translators
Introduction
This report aims to assess three training courses and recommend one of them as being the most useful for all foreign language translators. The three courses from which a choice may be made are: English Language Development, Changes in Technology, and Management Skills.
Areas under consideration
English Language Development
All translators in the Company have university degrees in English Language and many colleagues in our field have postgraduate qualifications in Linguistics or Translation. As the Company’s English Language Course is only to Diploma level and contains nothing that will be new to us, it is not suitable for us and is best left to other colleagues.
Changes in Technology
All Company translators completed an excellent “Changes in Technology” courses two months ago, which brought us up to date on use of personal computers and machine-translating. Clearly, we do not need to attend the “Changes in Technology” course again.
Management Skills
The “Management Skills” course is definitely the one for the Company’s translators. It has recently been announced that our department will be divided, next year, into six sections, each of which will serve a specific Division of a much-expanded Company. Thirty new English Language graduates will be recruited as new translators, five to each section. We six existing translators will be promoted as Heads of Section.
Recommendations
All six of us lack management skills and, when we have our own sections, such skills will be absolutely necessary. Therefore, I have no hesitation in recommending that all translators are enrolled for the “Management Skills” training course.
Fan Yi Ling
Translating Coordinator
V. Homework
l Owing to increased business in your department you believe that you need to recruit an additional receptionist and have been asked to write a report explaining why this new post is necessary.
l Write a report
explaining why another receptionist is needed
what duties the person appointed will be expected to perform,
referring to the present receptionist’s duties
qualities the new receptionist should have.
l Write 200-250 words.
