▶DECISIONS◀
[uncountable] the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do首创精神，进取心
I wish my son would show more initiative. 我希望我的儿子可以显示出更多的进取心。
Don’t keep asking me for advice. Use your initiative. 不要总是要我给你提建议，你应该有创新精神。
Lt. Carlos was not obeying orders. He acted on his own initiative (=he was not told what to do). … 没有听从命令，他按照自己的想法在做。
▶PLAN◀
[countable] an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem 一个重要的新计划
a government initiative to help exporters政府针对帮助出口商的新举措
an education initiative 教育计划
initiative for
a new initiative for peace in the Middle East 中东地区和平的新提议
▶CONTROL◀
the initiative
if you have or take the initiative, you are in a position to control a situation and decide what to do next 主动权
Why don’t you take the initiative and ask him out? 你为什么不抓住这个主动权，叫他出去?
Politicians need to seize the initiative from the terrorists. 政治家们需要从恐怖分子那里掌握主动权。
The government must not lose the initiative in the fight against terrorism.
▶LAW◀
[countable] law a process by which ordinary citizens can officially suggest a change in the law by signing a petition 公民立法提案权
alteration noun [uncountable and countable]
a small change that makes someone or something slightly different, or the process of this change 小变化
alteration to
If you make alterations to the Windows setup, save the new settings before closing.
alteration in
Have you noticed any alteration in the patient’s behaviour?
minor/major etc alterations
The King’s Arms pub is to undergo extensive alterations. 经历了巨大的变化。
alter verb
1[intransitive and transitive] to change, or to make someone or something change 改棉
Her face hadn’t altered much over the years. 这些年她的面孔没有什么改变。
The city centre has altered beyond recognition (=changed very much). 这个城市的中心已经变得让人都认不出来了。
Nothing can alter the fact that the refugees are our responsibility. 没有什么事情可以改变这个事实，那就是难民也同样是我们的责任。
2[transitive] to make a piece of clothing longer, wider etc so that it fits 改衣服
A more responsibility
6. Language.
Present simple
l To refer to permanent or long-term situation:
I work for the UK subsidiary of a Japanese company.
l To refer to regular actions:
I produce technical documents.
l To refer to states
I have a lot more responsibility now.
l To refer to future time in subordinate clauses:
I always have to consult him before I can make even the smallest alteration.
l As part of a conditional clauses:
If something needs doing, then I think whoever’s available should do it.
Present continuous
l To refer to temporary situations:
I’m travelling around Europe a lot.
l To refer to current activities
I’m a temp and I’m working as a PA for law firm in London just now.
l To refer to an activity happening around a particular time:
Especially when you’re starting a new…
l To emphasise that an activity is ongoing:
Everyone’s still clocking in and out at the same time.
