▶TYPICAL◀
having all the features that are typical or expected of a particular thing or situation典型的，标准的，权威性的
classic example/mistake/case etc
Too many job hunters make the classic mistake of thinking only about what’s in it for them.
▶ADMIRED◀
admired by many people, and having a value that has continued for a long time 古典派的，古雅的
The Coca-Cola bottle is one of the classic designs of the last century.
a collection of classic cars
▶VERY GOOD◀
of excellent quality最优秀的，第一流的，典范的
Roy scored a classic goal in the 90th minute.
▶TRADITIONAL◀
a classic style of art or clothing is attractive in a simple traditional way 式样简朴的，传统样式的，代代相传的
ￚsee also classical
She chose a classic navy suit for the ceremony.
carefree adjective
having no worries or problems 无忧无虑的，自由自在的
He thought back to the carefree days of his childhood. 他回忆他童年时代那无忧无虑的时光。
a carefree attitude 自由的态度
epitomize verb[transitive] to be a very typical example of something 代表，象征，体现
also epitomise British English
This building epitomizes the spirit of the nineteenth century. 这个楼房代表了19世界的精神。
sophisticated adjective
1 having a lot of experience of life, and good judgment about socially important things such as art, fashion etc 经验老道的，目光独特的
a sophisticated, witty American 一位经验老到、聪明的美国人
2 a sophisticated machine, system, method etc is very well designed and very advanced, and often works in a complicated way 设计精良的、先进的
sophisticated software 现金的软件
a highly sophisticated weapons system 一套精良的武器系统
3 having a lot of knowledge and experience of difficult or complicated subjects and therefore able to understand them well 老练的，富于人生经验的，世故的
British voters have become much more sophisticated. 英国选民们变得越来越有经验了。
ￚsophistication noun [uncountable]
a New York nightclub that was the height of sophistication (=very fashionable and expensive) 一个极度时尚奢华的纽约夜总会
gear verb [transitive]
be geared to somebody/something
to be organized in a way that is suitable for a particular purpose or situation调整, (使)适合
The typical career pattern was geared to men whose wives didn’t work. 这种典型的职业模式适合那些妻子不工作的男性。
be geared to do something
The course curriculum is geared to span three years. 这个课程大纲可以调整为三年的内容。
homogeneous adjective consisting of people or things that are all of the same type同类的, 相似的, 均一的, 均匀的
a homogeneous society
ￚhomogeneously adverb
homogenize verb
also homogenise British English transitive]
to change something so that its parts become similar or the same
plans to homogenize the various school systems
detergent noun [uncountable and countable] a liquid or powder used for washing clothes, dishes etc洗涤液
McDonald’s uses the same concept in each country. The products are virtually identical (even though McDonald’s adapts its range slightly to suit local markets, e.g. by introducing salads in certain countries). The McDonald’s name, trademark, symbols and logo are the same everywhere (even though names of products may differ slightly).
Suggested Answer:
Coca-Cola: globalizes all three aspects.
Mars: has global products and a global logo but different concepts are associated with the chocolate bar.
Hertz: globalizes all three aspects.
Nike: globalizes all three aspects.
Barilla: globalizes all three aspects. Nescafé: has a global concept and a global logo but different products to suit local tastes.
4.
(1) B
(2) D
(3) A
(4) B
(5) C
(6) C
distance verb
distance yourself (from something)
to say that you are not involved with someone or something, especially to avoid being connected with them 远离
The UNO has firmly distanced itself from the anti-government movement. UNO组织坚决地表示自己没有参与反政府行为。
cosmopolitan adjective
1 a cosmopolitan place has people from many different parts of the world - use this to show approval 国际化大都市的
a vibrant, cosmopolitan city 一座充满活力的国际化大都市
a lively hotel with a cosmopolitan atmosphere 一个活跃的饭店内充满了国际化的氛围
2 a cosmopolitan person, belief, opinion etc shows a wide experience of different people and places 见多识广的，见过世面的
Brigitta has such a cosmopolitan outlook on life. …由一个很开阔的人生观。
accustomed adjective
1 be accustomed to (doing) something
to be familiar with something and accept it as normal 熟悉
We were accustomed to working together.
become/grow/get accustomed to something
Her eyes quickly became accustomed to the dark.
2 [only before noun] formal usual 通常的
The pans were in their accustomed places.
5.Language.
Inversion
Inversion of the verb and subject may be used in both formal spoken and written English when the speaker’s/writer’s emphasis is on the word or phrase at the beginning of the sentence.
If the sentence contains an auxiliary verb, it comes before the subject.
e.g. Never has this been more apparent than with the takeover of MLM.
If there is no auxiliary, do, does, or did is added.
e.g. Not only does it increase turnover but it also results in economies of scale.
The words or phrases followed by inversion often have a limiting or negative meaning.
e.g. Nowhere is globalisation more desirable than in sectors revolving around mobility.
Rarely is it realistic to extend all aspects of a brand.
Inversion may also occur after as.
e.g. Our Baltic center has shown continued growth, as have our Mediterranean centers.Baltic adj.波罗的海的, 波罗的海诸国的, 波罗的语的
Inversion can be used in formal writing to replace if in conditional clauses.
e.g. Had we been aware of the situation….
6. Speaking.
The BBC makes use of the British stereotypes of impartiality, high quality and authority throughout the world.
impartiality n.不偏不倚, 公正, 公平
III. Promoting a brand
3. Speaking.
1 One-minute talk: the importance of a global presence
Does the student show a clear understanding of the task?Yes
SHORTIs there an appropriate introduction and conclusion?Yes
Are the student’s ideas well-organised and logically ordered?Yes
TALKIs appropriate signposting and linking language used?Yes
Does the student develop ideas rather than repeat them?Yes
Are the ideas clearly expressed and easy to understand?Yes
Does the student speak in a clear and natural manner?Yes
Is the talk of an appropriate length?Yes
The speaker makes clear points, with a clear introduction and conclusion.
on account of something
because of something else, especially a problem or difficulty 由于问题或困难
She was told to wear flat shoes, on account of her back problem. 由于她的后背有问题，医生告诉他要穿宽松的鞋子。
downturn noun [countable usually singular]
a period or process in which business activity, production etc is reduced and conditions become worse 经济萧条时期
