她说，如果你在谋求一个新职位，可以看看内部的职位描述和同事的LinkedIn资料，以此查看你的直接上级都有哪些工作职责。你要向你的上司表明你已经在履行其中的部分职责，或者是你的经验有助于你在未来履行这些职责。
If the budget allows, bosses may be willing to promote you to a position that's not advertised as open, she adds, especially if you're already doing most of its tasksthough larger companies likely have less flexibility to do this.
她补充说道，如果预算允许，老板们也许会愿意提拔你升到一个尚未对外发布的职位，特别是如果你已经在处理其中的大部分工作的话，但是大型企业这样灵活操作的可能性会比较低。
Next, determine the best way to approach your manager. A performance review is a natural place to have this discussion, says Mr. Hopkinson. But if your review is months away or your company doesn't have one, approach your boss in person and ask to set a time to discuss your performance.
其次，要确定找顶头上司谈话的最佳方式。霍普金森说，绩效评估是进行此类讨论的自然时机。但是，如果距下一次绩效评估还有几个月时间或者你们公司没有绩效评估，那么你可以私下找你的上司，要求定一个时间来讨论你的业绩。
When you sit down with your boss, 'be armed with 'Here are the reasons I deserve it.' They need to be tangible points,' says Ms. Crawford. Have metrics that attest to your work, like an amount you saved the company through cost-cutting measures or the number of clients you've brought in.
克劳福德说，当你和老板坐下来谈时，要准备好你理当升职或加薪的理由，它们应该是实实在在的要点。要有能够证明你工作成绩的数字，比如你通过成本削减措施帮助公司节约了多少资金或者你招揽了多少客户。
Be direct about your merits and leave personal reasons out of it. 'It's a business transaction,' says Mr. Hopkinson. 'You're not going to get a raise because your rent went up or because you want to move out of your parents' house.'
你要直接表明你的优点，并且要撇开私人原因。霍普金森说，这是一种商业交易，你不会因为你的房租涨了或是你想搬离父母的房子就能获得加薪。
If budgets at your employer are still tight, come up with a date, say, in six months, when you'll follow up about your performance. And ask what you can do in the interim to stand out.
如果公司的预算仍然比较紧，那么你可以提出一个日期，比如说六个月之后，来继续谈论你的业绩。此外，你还要问问你在这段过渡期中可以做些什么来使自己脱颍而出。
