2 someone who is flashy wears expensive clothes, jewellery etc in a way that is intended to be impressive - used to show disapproval
a flashy dresser 穿着光鲜的人
cut across 朝近路穿过，超越，不顾，不理会;与相……抵触
impulse noun [uncountable and countable] a sudden strong desire to do something without thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to do 强烈的愿望，推动，驱使
ￚsynonym urge
impulse to do something
a sudden impulse to laugh
Marge’s first impulse was to run.
Gerry couldn’t resist the impulse to kiss her.
on impulse
On impulse, I picked up the phone and rang her.
Most beginners buy plants on impulse and then hope for the best.
impulse buying/shopping (=when you buy things that you had not planned to buy) 冲动似的购物
follow something ↔ up phrasal verb
1 to find out more information about something and take action if necessary 把...探究到底
The police take people’s statements and then follow them up. 警方获得人们的说法，之后把这些说法追究到底。
2 to do something in addition to what you have already done in order to make it more likely to succeed用进一步的行动加强，继续做
follow something ↔ up with
If there is no response to your press release, follow it up with a phone call. 如果对于你的新闻发布会还没有回应的话，你应该电话在继续把此事落实。
This experiment was quickly followed up by others using different forms of the drug. 这项试验很快由其他人使用这种药物的其他形式来继续完成。
follow-up adjective [only before noun]
done in order to find out more or do more about something 进一步的
a follow-up study on children and poverty 对于儿童和贫穷问题的进一步研究
rebuke verb [transitive] formal to speak to someone severely about something they have done wrong指责，谴责
ￚsynonym reprimand
rebuke somebody for doing something
Members of the jury were sharply rebuked for speaking to the press. 公众严厉谴责陪审团成员向报纸发表意见。
ￚrebuke noun [uncountable and countable]
a rebuke from the President 总统的批评
rest on/upon something phrasal verb
1 formal to depend on something 依赖
Success in management ultimately rests on good judgment. 成功的管理最终依赖好的判断力。
2 formal to be based on a particular idea or set of facts 依据某种看法或事实
The case against my client rests entirely on circumstantial evidence. 这个针对我客户的官司完全是依据间接证据。
3 if your eyes rest on something, you notice it and look at it 注意到，看到
His eyes rested on a small figure in the distance. 他注意到远处的一个小身影。
perceptive adjective someone who is perceptive notices things quickly and understands situations, people’s feelings etc well - used to show approval
理解的，反映敏锐的，灵敏的
a perceptive young man 一位反应灵敏的年轻人
highly perceptive comments 反应非常迅速的评价
You’re right. That’s very perceptive of you. 你是对的。你真是反应灵敏。
ￚperceptively adverb
ￚperceptiveness noun [uncountable]
Suggested answer
Company values: simplicity, humility, thrift, responsibly, enthusiasm, flexibility, openness
Company policies: absence of status symbols (e.g. no first-class hotel, directors’ dining rooms or flashy cars), recruitment of people who share the company’s values, internal promotion, listening to and encourage new ideas and initiatives, managers being involved in details.
Staff profile: people share IKEA’s basic values and are also strong enough to question and change things if necessary. People are both internally promoted and recruited from outside. People have a sense of responsibility and can follow things up. Managers need to be willing to be involved in detail.
3. Language.
Gerunds and infinitives
The uses of the gerund and infinitive which appear in the text are as follows:
Gerunds
l When the verb is the subject of the sentence:
Keeping our culture alive is management’s key task.
l After prepositions:
Our corporate culture is based on a natural way of working and being together.
l After certain verbs:
Caring means listening and encouraging new ideas.
Infinitives
l After certain verbs:
Our customers don’t expect to pay for first-class hotels.
l After modals (without to):
Our managers must know their job.
l After enough:
We also want people…who are strong enough to question, renew and change.
l To indicate purpose:
There are no status symbols to create barriers between managers and their fellow workers.
l After certain nouns;
A great deal depends on our managers’ perceptiveness and ability to care.
l In an introductory phrase with is
The best way is to set a good example and care about the employees.
Further patterns with gerunds and infinitives:
Gerunds
l After certain expressions, e.g. It’s no use, It’s not worth
l After to when used as a preposition, e.g. I look forward to, the key to, to be used to
Infinitives
l After certain adjectives, e.g. difficult, easy, ready
l After too+ word, e.g. too much, too weak
You should also learn which verbs are followed by gerunds and which by infinitives.
e.g. Gerunds: appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, postpone, risk, suggest
Infinitives: afford, choose, decide, manage, plan, refuse, tend
Useful nouns followed by the infinitive are: decision, thing, time.
Although some verbs, such as like, can be followed by either gerunds or infinitives with little effect on meaning, you need to be aware of those verbs where the choice does affect meaning significantly.
e.g.
I remember sending him the fax. To refer back to a specific past action
I must remember to send the fax today. To refer to a future action
Promotion will mean working longer hours. When mean = involve
He didn’t mean to delete the file. When mean = intend
We tried cutting costs – but profits didn’t improve. We tried out a possible way of reaching our objective.
We tried to improve profits. We attempted to reach our objective.
TheIKEAway
IV. The IKEA way
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
Vocabulary
kroner: the standard unit of money in Denmark and Norway 丹麦、挪威克朗
put down to: to think that something is caused by something else 由…引起
I was having difficulty reading, which I put down to the poor light. 我感到读书有困难，我总结的原因是光线不好。
uniform adjective
being the same in all its parts or among all its members 统一的，一致的
Grade A eggs must be of uniform size. 甲级鸡蛋必须尺寸一致。
ￚuniformly adverb
uniform noun [uncountable and countable]
1 a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as the police, the army etc 制服
school/army/police etc uniform 学校制服/军队制服/警察制服
He was still wearing his school uniform.
2 in uniform
a) wearing a uniform 穿制服
He was on duty and in uniform.
b) in the Army, Navy etc 在军队
my 33 years in uniform
bond verb
1 [intransitive] if two things bond with each other, they become firmly fixed together, especially after they have been joined with glue 紧密地联结
It takes less than 10 minutes for the two surfaces to bond. 只花十分钟不到的时间就可以把两个表面粘连起来。
2 [intransitive] to develop a special relationship with someone 发展与某人的特殊关系
bond with
Time must be given for the mother to bond with her baby. 必须要给母亲时间去发展同小孩子之间的母子关系。
valid adjective
1 a valid ticket, document, or agreement is legally or officially acceptable 合法的，可以接受的
ￚopposite invalid
a valid credit card 有效的信用卡
Your return ticket is valid for three months. 你的往返机票三个月内有效。
2 valid reason/argument/criticism etc
a reason, argument etc that is based on what is reasonable or sensible 合理的
Police officers must have a valid reason for stopping motorists. 警察必须要有合理的理由才能拦截开车人。
3 a valid password, ID etc is one that will be accepted by a computer system 有效的
