The advantages of e-business
1. H
2. G
3. C
4. D
5. F
6. J
7. I
8. O
9. M
10. N
Vocabulary
Speaker 1
network noun [countable]
1 a system of lines, tubes, wires, roads etc that cross each other and are connected to each other 网络
Hungary’s telephone network匈牙利的电话网
a high-speed European rail network 一个高速运行的欧洲铁路网
2 a group of radio or television stations, which broadcast many of the same programmes, but in different parts of the same country 广播网
the four biggest TV networks 四大电视网
3 a set of computers that are connected to each other so that they can share information 电脑网络
4 a group of people, organizations etc that are connected or that work together 一群经常有联系的人或组织
network of
It’s important to build up a network of professional contacts. 建立起一群职业人士联系网很重要。
network verb
1 [intransitive and transitive] to connect several computers together so that they can share information 电脑联网
2 [intransitive] to meet and talk with people who have similar jobs to yours, especially because they may be useful for your work 联系，联络
networking noun [uncountable]
the practice of meeting other people involved in the same kind of work, to share information, support each other etc 联系，联络
I’m hoping to do some networking at the conference. 我希望在此次大会上可以多联系一些人。
reckon verb [transitive not in progressive]
1 spoken especially British English to think or suppose something认为
reckon (that)
Do you reckon he’ll agree to see us?
The police reckon that whoever killed Dad was with him earlier that day.
’There’s nothing we can do about it.’ ’You reckon (=used to express doubt or disagreement)?’
2 to guess a number or amount, without calculating it exactly估计，判断
reckon (that)
We reckon that sitting in traffic jams costs us around $9 billion a year in lost output.
reckon something to be something
The average selling price for flats in the area was reckoned to be around ￡11,000.
3 [usually passive] to think that someone or something is a particular kind of person or thing把……看作
be reckoned to be something
The Lowsons were reckoned to be very good farmers.
Moving house is reckoned to be nearly as stressful as divorce.
be reckoned as something
An earthquake of magnitude 7 is reckoned as a major quake.
4 formal to calculate an amount计算
The expression ’full moon’ means the fourteenth day of the moon reckoned from its first appearance.
distance learning noun [uncountable]
a method of study that involves working at home and sending your work to your teacher 远程学习
Speaker 2
time-consuming adjective taking a long time to do 费时的
a complex and time-consuming process一个复杂费时的过程
extranet noun [countable]
a computer system in a company that allows better communication between the company and its customers by combining Internet and intranet systems, so that some customers can view some of the company’s private information that is not normally available on the Internet 外网
telemarketing noun [uncountable]
a way of selling products to people in which you telephone people to see if they want to buy something 电话推销产品
script noun
1 [countable] the written form of a speech, play, film etc 剧本
They write all their own scripts.
a film script
3 [countable] British English a piece of work that a student writes in an examination (笔试的)答卷
4 [singular, uncountable] formal writing done by hand手迹，笔迹，手写体
a diary entry written in neat black script
line ▶IN A COMPANY/ORGANIZATION◀
[countable] a series of levels of authority within an organization 机构管理层一系列的职权
Decisions are taken by senior officers and fed down through the line of command to the ordinary soldiers. 高层军官作决定，经过逐级下达直至普通士兵。
There should be more direct discussion between managers and workers lower down the line. 经理和底层工人之间由该有更多直接的讨论。
line manager noun [countable] British English
1 a manager in a company who is responsible for the main activities of production, sales etc 直线经理
2 somebody’s line manager
someone who is one level higher in rank than you in a company and is in charge of your work 某人的上级经理
line ▶PRODUCT◀
[countable] a type of goods for sale in a shop 某种产品
The company has just launched a new line of small, low-priced computers. 该公司刚刚投放了一款新的小型、低价位的电脑。
Speaker 3
up-to-the-minute adjective
1 including all the latest information 最新的
The general lacked up-to-the-minute information at the crucial moment. 这位将军在关键时刻缺少最新信息。
2 very modern or fashionable 现代的，时尚的
beach resorts packed with up-to-the-minute facilities and entertainment 有现代化设施和娱乐活动的海滨度假胜地
u enhance our clients’ perception
u strengthen our customer base
Speaker 4
prestigious adjective admired as one of the best and most important 有威望的，有声望的
a prestigious literary award 一项有有声望的文学奖
a highly prestigious university 一所有威望很高的大学
passion noun
1 [uncountable and countable] a very strong belief or feeling about something 激情，热情
with passion
He spoke with considerable passion about the importance of art and literature. 他用相当的热情谈论着艺术和文学的重要性。
The issue arouses strong passions. 这个问题引起了强烈的热情。
2 [countable] a very strong liking for something 爱好，热爱
passion for
his passion for football 他对足球的热爱
Gardening was her great passion. 园艺是他的最爱。
cyber- prefix
relating to computers, especially to messages and information on the Internet 网络的
cyber-shoppers 网上购物者
pedal noun [countable]
1 also bicycle pedal
one of the two parts of a bicycle that you push round with your feet to make the bicycle go forward脚蹬子
2 a part in a car or on a machine that you press with your foot to control it 汽车脚踏板
She put her foot down on the accelerator pedal.
international presence
fraction noun [countable]
1 a very small amount of something 一小部分
fraction of
I got these shoes at a fraction of the original price. 我只花费了原价的一小部分钱就买了这双鞋。
She paused for a fraction of a second. 她略微停顿了一下。
2 a part of a whole number in mathematics, such as ½ or ¾分数
Speaker 5
lean adjective
1 thin in a healthy and attractive way
He was lean, tall, and muscular.
2 lean meat does not have much fat on it
ￚopposite fatty
3 a lean organization, company etc uses only as much money and as many people as it needs, so that nothing is wasted 精简的机构
4 a lean period is a very difficult time because there is not enough money, business etc
His wife was a source of constant support during the lean years.
ￚleanness noun [uncountable]
bureaucracy noun
plural bureaucracies
1 [uncountable] a complicated official system which is annoying or confusing because it has a lot of rules, processes etc官僚
2 [uncountable and countable] the officials who are employed rather than elected to do the work of a government, business etc 政府官僚人员
procure verb [transitive] formal
1 to obtain something, especially something that is difficult to get获取，采购
procure something for somebody
He was accused of procuring weapons for terrorists. 他被指控为恐怖分子采购武器。
ￚprocurable adjective
ￚprocurement noun [uncountable]
the procurement of raw materials from abroad
ￚprocurer noun [countable]
fill in phrasal verb
▶DOCUMENT◀
fill something ↔ in
to write all the necessary information on an official document, form etc 填写
Don’t forget to fill in your boarding cards. 不要忘记把你的登机牌填写好。
▶TELL SOMEBODY NEWS◀
fill somebody ↔ in
to tell someone about recent events, especially because they have been away from a place 告知某人最近发生的事情
fill somebody ↔ in on
I think you’d better fill me in on what’s been happening. 我想你最好告诉我最近发生的事情。
▶DO SOMEBODY’S JOB◀
to do someone’s job because they are not there 接替别人的工作
fill in for
I’m filling in for Joe for a few days. 我只接替几天琼的工作。
paperwork noun [uncountable]
1 work such as writing letters or reports, which must be done but is not very interesting 文书工作
Police work involves so much paperwork these days. 近些年来，警察的工作内容当中包含了大量的文书工作。
2 the documents that you need for a business deal, a journey etc 文件
I’m leaving the solicitors to sort out the paperwork. 我从律师事务所那里出来去整理文件。
requisite adjective [only before noun] formal
needed for a particular purpose 必需的，要求的
ￚsynonym necessary, required
He lacks the requisite qualifications. 他缺少必需的资历。
margin noun [countable]
1 the empty space at the side of a page 边
Use double spacing and wide margins to leave room for comments. 请大家在行与行之间留一行，并且在两边留出足够的边，让老师可以写评语。
2 the difference between what it costs a business to buy or produce something and what they sell it for 利润
Margins are low and many companies are struggling. 由于利润很低，所以许多公司都在苦苦挣扎着。
Within 10 years they had a gross profit margin of 50%. 不到10年的时间，他们的利润总额就高达50%。
margin of error
the degree to which a calculation might or can be wrong误差幅度
The survey has a margin of error of 2.1%. 这次调查误差幅度为2.1%。
margin for error
how many mistakes you can make and still be able to achieve something 可以出错的空间
At this late stage in the competition there is absolutely no margin for error.在比赛的最后阶段，没有再犯错误的空间了。
sort something/somebody ↔ out phrasal verb
1 to arrange or organize something that is mixed up or untidy, so that it is ready to be used 安排、组织
We need to sort out our camping gear before we go away. 我们需要在离开前把我们野营用的装备准备好。
2 to separate one type of thing from another 捡出
I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away. 我已经把需要扔掉的纸都捡出来了。
sort something/somebody ↔ out from
First sort the white things out from the other clothes. 首先要把白色的衣服先挑出来。
3 especially British English to successfully deal with a problem or difficult situation处理，解决
She went to a psychiatrist to try to sort out her problems. 她去找精神病学家去解决她的问题。
I’ll be glad to get this misunderstanding sorted out. 我很高兴看到这次误解得以顺利解决。
4 especially British English to succeed in making arrangements for something 成功地做出安排
Have you sorted out where you’re going to live yet? 你安排好将要居住的地方了吗?
She is trying to sort out childcare. 她试图安排好照料孩子的事情。
2. Language.
Future perfect and future continuous
The uses of the future perfect and future continuous which appear in the tapescript are as follows.
Future perfect
l To refer to actions completed by a certain time in the future:
By the end of the year we’ll have reduced our paper invoices from five million to zero.
In phrases which contain a reference to actions completed by a specific time in the future, the future perfect cannot be substituted by other future forms.
Future continuous
l To refer to actions which are arranged or expected to happen:
We’ll be introducing more and more new product lines.
The future continuous can also be used to refer to an action which is in progress at a certain time in the future.
e.g. We’ll already be discussing the launch by the time you get there.
The future continuous can also be used as a polite form, when making enquiries about a person’s future plans.
e.g. Will you be staying for the reception?
It is not possible to replace the future continuous with other verb forms when it is used to refer to an action in progress at a certain time in the future. However, when the future continuous is used to refer to something which is expected /a matter of course in the future, or when it is used as a polite form, alternatives are possible – though always resulting in a change in emphasis.
e.g.
We’ll be introducing more new product lines.---This is what we’re doing anyway.
We’re going to introduce more new product lines. --- This is our intention.
We’re introducing more new product lines. --- This is our specific plan.
Will you be staying for the reception? ---May I ask if you intend to stay?
Are you staying for the reception? ---I’d like to know if you are staying.
3. Writing.
intermediary noun[countable]
plural intermediaries
a person or organization that tries to help two other people or groups to agree with each other调节人，中间人
Jackson acted as an intermediary between the two parties. 杰克逊在这两个党派之间扮演着调解人的身份。
ￚintermediary adjective [only before noun] 中间的
an intermediary role in the talks 谈判中调解人的作用
hold something at arm’s length
to hold something away from your body在一臂之远，在伸手可及之处
keep/hold somebody at arm’s length
to avoid developing a relationship with someone 避免与某人发展关系
Petra keeps all men at arm’s length to avoid getting hurt. …拒绝所有男人，以免受到伤害。
stand alone
a) to be strong and independent 强大，独立
the courage to stand alone 有勇气独立自主
b) to be at a distance from other objects or buildings 与别的物体和建筑物保持距离
The house stood alone at the end of the road. 坐落在路尽头的这座房子远离其他建筑物。
standalone adjective [only before noun]
1 a standalone computer works on its own without being part of a network 独立工作的电脑
2 a standalone company is one that is not part of a larger company 独立公司
ￚstandalone noun [countable]
entity noun[countable]
plural entities
formal something that exists as a single and complete unit实体，独立存在
The mind exists as a separate entity. 思维独立存在。
Good design brings a house and garden together as a single entity. 良好的设计让这座房子和花园成为一个整体。
empower verb [transitive]
1 to give someone more control over their own life or situation授权
The Voting Rights Act was needed to empower minority groups. 人们需要《投票权利法案》来赋予少数民族人们权利。
2 formal to give a person or organization the legal right to do something 授予法律权利
be empowered to do something
The President is empowered to appoint judges to the Supreme Court. 总统被授予权利来任命最高法院的法官。
