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3.1被动语态的一般用法
3.1.1当施动者不明确或不必指出时，用被动语态
[例句]
Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege.
才智被斥为一种权利或者特权。
3.1.2为了突出受动者，使用被动语态
[例句]
The phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the law.
这句话被国家的缔造者说过，意思是法律面前人人平等。
3.2用于各种时态的被动语态
3.2.1一般现在时的被动语态
基本模式为is(am,are)+-动词-ed形式
[例句]
The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child.
12岁的青少年不再被看作孩子。
Many courses are origanized around classroom discussion.
很多课程是围绕课堂讨论组织起来的。
A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demangded.
现在要求在妇女的机会平等方面取得突破。
3.2.2一般过去时的被动语态
基本模式为was(were)+动词的-ed形式
[例句]
He was knocked down by a car and badly injured.
他被一辆汽车撞倒，伤势严重。
It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken.
凌晨3：45最终投了票。
The city was taken by the English in the 16th century.
这座城市在16世纪被英国人攻占。
3.2.3一般将来时的被动语态
基本模式为will be +动词的-ed形式
[例句]
A new road will be built there.
这里将修建一条新马路。
The meeting will be put off till next Monday.
这次会议将被推迟到下周一。
3.2.4现在进行时的被动语态
基本模式为is(am,are )being+动词的-ed形式
[例句]
Now the space shuttle is being developed.
现在航天飞机正在发展。
This information shows which items are beingsold.
这种信息表明那些商品正在出售。
3.2.5过去进行时的被动语态
基本模式为was(were) being+动词的-ed形式
[例句]
Two of the glasses were broken when they were being washed.
在清洗时，有两只玻璃杯被打碎了。
While we were in London that year, the London Bridge was being repaied.
那一年我们在伦敦时，伦敦桥正在修。
3.2.6现在完成时的被动语态
基本模式为has(have) been+动词的-ed形式
[例句]
Many books have been written about the future.
已经写出了许多有关未来的书。
Physical vitality has been increased by improved nutrition.
由于营养的改善，身体活力已经增强。
3.2.7过去完成时的被动语态
基本模式为had been +动词的-ed形式
[例句]
At yesterday’s meeting he begain brought up the plan that had been disapproves a week before.
在昨天的会议上，他再次提出纳祥一周前遭到反对的计划。
The director discovered that a large part of the laboratory’s costly new equipment had been removed.
主任发现，实验室里大量昂贵的新设备被搬走了。
