一. 完型填空的特点以及测试要点
A、特点
1、 首段首句不出题(240-300字)
(每隔4-15个出一个空,是这样么?)
事实上不是的,有种特别难的题目,虽然两个空格之间存在‘距离’,但是逻辑关系上面却是‘紧密相连’的,这相当于就变成了两个‘挨在一起’的空格,成为了最难的题目。例如:
99年的文章,
When the work is well done, a __43__ of accident-free operations is established __44__ time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
43. [A] regulation[B] climate[C] circumstance[D] requirement
44. [A] where[B] how[C] what[D] unless
2、 完型填空所写答案是最佳答案,而不是最正确答案
(为什么?)
其实这也就是考研‘难度’的体现,有时候会出现语法、句意上面都对的几个选项,那么这个时候就应该选择最佳的答案,而不仅仅是‘正确’的答案。这个要求,在考研完型题目之前的‘direction’里面说的清清楚楚…
3、 普遍联系的观点解完型填空的每个题。
(鸟笼思想,一个空的正确有时取决其它空…)
4、 体裁:(议论文,说明文为主,很少有记叙文)
(94年语言、睡眠、维生素,98年的临时工、工业革命发展…)
5、 完美性
① 有一个明确的主题
② 有鲜明的态度
③ 文章全是总分结构
B、测试要点
1、阅读能力
① 对文章整体把握和理解
② 上下段、上下句之间的逻辑关系
③ 句子的内部结构(复杂句多)
2、 英语知识运用能力(正式名称)
1)结构识别――语法能力 (19%)
2)固定习语、搭配――介词(14%)
3)词义辨析及使用(67%)
比较常见的几种逻辑关系:
并列关系:
and, and also, or, neither…nor, either…or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as
递进关系:
then, also, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, indeed
因果关系:
because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so(such)…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, in response to, with, for this reason, lead to, too…to
转折关系:
but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of
让步关系:
although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of
其他:
列举关系:first—second—last of all, first—then, to begin with—to continue/next, on one hand—on the other hand, for one thing—for another thing, one—another, some—others—still others
举例关系:such as, for example, for instance, of these/those/them, among these/those/them, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namely
总结关系:in all, in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, altogether, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, to generalize, to put it in one word
二. 如何准备完型填空
a) 突破词汇关,尤其是常考词组,容易混淆的词。
b) 熟悉历年真题。考查英语基础和水平。语法的重要性。
c) 精读历年文章,分析文章作者态度和内在结构。
三. 完型填空的解题步骤
a) 整体通读
b) 按段精读
c) 通读检查
完型填空的发展规律
1. 题型、数量变化,分值没有改变(大纲变化)
2000以前,150-180词,10分,10个空。
2001之后,240-280词,10分,20个空。
2. 难度增加
2000以前,所选文章难度适中,或者说偏易。
2001以后,文章难度向阅读理解靠拢,复杂句增多。
【拿阅读中的复杂句练习,一箭4雕(完型、阅读、翻译、作文)】