1 The town is famous for its magnificent church towers.
A distinguished
B contemporary
C specialized
D specified
2 The economic reform in Japan has been accelerated.
A sped up
B put off
C slowed down
D stopped
3 During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune.
A control
B spend
C collect
D exchange
4 It's impolite to cut in when two persons are holding a conversation.
A leave
B talk loudly
C stand up
D interrupt
5 What can you do to ensure that you will stay healthy?
A be assured
B insist
C prove
D secure
6 I didn't help him. I would have, however, I didn't have the money.
A or
B but
C otherwise
D still
7 Gunpowder was used extensively in firearms prior to 1990.
A in
B around
C from
D before
8 The team's spirit was at the lowest point in the season.
A ability to read
B lesson
C morale
D talent
9 Mary had sold her bike, taken a driving test and bought a car.
A examination
B quiz
C exercise
D check
10 We have to think very carefully before we take any action, because it's a very serious situation we have encountered.
A ideal
B favourable
C good
D severe
11 It's tough looking for a job these days.
A different
B digital
C difficult
D direct
12 I wonder who first conceived the idea of cutting a hole in the door.
A thought of
B came on
C gave up
D handed out
13 John talked over the new job with his wife.
A discussed
B mentioned
C accepted
D rejected
14 Tom is still full of beans at 70.
A courageous
B kind
C energetic
D single
15 It took me a whole hour to solve the problem.
A work at
B work on
C work out
D work over
阅读判断
Factors Influencing Marriage
The common view in social science of love relationships is not that opposites attract each other but that like attracts like. People fall in love with others who share their interests and tastes and whose personalities are similar. Hill, Rubin, and Peplau (176) found only slight support for this view. On a great many characteristics, couples were not alike. On others, couples were only somewhat alike. Couples did tend to be about the same age, to be equally good-looking, to have similar IQ scores, to be of the same religion, and to want the same number of children. But on each of these things, quite a few couples differed from one another. In fact, on only one question did most agree on:whether they were “in love”.
The early interviews failed to find that being alike was very important in bringing couples together. The follow-up interviews found that similarities were much more important in keeping couples together. Those who were together after two years were much more closely matched than couples who broke up, especially in terms of age, IQ, college plans, and looks. Thus, couples were much more likely to break up if one person was a lot smarter, better looking, or older. It is easy to imagine why these differences would matter. If one person is much smarter or more mature than the other, this could cause conflicts. If one person is much better looking, he or she will have more chances for other relationships.
Yet other things that would seem as important turned out not to matter. Those who stayed together differed not at all from those who broke up in how alike they were on religion, sex role ideas, beliefs about sex, idealism, or the number of children they wanted. Surely, one might suppose that marked differences in sex role attitudes could cause friction or that religious differences might lead to breakups. But there was no evidence of this.
In fact, conflict was not one of the main reasons people gave for breaking up. Most said they broke up because they got bored with the other person. Often this caused one of the pair to become interested in someone else, thus prompting the split. Perhaps surprisingly, the woman got involved with someone else far more often than the man. Also, women were much more likely to suggest a breakup than men, regardless of the grounds. However, people were more likely to remain friends after the breakup if the man asked for the split. This suggests that the male ego is more sensitive to rejection.
16 In a marriage, conflicts are often caused by the diversity of intelligence.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Similarities within couples were most important in keeping couples together.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Most couples are about the same age, to be equally goodlooking, to have similar IQ scores and so on.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 The religious differences are usually a big reason for breakups.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Most people hold the view not that opposites attract each other but that like attracts like.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 If a couple divorce without much conflict, they are more likely to remain friends after the breakup.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 When one of the pair becomes interested in someone else, the marriage is most likely to break up.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
概括大意
Attention to the Details
1 Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It's amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves, ”he says.
2 “Resumes(简历)arrive with stains. Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate, ”Crossley concludes. “if they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”
3 Can we pay too much attention to details?Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees, ”says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else. ”
4 Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time. ”says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. ”Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
5 Too often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
23 Paragraph 1
24 Paragraph 3
25 Paragraph 4
26 Paragraph 5
A Don't Be a Perfectionist.
B The Benefits of Knowing Where We Want to Go.
C Hard Work Plus Good Luck.
D The Outcomes of Our Efforts.
E The Importance of Attention to Detail.
F Constantly Asking Ourselves about Details.
27 Once I see a mistake, .
28 If the details don't fit into the larger picture, .
29 A successful landing was still likely .
30 By doing little things with our efforts, .
A rarely is success so mysterious
B large rewards follow
C I eliminate the candidate
D We should drop them and move to something else
E judge the importance of every task
F because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal
阅读理解
第一篇 How Do American Consumers Borrow?
Young consumers often have not established their credit ratings. Many do not have steady incomes. They might have difficulty borrowing money from an agency in business to make loans. Parents or relatives are usually their best source of loans. Of course, the parents or relatives would have to have money available and be willing to lend it. You might even get an interest-free loan. However, a parent or relative who lends should receive the same interest as any other lender.
There are disadvantages in borrowing from parents or relatives. One is that they may not insist on you paying back the money by a certain time. As a result, you might let the loan drag on. This is especially true if you are not required to pay interest. This is not a way to develop good credit habits.
For most consumers, the cheapest place to borrow is at a commercial bank. Banks are a good source of installment loan which may run for 12 months or up to 30. Most banks also make single payment loans to consumers for short periods—30, 60, or 90 days.
The newest type of bank loan is one that a depositor can get simply by writing a check. It is usually called something like “ready credit” or “reserved checking. ” It works like this. A depositor is given a limited amount of credit, usually between $500 and $1，000. He or she may write checks up to the amount allowed. Once a check has been written, the amount of the check becomes a loan. Usually no charge is made for interest until the loan is made. A typical interest rate is 3 cents per$100 per day, or just under 1 percent a month. Suppose that you used $100 of your credit and repaid it in 30 days. The cost would be 90 cents. If you repaid it in 10 days, the cost would be only 30 cents.
The advantage of borrowing from a bank is that banks generally charge lower rates than most other lenders. One reason is that banks have more strict credit requirements than most other lenders. A consumer must have a fairly good credit rating to get a bank loan.
31 Which of the following is NOT true?
A The newest type of bank loan is simple to get.
B Bank loans are more difficult to get.
C Banks charge higher interest rates.
D Banks offer loans to those having a fairly good credit rating.
32 One of the disadvantages in borrowing from parents or relatives is that
A parents or relatives will ask the young people to pay back soon.
B it will not help young people to develop a good credit habit.
C they always charge interest.
D they always charge higher rates than other lenders.
33 Most commercial banks offer
A installment loans that may run from 12 to 30 months.
B installment loans that may run from 30 to 90 days.
C single-payment loans that may run from 30 to 90 days.
D single-payment loans that may run from 12 to 30 months.
34 “Ready credit” or “reserved checking”
A is designed to give the depositor a check.
B allows the depositor to write a check to pay any amount.
C allows the depositor to borrow money from a bank by writing a check.
D allows the depositor to charge an interest.
35 According to the first paragraph, young people
A have difficulty borrowing from their parents or relatives.
B can't get an interest-free loan from their parents or relatives.
C always borrow money from an agency.
D usually borrow from their parents or relatives.
第二篇 Road Trip Vacations
It's summer. In the United States, it's the season of swimming pools, barbeques, camping and road trips.
Road trip vacations where the car journey is part of the fun are especially popular with college students, who like to explore the country on wheels. These budget trips are ideal for students who often have plenty of free time but little money.
"Ever since I went to college, I've been traveling around a lot, exploring the country," said Austin Hawkins, a 19-year-old college student from New York. This summer, Hawkins and his friends have spent weekends traveling in New England.
The best part about car trips, said Hawkins, is that you can be spontaneous. "On a road trip, if you get interested in things you see along the way you can stop and explore."
Matt Roberts, a 20-year-old student from Ohio who drove to Montreal, Canada, agrees. "With road trips you don't have to plan in advance, you can just get into a car and drive."
Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is cheaper than flying. Roberts paid about 40 dollars for gas, but a round trip plane ticket would have cost nearly 400 dollars.
Driving trips first became popular in the 1920s. Newly paved roads and improved cars made it possible to travel longer distances. Motels started appearing outside cities.
By the 1950s, car ownership became the norm. Construction of the US interstate highway system began in 1956 and motel and restaurant chains popped up1 everywhere making long distance trips easier.
Today, the US has the highest car ownership rate in the world. Only 8 percent of American homes have no car, according to the most recent US census.
Though many college students don't own a car, most have access to one. On many of Hawkins' trips, they used a borrowed van.
Hawkins' most memorable road trip took place over spring break. He and two friends drove from New York to New Orleans to volunteer, helping rebuild the city after HurricaneKatrina hit it last July. They crossed the country in two days and slept in their car in church parking lots.
Roberts' road trip to Canada last winter was even more eventful. Upon arriving in Montreal, they were lost in a blizzard and shivering in the -250 cold. To find their hotel, they turned on a laptop and drove around in circles until they found a spot with wireless Internet coverage.
"I know we should have planned better, but we're young. Now, when I see those guys I always say: 'Remember when we were lost in the snow storm!' I'll never forget that."
36. The word blizzard in paragraph 12 can be replaced by
A) snowstorm.
B) hurricane.
C) mist.
D) fog.
37. What will Hawkins do when he sees something interesting on a road trip?
A) He will turn back.
B) He will drive around.
C) He will stop to explore.
D) He will stop exploring.
38. When did motels suddenly appear?
A) After the work to build the interstate highway system started.
B) When driving trips became popular.
C) After many roads were paved.
D) After new cars were made.
39. Which of the following words can best describe Hawkins' trip to New Orlends?
A) Eventful.
B) Colourful.
C) Delightful.
D) Unforgettable.
40. Which of the following statements is NOT true of American college students?
A) They have little money.
B) They like traveling by bike.
C) They like to explore the country.
D) They often have plenty of free time.
第三篇 The Operation of International Airlines
International airlines have rediscovered the business traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead, companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality.
Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.
It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. The net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.
Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return, They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.
High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive's time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive's attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure.
Another development has' been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch--the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperette seats, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night's sleep. Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft.
The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and Customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent.
Although it is the airlines' intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler--the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. The practice is particularly widespread in Europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.
41. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates the airlines?
A) They do not book their seats in advance.
B) They do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take.
C) They do not travel on the flight they have booked.
D) They do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
42. The following are all mentioned as reasons why the airlines are having a hard time EXCEPT that
A) the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time low.
B) there is no increase in the number of passengers.
C) there are more seats on the planes than needed.
D) the competition between airlines is strong.
43. The improvements the airlines attempt at include all the following EXCEPT
A) making their seats more comfortable.
B) providing better food during flights.
C) showing more movies during the long flights.
D) offering sleeperettes to first-class passengers.
44. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to
A) making sure the departures are not delayed.
B) the efficient handling of luggage.
C) speeding up customs procedure.
D) the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges.
45. According to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to
A) keep in mind the need of the executives only.
B) satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense of the executives.
C) try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing fares.
D) cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of the jets.
补全短文
Energy from the Sun
Everyone needs and uses energy. If there were no energy, 46
Most of the energy on this planet comes from the sun, but people do not receive that energy directly. It comes from different sources and in different forms.
Green plants convert the sun's energy to food energy that animals and people use for life. The energy from animals has been used for hundreds of years to operate farm equipment and to pull carts, wagons, and other vehicles.
The sun's energy takes water from rivers, lakes, and oceans and 47 When rain or snow falls on the land some of it flows into rivers and streams. This flowing water can be used to 48 Water can also be converted to steam, which produces energy to operate machines.
Winds also come from solar energy. Air that has been heated by the sun rises and creates winds. The process of winds has moved ships on the sea, ground grain, and brought water to the earth.
There is also solar energy in wood, oil, and coal. These fuels have been 49 People burn them to produce heat and to create power for machines. Oil and coal are used to produce electrical energy, too. And electricity produces light heat, and sound energy. In addition, electric power operates many kinds of equipment, tools, and machines, which make work easier.
If you made a list of all the jobs performed by the different kinds of energy, you would fill many pages. The need for power increases every day, and some sources of energy 50 So scientists and technicians are trying to find new ways to produce power.
A formed over many centuries from plants.
B returns it to the earth in the form of rain or snow.
C are being used up very quickly.
D there would be no life.
E produce mechanical energy and electricity.
F are being produced everyday.
完形填空
Improve Computer-research Skills
Like many college students, Jose Juarez carries around a pocket-sized computer that lets him watch movies, surf the Internet and text-message his friends.
He's part of "Generation M" - those born after 1985 who 51 up connected to everything from video game to cellphones.
"For us, it's everyday life," said Juarez, 18, a freshman 52 California State University at Sacramento (CSUS).
53 , educators are now saying that not all Generation M-ers can synthesize the piles of information they're accessing.
"They're geeky, but they don't know what to 54 with their geekdom," said Barbara O'Connor, a Sacramento State communications studies professor who has been involved in a nationwide 55 to improve students' computer-research skills.
In a recent nationwide test to 56 their technological "literacy" - their ability to use the Internet to complete class assignments - only 49 percent correctly evaluated a set of Web sites for objectivity, authority and timeliness. Only 35 per cent could correctly narrow an overly 57 Internet search.
About 130 Sacramento State students, including Juarez, participated in the experimental test, 58 to 6,300 college students across the country.
The hour-long assessment test is conducted by Educational Testing Service. It is a web-based scavenger hunt (拾荒游戏) 59 simulated Internet search engines and academic databases that spit out purposely misleading information.
"They're very good at 60 in and using the Internet, but don't always understand what they get back," said Linda Goff, head of instructional services for the CSUS library.
"You see an open search box, you type in a few words and you 61 the button," said Goff, who is involved in the testing.
"They take at face value 62 shows up at the top of the list as the best stuff." Educators say that these sloppy research skills are troubling.
"We look at that as a foundational skill, in the same way we 63 math and English as a foundational skill," said Lorie Roth, assistant vice-chancellor for academic programmes in the CSU system.
Measuring how well students can "sort the good 64 the bad" on the Internet has become a higher priority for CSU, Roth said.
CSU is considering 65 a mandatory assessment test on technological literacy for all freshmen, much as it has required English and math placement tests since the 1980s.
Students in freshman seminars at Sacramento State were asked to take the test early in the semester and were expected to finish another round this week to measure their improvement.
51. A) brought B) built C) stood D) grew
52. A) about B) near C) at D) near
53. A) Besides B) However C) In addition D) Of course
54. A) do B) work C) make D) deal
55. A) effort B) plot C) wish D) slogan
56. A) ask B) measure C) require D) demand
57. A) small B) little C) broad D) large
58. A) conducted B) held C) managed D) administered
59. A) between B) upon C) by D) with
60. A) writing B) copying C) typing D) moving
61. A) pull B) push C) beat D) strike
62. A) whatever B) whoever C) whichever D) however
63. A) look at B) take up C) cope with D) serve as
64. A) out B) from C) on D) off
65. A) added B) adds C) adding D) add
答案
1A 2A 3C 4 D 5 A 6B 7D 8C 9A 10D 11C 12A 13A 14C 15C
16A 17A 18A 19B 20B 21C 22B 23E 24F 25 B 26D 27C 28D 29F 30B
31C 32B 33A 34C 35D 36A 37C 38A 39D 40 B 41C 42A 43C 44C 45D
46D 47B 48E 49A 50C 51D 52C 53B 54A 55A 56B 57C 58D 59D 60C
61B 62A 63A 64B 65C
