四、平行结构
在GMAT句子改错题里，还有一种韪也归于平行结构，即句子前半部以某种方式构成，句子的后半部也以上述同样的方式构成。
1． The root systems of most flowering perennials either become too crowded, which results in loss of vigor, and spread too far outward, producing a bar e center.
A） which results in loss of vigor, and spread
B） resulting in loss of vigor, or spreading
C） with the result of loss of vigor, or spreading
D） resulting in loss of vigor, or spread
E） with a resulting loss of vigor, and spread
2． The economic forces which may affect the new public offering of stock in clude sudden downturns n the market, hedging and other investor strategies for preventing losses, loosening the interest rates in Washington, and fearing that the company may still be undercapitalized.
A） loosening the interest rates in Washington, and fearing that the company may still be undercapitalized
B） loosening the interest rates in Washington, and a fear of the company still being undercapitalized
C） a loosening of the interest rates in Washington, and fearing that the company may still be undercapitalized
D） a loosening of the interest rates in Washington, and a fear of the stillundercapitalized company
E） a loosening of the interest rates in Washington, and a fear that the company may still be undercapitalized
3.the Puritan was composed of two different men; the one all self-abasement and penitence; the other proud and inflexible.
A） the one all self-abasement and penitence
B） one of them all self-abasement and penitence
C） the one self-abasing and penitent
D） the one self-abasement and penitence
E） self-abasing and penitent
4.the financial crash of October 1987 demonstrated that the world's capital markets are integrated more closely than never before and events in one part of the global village may be transmitted to the rest of the village-almost instantaneously.
A） integrated more closely than never before and
B） closely integrated more than ever before so
C） more closely integrated as never before while
D） more closely integrated than ever before and that
E） more than ever before closely integrated as
5. The herbicide Oryzalin was still being produced in 1979, three years after the wives of workers producing the chemical in Rensselaer, New York, were found to have borne children with heart defects or miscarriages, and none of their pregnancies was normal.
A） to have borne children with heart defects or miscarriages, and none of their pregnancies was
B） to have had children born with heart defects or miscarriages, and none of the pregnancies was
C） either to have had children with heart defects or miscarriages, without any of their pregnancies being
D） either to have had miscarriages or to have borne children with heart defects' none of the pregnancies was
E） either to have had miscarriages or children born with heart defects, with out and of their pregnancies being
6. To read of Abigail Adam's lengthy separation from her family, her difficult travels, and her constant battles with illness is to feel intensely how harsh life was even for the so-called aristocracy of Revolutionary times.
A） To read of
B） Reading about
C） Having read about
D） Once one reads of
E） To have read of
7. Minimum wage legislation has been controversial since its inception: itsproponents argue that the people who are most economically vulnerable are safeguarded from being exploited, while other critics argue it leads to people being unemployed.
A） the people who are most economically vulnerable are safeguarded from being exploited, while other critics argue it leads to people being unemployed.
B） the people safeguarded from being exploited are the most economically vulnerable, whereas the critics argue it leads to people being unemployed
C） it is safeguard so that the most economically vulnerable are not exploited, whereas the critics contend that it is a cause of unemployment
D） it safeguards the most economically vulnerable from exploitation, while its critics contend that it is a cause of unemployment
E） it has safeguarded the people who are most economically vulnerable from being exploited, while its critics contend that it leads to people being unem ployed
8. Prompted by new evidence that the health risk posed by radon gas is far more serious than was previously thought, property owners are being advised by authorities to test all dwellings below the third floor for radon gas and to make repairs as needed.
A） property owners are being advised by authorities
B） property owners are advised by authorities that they should
C） authorities are advising property owners to
D） authorities are advising property owners they
E） authorities' advice to property owners is they should
9.When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try and establish tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products.
A） and establish tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage
B） and establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain able to be grown by farmers and encouraging
C） establishing tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage
D） to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain capable of being grown by farmers and encouraging
E） to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage
10. Manifestations of Islamic political militancy in the first period of religious were the rise of the Wahhabs in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and the victory of the Usuli “mujtahids” in Shiite Iran and Iraq.
A） Manifestations of Islamic political militancy in the first period of religious were the rise of the Wahhabs in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and
B） Manifestations of Islamic political militancy in the first period of reli gious reformism were shown in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Suddaan, and also
C） In the first period of religious reformism, manifestations of Islamic political militancy were the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, of the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeriam the Mahdi in the Sudan, and
D） In the first period of religious reformism, manifestations of Islamic political militancywere shown in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and
E） In the first period of religious reformism, Islamic political militancy was manifested in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, and the Mahdi in the Sudan, and in
11. Some bat caves, like honeybee hives, have residents that take on different duties such as defending the entrance, acting as sentinels and to sound awarning at the approach of danger, and scouting outside the cave for new food and roosting sites. （ O.P.297）
A） acting as sentinels and to sound
B） acting as sentinels and sounding
C） to act as sentinels and sound'
D） to act as sentinels and to sound
E） to act as a sentinel sounding
12. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment, such as lights, that are visible ad must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters. （O.P.298）
A） equipment, such as lights, that are visible ad must be turned on and off and underestimate that
B） equipment, such as lights that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
C） equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
D） visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that
E） visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and und erestimate it when
13. The voluminous personal papers of Thomas Alva Edison reveal that his inventions typically sprang to life not in a flash of inspiration but evolved slowly from previous works.（ O.P.301）
A） sprang to life not in a flash of inspiration but evolved slowly
B） sprang to life not in a flash of inspiration but were slowly evolved
C） did not spring to life in a flash of inspiration but evolved slowly
D） did not spring to life in a flash of inspiration but had slowly evolved
E） did not spring to life in a flash of inspiration but they were slowly evolved
14. The end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding, with individual bulls and cows receiving awards, fetching unprecedented prices, and excited enormous interest whenever they were put on show. （ O.P . 311）
A） excited
B） it excited
C） exciting
D） would excite
E） it had excited
15. The current administration, being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports failing to increase as a result of deep cuts in the value of the dollar, has formed a group to study ways to sharpen our competitiveness. （O.P.314）
F） being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports failing
G） worrying over some foreign trade barriers being removed, also over the failure of our exports
H） worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and the failure of our exports
I） in that they were worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and also about the failure of our exports
J） because of its worry concerning the removal of some foreign trade barriers, also concerning the failure of our exports
16. The most common reasons for an employee's unwillingness to accept a transfer are that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and the difficulty of selling the old home.（O.P.315）
A） that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and the difficulty of selling the old home
B） that mortgage rates are high, housing in the new location costs more, and that it is difficult of sell the old home
C） high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and that the old home is difficult to sell
D） high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and it is difficult to sell the old home
E） high mortgage rates, the greater cost of housing in the new location, and the difficulty of selling the old home
17. A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associated with other calve, they will require less medication and gain weight quicker than do those raised in confinement. （O.P.323）
A） associated with other calve, they will require less medication and gain weight quicker than do
B） associated with other calves, they require less medication and gain weight quicker than
C） associate with other calves, they required less medication and will gain weight quicker than do
D） associate with other calves, they have required less medication and will gain weight more quickly than do
E） associate with other calves, they require less medication and gain weight more quickly than
18.Displays of the aurora borealis, or “ northern lights,” can heat the at mosphere over the arctic enough to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce electric currents that can cause blackouts in some areas and corrosion in north-south pipelines.（O.P.328）
A） to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce
B） that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected, induce
C） that it affects the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induces
D） that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected and induces
E） to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles and induce
19.Galileo was convinced that natural phenomena, as manifestations of the laws of physics, would appear the same to someone on the deck of a ship moving smoothly and uniformly through the water as a person standing on land.（O.P. 330）
A） water as a
B） water as to a
C） water; just as it would to a
D） water, as it would to the
E） water; just as to the
20. Geologists believe that the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuation in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth's crust , changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks. （O.P.326）
A） changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying
B） changing measurements fo the strain across a fault zone, and varying
C） changing the strain as measured across a fault zone, and variations of
D） changes in the measured strain across a fault zone, and variations in
E） changes in measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and variations among
21. Some analysts contend that true capitalism exists only when the ownership of both property and the means of production is regarded as an inalienable right of an individual's, and it is not a license granted by government and revocable at whim. （O.P. 327）
A） is regarded as an inalienable right of an individual's, and it is not
B） are regarded as individuals' inalienable rights, and that it not be
C） is regarded as an individual's inalienable right, not as
D） are regarded as an individual's inalienable rights, not when they are
E） is regarded as the inalienable rights of an individual, not when it is
