首页 诗词 字典 板报 句子 名言 友答 励志 学校 网站地图
当前位置: 首页 > 考研频道 > 考研英语 >

正式文体与非正式文体的区别(2)

2012-08-21 
英语作文:正式文体与非正式文体的区别 来源:考试大 2012年8月21日 【考试大——我选择,我喜欢】

  两种文体在语言特征上的第二类主要差异体现在语法上,具体包括以下几个方面:

  1. 在构成比较句型时,很多考生选择使用了人称代词的宾格形式,其实使用人称代词的主格形式要显得更正式些。

  Informal: He spent more time playing computer games than me.

  Formal: He spent more time playing computer games than I.

  2. 在表达“让步”概念时,很多考生选择使用的but, anyway, all the same, though, although等为非正式文体常用词语表达。正式文体则常使用yet, however, nevertheless, in spite of (despite), notwithstanding等词语,

  Informal: He tried to overcome his addiction to the Internet, but he failed.

  Formal: He endeavoured to overcome his addiction to the Internet; however, it turned out to be a failure.

  3. 在构成“方式状语”时,很多考生偏爱使用副词,而这正是非正式文体常用的表达方式,正式文体则常用介词和与该副词同根的词构成的介词短语:

  Informal: It’s very important to….

  Formal: It is of great importance to….

  4. 在表达“原因”、“后果”等概念时,很多考生由于水平所限,总是使用非正式文体常用的so, because或其他形式的表示原因的从句,正式文体则常用 on account of, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently, owing to (the fact that…)等词或词组,且比较经常地运用分词短语、独立主格结构等。

  Informal: Since computers had proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet.

  Formal: Computers having proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet.

  5. 在构成表示“目的”的状语时,很多考生使用具有非正式文体色彩的so as to;其实,用in order that引导的目的状语从句常出现于正式文体中:

  Informal: We should do more outdoor activities so as to enrich our life.

  Formal: We should do more outdoor activities in order that our life gets enriched.

  6. 很多考生不会使用由引导词it引导的句子(如it is said that…),实际上,这一结构多见于正式文体,不用这一结构而表达同一意义的句子多见于非正式文体:

  Informal: The number of students in the classroom has been going down.

  Formal: It has been noted with concern that the number of students attending class has been declining alarmingly.

  7. 很多考生省略关系代词、连词、介词,这些情况多见于非正式文体。

  Informal: He flunked many courses. He had been expelled from the college.

  Formal: He flunked so many courses that he had been expelled from the college.

  Informal: He dealt with the problem the way his classmates does.

  Formal: He dealt with the problem in the way his classmates does.

  Informal: We should prevent it going from bad to worse.

  Formal: We should prevent it from going from bad to worse.

  8. 在表达“请求某人做某事时”,很多考生选择使用具有非正式文体色彩的主动语态句式,而没有使用具有正式文体色彩的被动语态句式。

  Informal: Please communicate more with your friends and family.

  Formal: More communication with your friends and family is needed.

  9. 很多考生未能正确使用某些不定代词、动名词的复合结构,不太注意句子的主谓一致,未能体现文章的正式文体风格。

  Informal: Everybody should look after themselves.

  Formal: Everybody should look after himself.

  Informal: Everyone should do their best.

  Formal: Everyone should do his best.

  Informal: I’m not surprised at him failing the course.

  Formal: I am not surprised at his failing the course.

热点排行