Ⅰ. ask “问、询问”是最普通的用语,通常表示只是为了获得回答或了解某事而提问。如:
① I asked him if he could come. 我问他能不能来。
② I’ll ask him how to get there. 我要问他怎样去那儿。
Ⅱ. inquire “问、询问”表查究,调查的意思。如:
① I have inquired of him whether he could help me. 我已问过他是否能帮助我。
② She came to inquire about her friend’s health. 她来询问她朋友的健康情况。
③ He inquired of me about our work. 他向我了解了我们的工作情况。
Ⅲ. question “询问、审问、提问”含有提出一连串问题的意味。如:
① I questioned him about the matter.我问过他这件事。
② He was questioned by the police. 他受到警察的审问。
§52 ask/ ask for
Ⅰ. ask vt “问”后接一个宾语或双宾语。如:
① Don’t ask me, I don’t know.别问我,我不知道。
② Then ask your friend the same questions.然后问你的朋友同样的问题。
Ⅱ. ask vi “要求”“邀请”。后接不定式或复合句宾语。如:
① He asked to join the PLA. 他要求参加人民解放军。
② The villagers always ask them to stay for lunch. 乡亲们总是请他们留下来吃午饭。
Ⅲ. ask for “要求找到某人或某物”在不同情况下有不同的译法。如:
① He sat down and asked for a cup of tea. 他坐下来要了一杯茶。
② Last time Mum asked for some glasses in a shop. 上次妈妈在一家商店里要买几只玻璃杯。
Ⅴ. ask sb for sth “向某人要某物”如:
① Now ask your partner for the answers.向你的搭档要答案去。
② He came and asked me for his bike.他来向我要他的自行车。
§53 asleep/ sleep / sleepy
Ⅰ. asleep adj “睡着的”;常作表语。如:
① The children have been asleep.孩子们已睡着了。
② He was too tired and fell asleep at once. 他太累了,立刻就睡着了。
Ⅱ. sleep v & n “睡着”。如:
① You have a good sleep. 你需要好好睡一觉。
② Last night I sleep very well. 我昨天晚上睡得很好。
Ⅲ. sleepy adj “困乏的、想睡的”。如:
① She is always sleepy. 她总是想睡觉。
② I feel very sleepy now. 我现在昏昏欲睡。
§54 at Christmas/ on Christmas
Ⅰ. at Christmas 表示“在圣诞节期间”,既可以表示在圣诞节当天,也可以表示在圣诞节前后不久。如:
I’ll return at Christmas 我将在圣诞节期间回来。
Ⅱ. on Christmas 则指“在圣诞节”,一般仅指在十二月二十五日当天。如:
Children always get many presents on Christmas Day. 在圣诞节孩子们总是收到许多圣诞节礼物。
[注]:on Christmas Eve 指的是“在圣诞节前夜”相当于中国的除夕。
§55 at first/ first
Ⅰ. at first “起初”,多用来表示后来发生的事情或动作,与前面的不同,甚至相反。如:
At first she knew nobody but now she has many good friends.起初她谁也不认识,但现在她有很多朋友。
Ⅱ. first 用来表示一系列动作或事物的“开始”。如:
Be polite. First knock at the door and then go in. 要有礼貌。先敲门,再进去。