[误] Shanghai is on the east of China.
[正] Shanghai is in the east of China.
[析] 在表达地理位置时有3个介词：in, on, to。 in表示在某范围之内; on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.
[误] I arrived at New York on July 2nd.
[正] I arrived in New York on July 2nd.
[析] at用来表达较小的地方，而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。
[误] He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.
[正] He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.
[析] 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。
[误] There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.
[正] There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.
[析] 在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.
[误] This weekend I'll stay in Uncle Wang's.
[正] This weekend I'll stay at Uncle Wang's.
[析] 要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：at a tailor's shop (裁缝店)=at a tailor's, at the doctor's (去看病) at the bookseller's (在书店) at uncle Wang's (在王叔叔家)
[误] Do you know there is some good news on today's newspaper?
[正] Do you know there is some good news in today's newspaper?
[析] 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。
[误] The school will begin on September 1st.
[正] School will begin on September 1st.
[析] 这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：at table (吃饭)， When I came to Tom's home, they were at table. 还有： at desk (学习)，at work (工作) at school (上学)， in hospital (住医院) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如：at the school 即在学校工作或办事，in the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。
[误] In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.
[正] On my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.
[析] 译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光"在……的路上"应用on one's way…。而 in the way 有挡道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way。
[误] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into.
[正] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke in.
[正] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into the office.
[析] in是表达一个静止状态，在与break连用时其后不加介词宾语，而into则是动态介词，与break连用时要加介词宾语。
[误] I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow.
[正] I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.
[正] I'll leave for Shanghai.
[析] leave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有：start for 动身前往某处，set out for， sail for。
[误] I'm sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.
[正] I'm sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.
[析] get in, 与 get out是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而get out为下车，但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词，所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲We'd better get in. 或We'd better get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)
[误] Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.
[正] Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.
[析] over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.
[误] There is an old stone bridge above the river.
[正] There is an old stone bridge over the river.
[析] over还有一意为"跨越，横跨"。
[误] The Dead Sea is under the sea level.
[正] The Dead Sea is below the sea level.
[析] 在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词，over与under也是反意词。
[误] There is a big tree in the front of the house.
[正] There is a big tree in front of the house.
[析] in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.
[误] It took them two days to walk across the forest.
[正] It took them two days to walk through the forest.
[析] across 作为介词有两个主要意思：① 横过，如：I want to walk across the street.② 对面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.
[误] The sun sets toward the west.
[正] The sun sets in the west.
[析] towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：I went south. 也可用作名词，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of China.
[误] Do you have no other clothes except those?
[正] Do you have no other clothes besides those?
[析] beside 是"在……旁边"，如：The students stood beside their teachers.而besides是"除……之外，不仅……而且……，除了……以外还有……"， 如：I studied English besides French, when I was in college. 而except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come here every day except Sunday. 而except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clean except for two chairs. 而except that则要加从句。
[误] Can I write the exam paper with ink?
[正] Can I write the exam paper with a pen?
[正] Can I write the exam paper in ink?
[析] with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。
[误] I'm earlier today. I came here by his car.
[正] I'm earlier today. I came here in his car.
[析] 在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi
by train=in a train
by bicycle=on a bicycle
by ship=on a ship
by boat=in a boat
by bus=on a bus
by plane=on a plane
by air 空运
by land 陆运
by sea 海运
on foot on horseback
by phone by letter by radio
by air mail by hand
[误] A lot of French wines are made of grape.
[正] A lot of French wines are made from grape.
[析] made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood.
[误] This is a good dictionary in English grammar.
[正] This is a good dictionary on English grammar.
[析] 关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。
[误] Do you have the key of the door.
[正] Do you have the key to the door.
[析] key to the door门的钥匙。相同用法还有answer to the question, entrance to the highway, danger to health.千万不要用of。
[误] Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.
[正] Today a lot of Chinese people have interest in collecting stamps.
[析] have interest in是在某方面有兴趣。
[误] I didn't do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.
[正] I didn't do my homework, so the teacher was angry with me.
[析] be angry with其后接人，而be angry at其后接事。如：He was angry at what she said.
[误] He was good for skating.
[正] He was good at skating.
[析] be good at 为"擅长某事"，而be good for somebody为对某人很好。
[误] It was good to you to help my little boy.
[正] It was good of you to help my little boy.
[析] 这句话应译为：你真太好了，帮助了我的小孩。而be good to somebody 是对某人态度好。如：Her mother is good to everyone.
[误] My parents were very pleased at me.
[正] My parents were very pleased with me.
[正] My parents were very pleased at my studying.
[析] be pleased with后加somebody, 而be pleased at后加something。
[误] He is agree with me.
[正] He agrees with me.
[误] He againsts me.
[正] He is against me.
[析] 同意agree为动词，而反对against则为介词。在使用中一定要注意。
[误] I haven't heard letters from him.
[正] I haven't heard from him.
[析] hear from 即为：从某人处得到信件。不要再加letter了。
[误] Teacher. May I call at you this weekend?
[正] Teacher. May I call on you this weekend?
[析] 作为"拜访"讲call at其后接地点，如：May I call at your home this weekend?而call on其后接人。
[误] Do you know the girl on white?
[正] Do you know the girl in white?
[析] in white为穿一身白。与in有关的词组有：in bed(睡觉)，in hospital(住院)，in a hurry(匆匆忙忙)，in danger(危险中),in joy (高兴)，in good health(身体好)，in love(恋爱)，in trouble(困境)，与之相反的是out of ,如：out of trouble (摆脱困境)，out of date(过时了)， out of order(出故障)
[误] He looked at me at surprise.
[正] He looked at me in surprise.
[析] surprise的用法一般有三种。①用于句首，To one's surprise, 如：To my surprise he succeeded. ② be surprised at, 如：I was surprised at the news. ③用于句尾in surprise.
[误] She didn't come to school because of she was ill.
[正] She didn't come to school because she was ill.
[析] because of 后接名词，如：The game was put off because of the rain.
(三) 例题解析
1 - Thank you ___ the beautiful flowers!
- Not at all.
A in B on C at D for
[答案] D.
[析] 由于某事向某人道谢应用for。
2 Can you answer this question ___ English?
A by B in C with D from
[答案] B.
[析] in 表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the question in a low voice.
3 Look ___ the map ___ China ___ the wall, please.
A after, of, in B at, of, in C after, in, on D at, of, on
[答案] D.
[析] look at 为"看"，而on the wall为"在墙表面挂着"，而in the wall 则是"在墙内"，如：There is hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。
4 - When did Mr Green arrive in London?
- He arrived there ___ the evening of December 6th.
A at B in C on D to
[答案] C.
[析] in the evening / afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为on,如：on a cold morning, on a spring morning等。
5 We won the relay race. And there was a big smile ___ our teacher's face.
A off B near C on D between
[答案] C.
6 The twins got on well ___ their classmates.
A to B in C with D about
[答案] C.
[析] get on well with与人相处很好。
7 - Please remember to come to my birthday party.
- I see. I'll come ___ Saturday evening.
A in B at C on D for
[答案] C.
8 Let's hurry， or we'll be late ___ school
A to B at C with D for
[答案] D.
[析] be late for， 而 come late to， 如： Don't come late to school
9 They will have a maths test ___ two days
A for B at C in D after
[答案] C.
[析] 三天之内应用in，而不要受中文影响用after， after three days 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5天、6天、10天全是after three days。
10 My brother joined the army ___
A 1989， March B in March， 1989
C March， 1989 D 1989， in March
[答案] B.
[析] 在月份、年、前用介词in，而日子前用on。
11 He couldn't work out the maths problem ___ your help
A without B under C for D with
[答案] A.
[析] 在某人帮助下应用with， 如：With the help of the teacher I passed the exam easily
而要是没有你的帮助则用 without your help
12 Granny took one look at us ___ her glasses
A by B through C on D in
答案] B.
[析] through 为穿过……。
13 We had our breakfast ___ a quarter ___ seven
A /， to B in， to C at， to D on， to
[答案] C.
[析] 具体时间点前用at，而差几分几点用to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。
14 I learn French ___ the radio every day
A on B in C from D at
[答案] A.
[析] 从收音机中听到某事应用词组 on the radio。
15 It's good manners to wait ___ line
A in B on C at D with
[答案] A.
[析] in line 为排队。
16 How many English words had you learnt ___ last term?
Aby the end of Bat the end of Cto the end of Dtill the end of
[答案] A.
[析] by the end of 为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合
17 The manager was very satisfied ___ his work
A in B on C about D with
[答案] D.[析] be satisfied with 为固定搭配。
18 John hit Jack ___ face
A on the B in the C on his D in his
[答案] B.
[析] 英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词+the+身体部位，如：He caught the boy by the arm。
19 I was born ___ the night ___ September 15， 1978A in， on B at， on C at， in D on， of
[答案] D.[析] 在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。
20 It's a bad manner to laugh ___ people when they are ___ trouble
A over， in B at， in C in， at D at， for
[答案] B.
[析] laugh at 嘲笑某人， laugh over 笑着谈论某人或某事， in trouble 陷入困境。
21 I can't do this work well ___ Tom's help
A under B for C without D from
[答案] C.
22 Don't shout ___ the old woman。 You should be more polite ___ her
A to， at B at， to C in， for D from， for
[答案] B.
[析] shout at 为"冲某人喊叫"，而 be polite to somebody 为"对某人和气。"
23 We must be strict ___ our selves ___ everything
A with， in B in， with C with， to D to， of
[答案] A.[析] be strict with 对某人严格要求。
24 He went to the football match ___ lunch last Sunday
A to B without C behind D between
[答案] B.[析] without lunch 未吃午饭。
25 The people's Republic of China was founded ___ 1949
A with B on C since D in
[答案] D.
[析] 在年代前用in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用since。
26 Mr Black got to Hangzhou ___ a few days
A in B after C on D at
[答案] B.
[析] 这句话应译为：几天之后 Mr Black 到达了杭州。而不是在几天之内一定要做完某事，所以选B。
27 - Has the teacher given you any advice ___ your English study?
- Yes， he has
A from B with C on D in
[答案] C.[析] 给予某一方面问题的忠告其介词用on。
28 You may depend ___ him He is ___ honest man
A on， a B in， an C on， an D at， the
[答案] C.
[析] depend on 为"依靠某人或某事"，而 honest 的首字母 h 不发音。
29 ___ my joy， I can answer this question
A With B To C By D For
[答案] B.[析] To one's joy 意为"使我高兴的是。"
30 The teacher asked the students to look ___ the word in the dictionary
A for B at C up D after
[答案] C.
[析] look for 寻找， look at 看， look after 照顾， look up 查字典。
31 A little monkey is playing ___ a tree and there are a lot of bananas ___ it
A on， on B in， on C on， in D in， in
[答案] B.
[析] 树上长出的果实为 on the tree
而其他外来之物要用 in the tree， 表达在树上。
32 I go to school ___ bus every morning.
A. in B. by C. on D. at
[答案] B.
[析] by后直接加交通工具，表示乘某种交通工具去某地。
33 No one likes a person ___ bad manners.
A. without B. on C. out of D. with
[答案] D. [析] with bad manners 有不良习惯的人。
34 The policeman was surprised ___ the news.
A. into B. for C. at D. out of
[答案] C. [析] be surprised at 对某事吃惊。
35 He had to sell newspapers ___ seven.
A. at an age of B. at the ages of C. at the age of D. at age of
[答案] C. [析] at the age of 在几岁时。
36 The little girl couldn't help ___ when she saw a large dog.
A. cried B. to cry C. crying D. cries
[答案] C.
[析] couldn't help+动名词表示情不自禁地去做某事，或禁不住做某事。
37 Jack was born ___ March 1st, 1978.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
[答案] A.
[析] 日期，时间前的介词按其表达语中的最小单位计算。
38 Edison was very interested ___ science when he was a boy.
A. to B. on C. in D. about
[答案] C. [析] be interested in something 对某事感兴趣。
39 The teacher was very satisfied ___ her answer.
A. in B. on C. for D. with [答案] D.
40 The story happened ___ Beijing.
A. in B. with C. for D. on [答案] A.
