Some graduates like to improve their English by themselves without taking a class, and others like to do so in an English class. Which do you prefer? Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Some graduates prefer to improve their English by themselves without taking a class. Others prefer to do so in an English class. In my opinion, learning foreign language should not be confined to a classroom only. Graduates can improve their English by themselves outside the class. My reasons are as follows.
First, every graduate has learned English for at least 5 years before he entered a college. Therefore, he has the necessary knowledge about English grammar and basic vocabulary which can help him to improve his English. I have some good friends who won the prize in English Speech Contest or English Composition Contest. They said that in addition to the class they mainly learned the language by themselves.
Second, a graduate will have an opportunity to develop his own interest in some peticular skills of the language. For example, if he is interested in writing, he can spend more time on this skill, which is unlike the situation in a classroom that he has to follow the class whether he likes it or not.
Third, most graduates are mature enough and they know what they should do. They can find books and obtain the chance to practice English. On the other hand, there is a good environment in a college. There are plenty of English books, films, and many English activities such as English corner, lectures and so on. They can easily better their English in such surroundings.
From the discussion above, I can draw a conclusion that graduates can improve their English quickly by themselves without taking a class. Therefore I like this idea.
12
Some people believe that money spent on space research benefits all of humanity. Others take the opposite view and say that money for this type of research is wasted. Discuss these two positions, using example. Tell which view you agree with and explain why.
For over fifty years, a number of nations have been involved in the exploration of outer space. This research has been very costly, of course. Has this money been well-spent or wasted?
Some people believe that all or most space research should be eliminated because of its incredible expense, not only in terms of money, but also in terms of scientific and human resources. These people point out the fact that it cost billions of dollars to send astronauts to the Moon, but all they brought back were some worthless rocks. These people say that the money and effort now being wasted in outer peace could be spent on more important projects right here on Earth, such as providing housing for homeless people, improving the education system, saving the environment, and finding cures for diseases.
However, other people believe that space research has provided many benefits to humanity. They point out that hundreds of useful products, from personal computers to heart pacemakers and to freeze-dried foods, are the direct or indirect results of space research. They say that weather and communication satellites, which are also products of space programs, have benefited people all over the globe. In addition to these practical benefits, supporters of the space program point to the scientific knowledge that has been acquired the sun, the Moon, the planets, and even our own Earth as a result of space research.
I agree with those people who support space research and want it to continue. Space research, as shown, has already brought many benefits to humanity. Perhaps it will bring even more benefits in the future, ones that we can’t even imagine now. Moreover, just as inpidual people need challenges to make their lives more interesting, I believe the human race itself needs a challenge, and I think that the peaceful exploration of outer space provides just such a challenge.
13
Some young people like to carry out a research project on their own, while others like to do it in a group. Which way do you prefer? Explain why.
Some young people like to conduct a research project on their own, and others like to do so in a group. In my opinion, the first way is more effective.
First, doing research on his own, one can know the whole process and control it by himself. He will have a chance to put his own ideas into practice without being affected by others. What’s more, when he has completed his research, he will be the only person who can win the honor, and there will be nobody to argue with him.
Second, if one works on the project by himself, he will be more responsible. That’s because nobody will take responsibility if he fails.
Third, his ability of independence will be trained through the self-directing work. He cannot depend on others, and he has to solve any sort of problems alone. This will help to enhance the ability which young people really need in the future.
Last, one may learn much more than he can when he works in a group. In a group, the work is shared and perhaps each person knows only a part. In an inpidual situation, he has to know the whole project. Therefore he can learn more.
In a word, if I were asked to choose, I prefer doing a research project independently.
14
Some people place a high value on loyalty to the employer. To others, it is perfectly acceptable to change jobs every few years to build a career. Discuss these two positions. Then indicate which position you agree with and why.,
Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
Different cultures place varying values on loyalty to the employer. In some countries, most notably in Asia, there is a high degree of loyalty to one company. However, in most European countries and the United States, loyalty to one’s employer is not highly valued; instead it is considered more rational and reasonable for an employee to change jobs whenever it is warranted to achieve the optimal overall career. Both of these positions have advantages and disadvantages.
In cultures that value loyalty to the employer, a kind of family relationship seems to develop between employer and employee. It is a reciprocal arrangement which the employer is concerned with assisting the employee to develop to his/her full potential and the employee is concerned about optimizing the welfare of the company. The negative aspect to absolute loyalty to one company is that an employee may stay in one job that he/she has outgrown and may miss out on opportunities to develop in new directions. From the employer’s point of view, the company may be burdened with employees whose skills no longer match the needs of the company.
In cultures in which it is quite acceptable to change jobs every few years, employees can build the career they choose for themselves. They can stay with one company as long as it is mutually beneficial to company and employee. As long as good relationship exists and the employee’s career is advancing at an acceptable pace, the employee can remain with a company. But at any time the employee is free to move to another company, perhaps to achieve a higher position, to move into a new area, or to find a work situation that is more suitable to his/her personality. The disadvantage of this situation is that employees tend to move around a lot.
Although both of these systems have advantages and disadvantages, it is much better for employees to have opportunity to move from job to job if it is necessary to have a better career.
15
More and more of China’s population are living in town or cities. Whether urbanization is a good thing or not has caused much argument. Comment on it with your own ideas.
With the booming economy, more and more China’s population are now living in towns and cities. In my opinion this rapid urbanization is a good thing, for it is the natural outcome of economic and social progress.
As we can see, many young people have moved from countryside into towns and cities just to find jobs. This movement has helped to provide the urgently needed labor force to sustain the expansion of industries in urban areas. They work in factories, or on construction sites. They help to build roads, bridges, houses, etc. Some of them work in the third industry, making clothes, decorating houses, repairing shoes, opening restaurants and so on. To some extent, they have made our life more convenient and comfortable. One the other hand, the surplus labor power from the countryside has found its great use in cities. Anyhow, without their efforts our cities could not have developed so rapidly.
The urbanization process has some negative effects such as crowded cities and congested traffic. But I believe that the situation will turn for the better if a city government takes proper action and intensifies the administration. In a word, the urbanization is a positive phenomenon in China.
16
1) Automobiles, as the product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society.
2) But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems.
3) Obviously, automobiles, like anything else, have more than one face.
Automobiles, as the product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society. For example, industry needs them for transporting products. Agriculture depends on them for farm supplies. Besides, automobiles are used every day to carry people to and from work. At weekends, automobiles take families on joyful outings. In short, the whole society is on wheels.
But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems. For example, the streets are crowded with automobiles. They not only cause traffic accidents which injure or kill a large number of people each year, but also make great noises and give off a lot of poisonous gases.
Obviously, automobiles, like anything else, have more than one face. More and more people have realized that while they are a necessity to mankind, automobiles also bring us many problems. We hope that satisfactory solutions to these problems will be found soon.
17
Title: Importance of Confidence and Self-confidence for Young Scientists as far as Their Careers are Concerned
Outline:
1. Confidence and self-confidence are important and necessary for young scientists.
2. If possible, present examples to support your view.
3. Reasons for the lack of confidence and self-confidence.
4. Your suggestions for building up confidence and self-confidence.
Confidence and self-confidence are very important and truly necessary for young scientists. Without them it would be impossible for the scientists to accomplish their research projects. As we know, sometimes research is very difficult and needs one’s confidence to carry it on.
Let us take Albert Einstein for example. He published his relativity theory when he was in his thirties. At that time, few scientists accepted this young man’s idea. Einstein had the confidence for his theory and self-confidence for his discovery. As time went by, his idea on relativity gradually became popular, and has finally been adopted in the world.
Confidence and self-confidence are closely associated with one’s education background and working environment. Young scientists sometimes lack confidence simply because they are young and not experienced. They haven’t established their status in their field, and they are not sure if they can succeed or not.
To gain confidence and self-confidence, one needs to have strong motivation and has to work very hard. If you could manage to be successful in even a simple task given to you, you will build up your confidence step by step. Certainly you’ll meet with some failure, not give up and keep on working. One day you will succeed and will have more confidence for any kind of work.
18
Write a letter to the chairman of your local council complaining about the noise made by some people who sing and dance every night from six to eleven in a small garden near where you live.
Dear Sir/Madam,
I wish to complain about the noise made by some people who sing and dance at our small garden every night.
I understand that many people, after dinner, like to enjoy themselves by singing and dancing, and I know singing and dancing are good to their health. However, residents in the area also need some protection of their rights.
In the first place, it seems ridiculous to sing and dance every night from six to eleven.
Secondly, the music they play is extremely loud. I live at least one kilometer from the garden and I cannot hear my radio or television when it is on.
Finally, although I know it must be difficult, is it possible for something to be done about the noise and unruly crowds who wander the streets afterwards?
I myself enjoy singing and dancing to I am not suggesting that the garden be closed to them. But I do ask that the organizers realize that singing and dancing are not the only things going on in the district, and restrict the disturbance it presently causes.
If this letter does not get any response, I intend to take up the matter with the Noise Pollution Control Board.
Yours Faithfully,
Li Ming
19
1) 在市场经济中，“适者生存”是非常重要的。
2) “适者生存”同样适用于现在社会中的每一个人。
3) 我应该如何去适应社会的需要?
At the economy market, it is very important to understand the “Survival of the Fittest”, which tells us that one cannot keep its position unless he has to meet the changeable needs to the society or the market. For example, if a factory which produces radios failed to know what the customers need, it would not be able to survive at the today’s market. On the contrary, if the factory can constantly change its products to satisfy customers’ needs, it will develop fast. Therefore, it is obvious that at the economy market, every enterprise should follow the principle, “Survival of the Fittest.”
In our daily life, it is also applicable to everyone. We need to adapt ourselves to the changing environment. Otherwise we could not keep up with the pace of the development. For instance, if you didn’t want to accept the E-mail for communication, you will fall behind others in receiving the information. As a result, you might be ousted.
To meet the needs of the social development, I need to study continuously. Also I have to adjust myself from time to time. Learning will help me to catch up with the new tides in the society, and adjustment will help me to make necessary corrections in my personalities and behaviors.
20
1) 有些人认为随着计算机技术的发展，电子书籍将取代现在的纸制书本。
2) 有些人认为书本的地位是不可替代的。
3) 我的看法。
These days, some people think that with the fast development of electronics, ordinary books will be replaced by electronic books. Their belief is based on the appearance of electronic dictionaries, CDs, disks and so on. It is true that these electronic products are very common and not very expensive. Other people think that ordinary books will not be replaced by electronic books. They have the following reasons: First, it is convenient to have paper books, and it is very cheap indeed. What’s more, people are so accustomed to them that they would be in big trouble without these books.
My opinion is that electronic books and ordinary books should not go against each other. They should be developed side by side. Right now it is impossible for one kind of books to replace the other completely. But if the price of electronic books is lower and more convenient to carry around, there will be a possibility that ordinary books will gradually lose its position in our life. Personally I like paper books, and I do hope that they will not disappear from desks. But we should get ready for what might happen in the future.
