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About 40 percent of Americans think of themselves as shy, while only 20 percent say they have never suffered from shyness at some point in their lives. Shyness occurs when a person’s apprehensions are so great that they 1 his making an expected or desired social response. 2 of shyness can be as minor as 3 to make eye contact when speaking to someone, 4 as major as avoiding conversations whenever possible.
“Shy people tend to be too 5 with themselves,” said Jonathan Cheek, a psychologist, who is one of those at the forefront of current research on the topic. “ 6 , for a smooth conversation, you need to pay attention to the other person’s cues 7 he is saying and doing. But the shy person is full of 8 about how he seems to the other person, and so he often 9 cues he should pick up. The result is an awkward lag in the conversation. Shy people need to stop focusing on 10 and switch their attention to the other person.”
11 , shy people by and large have 12 social abilities than they think they do. 13 Dr. Cheek videotaped shy people talking to 14 , and then had raters (评估者) evaluate how socially skilled the people were, he found that, in the 15 of other people, the shy group had few 16 problems. But when he asked the shy people themselves 17 they had done, they were unanimous in saying that they had been social flops (失败).
“Shy people are their own 18 critics,” Dr. Cheek said. 19 he added, shy people feel they are being judged more 20 than they actually are, and overestimate how obvious their social anxiety is to others.
1. [A] prevent | [B] inhibit | [C] keep | [D] motivate |
2. [A] Symptoms | [B] Signals | [C] Highlights | [D] Incidences |
3. [A] succeeding | [B] failing | [C] acting | [D] responding |
4. [A] but | [B] not | [C] or | [D] nor |
5. [A] preoccupied | [B] absorbed | [C] engaged | [D] indulged |
6. [A] However | [B] Then | [C] For example | [D] Instead |
7. [A] that | [B] which | [C] what | [D] how |
8. [A] worries | [B] feelings | [C] emotions | [D] indifferences |
9. [A] follows | [B] picks up | [C] misses | [D] catches |
10.[A]the conversation | [B] shyness | [C] others | [D] themselves |
11. [A] Therefore | [B] Nevertheless | [C]On the contrary | [D] Similarly |
12. [A] worse | [B] as good | [C] better | [D] best |
13. [A] When | [B] Since | [C] While | [D] As |
14. [A] themselves | [B] friends | [C] strangers | [D] others |
15. [A] name | [B] terms | [C] ease | [D] eyes |
16. [A] oblivious | [B] obvious | [C] oblique | [D] obscure |
17. [A] what | [B] whatever | [C] how | [D] however |
18. [A] best | [B] justice | [C] fair | [D] worst |
19. [A] In particular | [B] In contrast | [C] In general | [D] In comparison |
20. [A] positively | [B] negatively | [C] subjectively | [D] objectively |
Text 19
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 inhibit意为“阻止，抑制”，后面可直接跟名词或动名词，如：Thirst inhibits the desire to eat．口渴妨碍食欲。而prevent，keep虽也意为“阻止”，但常用结构为prevent／keep sb．from doing sth．因此这里inhibit为最佳选项。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】symptom意为“症状，病症”，在文中的意思是“害羞的症状就是……”。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】fail to do sth．不能做某事，句意为：害羞的人不能在与别人交谈时与别人进行眼神交流。因此，B项最合逻辑。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】or表示一种选择关系，根据上句．．．can be as minor as. . .，“可能微小到……”，又根据后面的．．．as major as...，“能大到……”，由此可知应是一种选择关系，因此用or。
5. 【答案】A
【解析】preoccupied意为“心事重重的；关注于……的”，此句意为：害羞的人趋于对他们自己过分关注
6. 【答案】C
【解析】因为前面提出一个观点，害羞的人往往过分关注自己，这里便举例证明这个观点，因此C项为最佳选项。
7. 【答案】C
【解析】注意前面出现的cues，这个词意为“(言词、行为之)暗示，提示”。因为后面一句是用来解释说明cues的，因此应选What he is saying and doing．他在说什么话和做着什么动作。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】根据前面提出的观点，应知此句意为：害羞的人过分担心自己在他人眼中是什么样的，他们为自己的形象忧心重重。因此，选用worries最合文意。
9. 【答案】C
【解析】此句意为：正因为害羞的人过分关注他人对自己的看法，往往会错过别人的话语和小动作。根据文意，miss最合文意。
10. 【答案】D
【解析】前面提到，害羞的人是趋于关注“自己”的，因此，此处应选用themselves。
11. 【答案】B
【解析】根据后一句，害羞的人的社交能力往往比他们自己想的要强，与前文谈害羞的人的缺点相比，可知这里有一个转折语气，nevertheless可引起转折语气，相当于but。
12. 【答案】C
【解析】此句意为：害羞的人有着比他们所想象的要强的社交能力。
13. 【答案】A
【解析】这里需要的是一个引导时间状语从句的词，句意为：当Cheek博士摄下害羞的人与他人谈话的情景时。
14. 【答案】C
根据逻辑，选择stranger，与陌生人谈话为最佳选项。
15. 【答案】D
【解析】in the eyes of sb．意为“在某人看来”；in the name of sb．意为“以某人的名义”。根据上下文，选用eyes最合逻辑。
16. 【答案】B
【解析】obvious意为“可看出来的，显而易见的”；oblivious意为“”忘却”；obscure意为“模糊的”；oblique意为“间接的，斜的”。
17. 【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文，此句意为：研究者问了别人对害羞者行为的评价后，又问他们自己觉得自己表现怎么样。因此选用how最合适。
18. 【答案】D
【解析】根据前文，害羞者总是觉得自己表现不好，因此选用worst，句意为：害羞的人是对他们自己评论最差的人。
19. 【答案】C
【解析】in general意为“总体上来说”；in particular意为“具体而言”；in contrast意为“相比而言”；in comparison意为“比较地说”。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】negatively意为“否定地，消极地”；positively意为“肯定地”；subjectively意为“主观地”；objectively意为“客观地”。此题句意为：害羞的人趋于对自已有否定的评价。应选B项。
