项目管理英语(2)(1)
启动过程组(中英对照)
Initiating Process Group
启动过程组
The Initiating Process Group consists of the processes that facilitate the formal authorization to start a new project or a project phase.Initiating processes are often done external to the project's scope of control by the organization or by program or portfolio processes（Figure 3-5），which may blur the project boundaries for the initial project inputs.For example,before beginning the Initiation Process Group activities,the organization's business needs or requirements are documented.The feasibility of the new undertaking may be established through a process of evaluating alternatives to pick the best one.Clear descriptions of the project objectives are developed,including the reasons why a specific project is the best alternative solution to satisfy the requirements.The documentation for this decision also contains a basic description of the project scope,the deliverables,project duration,and a forecast of the resources for the organization's investment analysis.The framework of the project can be clarified by documenting the project selection processes.The relationship of the project to the organization's strategic plan identifies the management responsibilities within the organization.In multi-phase projects,initiating processes are carried out during subsequent phases to validate the assumptions and decisions made during the original Develop Project Charter and Develop Preliminary Project Scope Statement processes.
启动过程组由一组有助于正式授权开始一个新项目或一个项目阶段的过程组成。各启动过程一般是由超出项目控制范围之外的组织、计划或综合行动过程来完成的（见图3-5），对于初始项目的依据，这种情况模糊了项目边界。例如，在启动过程组开始之前，就已将组织的经营需要或要求形成了文件。新业务是否可行取决于备选方案评价与择优过程。就项目的目的与目标已经编写了清楚明白的文字说明，这包括某具体项目成为满足组织经营要求的最优方案的理由。记载这一决定的文件还对项目范围、可交付成果和项目时间做了基本说明，还对组织投资分析的资源做了预测。将项目选择过程整理归档将有助于弄清该项目的轮廓。项目与组织策略计划的关系明确了该组织内高层管理人员的责任。在多阶段项目中，随后阶段进行的启动过程是为了确认在制定项目章程与拟定项目初步范围说明书过程中所做的原假设与决策的合理性。
Figure 3-5.Project Boundaries
图3-5项目边界
