The initial scope description and the resources that the organization is willing to invest are further refined during the initiation process.If not already assigned,the project manager will be selected.Initial assumptions and constraints will also be documented.This information is captured in the Project Charter and,when it is approved,the project becomes officially authorized.Although the project management team may help write the Project Charter,approval and funding are handled external to the project boundaries.
在启动过程中，应进一步细化最初对于项目范围和组织愿意投入的资源所做的说明。如果尚未任命项目经理，现在就应该选择一位。最初的假设与制约因素也要拟成文件。这些信息应反映在项目章程中，一旦项目章程获得批准，项目也就得到了正式授权。项目章程虽然可由项目管理团队起草，但项目的批准与资金的取得是在项目之外。
As part of the Initiating Process Group,many large or complex projects may be divided into phases.Reviewing the initiating processes at the start of each phase helps to keep the project focused on the business need that the project was undertaken to address.The entry criteria are verified,including the availability of required resources.A decision is then made whether or not the project is ready to continue or whether the project should be delayed or discontinued.During subsequent project phases,further validation and development of the project scope for that phase is performed.Repeating the initiating processes at each subsequent phase also enables the project to be halted if the business need no longer exists or if the project is deemed unable to satisfy that business need.
许多大型或者复杂的项目可以划分为若干阶段，这也属于启动过程的一部分。在每一阶段开始时对启动过程进行审查，有助于让项目始终将注意力集中在它本来应当解决的商业需要上。此时要核对进入下一阶段的要求标准，包括是否有必需的资源等。然后，决定该项目是否已经做好了继续下去的准备，或者是否应推迟或中断项目。随后在各项目阶段，要进一步审核和细化本阶段的项目范围。以后的各阶段重复启动过程，应能够在经营需要已经消失或认为项目已经无法满足这一经营需要时，将项目停顿下来。
Involving the customers and other stakeholders during initiation generally improves the probability of shared ownership,deliverable acceptance,and customer and other stakeholder satisfaction.Such acceptance is critical to project success.The Initiating Process Group（Figure 3-6）starts a project or project phase,and the output defines the project's purpose,identifies objectives,and authorizes the project manager to start the project.
让顾客与其他利害关系者参与启动过程，通常有助于改善和提高同意分享项目所有权、认同可交付成果、满足顾客与其他利害关系者要求的可能性。这样的认同对于项目的成功至关紧要。启动过程组（见图3-6）是开始一个项目或项目阶段，该过程组的成果确定了项目的用途，明确了目标，并授权项目经理开始实施这一项目。
Figure 3-6.Initiating Process Group
图3-6 启动过程组
