【摘要】
了解孕产妇的心理需求，探讨心理护理对分娩的影响，寻找缩短产程，减少产后出血量，利于产后护理的方法。方法随机将102例孕产妇分为对照组和试验组，先用自设的问卷调查孕产妇的心理需求，然后对照组按常规护理准备，试验组根据孕产妇的心理需求，应用信息疗法、认知疗法、松弛疗法等心理学方法进行心理干预，观察两组产程、产后出血量、心率、血压变化及24h后的焦虑和抑郁得分，分析生物学指标和心理指标。结果试验组第一、第二产程缩短，心率、血压稳定，产后出血量明显减少，焦虑抑郁分值下降，两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心理疗法对分娩具有缩短产程，减少产后出血量的作用，提示应用心理干预对孕产妇进行心理护理，为产妇提供情绪支持，可减少产妇的痛苦，缩短产程，利于产后恢复，促进母乳喂养。
【关键词】 分娩 心理护理 产程 出血量
Intervention of mental nursing on parturition
ZHAO Shu-zhen.People’s Hospital of Ningxiang,Ningxiang 410600,China
[Abstract] Objective To understand the psychological needs of
pregnant women.To explore the psychological impact of maternity care.To
seek the method shortening course of childbirth，cutting down postpartum
hemorrhage amounts，being good for postnatal care.Methods 102 patients
were randomly divided into maternal control group and experimental
group，first made a survey of maternal psychological needs，and then the
control group was prepared for conventional care and according to the
psychological needs experimental group of pregnant women applied
information therapy，the cognition therapy，psychology methods and so on
therapy,carried on the psychological intervention，observed two groups
of labor，postpartum bleeding，heart rate，blood pressure changes and 24
hour later anxiety and depression scores，analyzed the biology index and
the mentality index.Results The experimental group’s first,second
course of childbirth reduced，the heart rate，the blood pressure was
stable，the post-natal volume of blood obviously reduced，the anxious
depression value dropped,comparisons of two groups had statistics
significance(P<0.05). Conclusion The psychotherapy has the function
that reduces the course of childbirth，reduces the post-natal volume of
blood，points out that we applies interference with the nursing on
pregnancy，provides the support for the parturient woman，may reduce
parturient woman’s pain，reduce the course of childbirth，favor the
post-natal restoration，promot breast feeding.
[Key words] parturition;psychological care;labor;amount of bleeding
分娩过程不仅受到生理因素的影响，还受到社会心理等因素的影响。孕产妇心理因素对分娩期生物学指标的影响，越来越受到人们的关注。目前多采用缩宫素和手术的方式缩短产程[1]，加速分娩，减少产后出血，但这些措施给产妇带来了一定的痛苦和不良反应。本研究采用信息疗法、认知疗法、松弛疗法、导乐疗法等方法，加强心理护理，对促进产程，稳定心率、血压，减少产后出血量，减轻孕产妇的焦虑和抑郁情绪起到了一定的作用。
