28. He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang in ___________ for the shootings last week.
A. revenge
B. reserve
C. reverse
D. remedial
29. These pollutants can be ___________ hundreds and even thousands of kilometers by large air masses.
A. contained
B. conveyed
C. contaminated
D. conserved
30. There are a few small things that I don't like about my job, but __________ it's very enjoyable.
A. all at once
B. once and for all
C. so much as
D. by and large
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.
A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and community who will listen. But a hero cares beyond mere fame.
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people. The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom they serve. What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?
Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
31. Although heroes may come form different cultures, they ____________.
A. generally possess certain inspiring characteristics
B. probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people
C. are often influenced by previous generations
D. all unknowingly attract a large number of fans
32. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ____________.
A. they have a vision from the mountaintop
B. they have warm feelings and emotions
C. they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles
D. they can make people feel stronger and more confident
33. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because _____________.
A. they are popular only among certain groups of people
B. their performances do not improve their fans morally
C. their primary concern is their own financial interests
D. they are not clear about the principles they should follow
34. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ___________.
A. are good at demonstrating their charming characters
B. can move the masses with their forceful speeches
C. are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
D. can provide an answer to the problems of their people
35. The author concludes that historical changes would ___________.
A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities
B. not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices
C. take place if there were heroes to lead the people
D. produce leaders with attractive, personalities
Passage Two
According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today's traditional-age college freshmen are "more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的) "than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
Not surprising in these hard times, the student's major objective " is to be financially well off."
Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.
Interest in teaching, social service and the "altruistic" fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.
That's no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job — even before she completed her two-year associate degree.
While it's true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we'd better have some understanding of these other contributions — be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the perse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.
Weekly we could see unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run !
But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): "Miss Baxter," he says, "could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?"
From the long-term point of view, that's what education really ought to be about.
36. According to the author's observation, college students ____________.
A. have never been so materialistic as today
B. have never been so interested in the arts
C. have never been so financially well off as today
D. have never attached so much importance to moral sense
37. The students' criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with __________.
A. the influences of their instructors
B. the financial goals they seek in life
C. their own interpretations of the courses
D. their understanding of the contributions of others
38. By saying "While it's true that ..., be they scientific or artistic" (Lines 1-3, Para. 6) the author means that __________.
A. business management should be included in educational programs
B. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed
C. human intellectual development has reached new heights
D. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked
39. Studying the perse wisdom of others can _________.
A. create varying artistic interests
B. help people see things in their right perspective
C. help improve connections among people
D. regulate the behavior of modern people
40. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.
B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.
C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.
D. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.
Passage Three
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It's new a "global village" where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modem markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being "out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company's plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad, if an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and prevalent(普遍的).
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there, is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn't generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country's principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
41. What is the author's attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?
A. Critical.
B. Prejudiced.
C. Indifferent.
D. Positive.
42. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople ___________.
A. have to get familiar with modem technology
B. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
C. are attaching more importance to their overseas business
D. are eager to work overseas
43. In this passage, "out of sight and out of mind" (Line 2-3, Para. 3) probably means ___________.
A. being unable to think properly for lack of insight
B. being totally out of touch with business at home
C. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
D. leaving all care and worry behind
44. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?
A. Connections with businesses overseas.
B. Ability to speak the client's language.
C. Technical know-how.
D. Business experience.
45. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________.
A. better control the whole negotiation process
B. easily find new approaches to meet market needs
C. fast-forward their proposals to headquarters
D. easily make friends with businesspeople abroad
Passage Four
In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day" has caught on all over Israel. "Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, ' Let's be nicer,' "says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm.” Nothing happens without competition."
Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls "the revengeful (报复的) consumer.”When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “ People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service." The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless EIAI Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖) , has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, "You can feel the change in the air. "For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.
46. It may be inferred front the passage that __________.
A. customer service in Israel is now improving
B. wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C. the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel
D. Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones
47. In the author's view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel __________.
A. if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management
B. unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers
C. if there's no competition among companies
D. without strict routine training of employees
48. If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, ___________.
A. they can have it fixed in no time
B. it's no longer necessary to make an appointment
C. the appointment takes only half a day to make
D. they only have to wait half an hour at most
49. The example of EIAI Airlines shows that ___________.
A. revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises
B. an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty
C. a good slogan has great potential for improving service
D. staff retraining is essential for better service
50. Why did Bezaq's international branch lose 40% of its market share?
A. Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.
B. Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.
C. Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.
D. Because it no longer received any support from the government.
Part Ⅳ Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Each year, hundreds of thousands of people die form heart attack, a leading cause of death. In the Landmark Physicians' Health Study at Harvard University in the United States in the late 1980s, a research team led by Dr. Heinekens studied 22, 701 healthy male physicians, half of whom were randomly 51 to take an aspirin every other day while the others took placebos (安慰剂). After the participants had been 52 for an average of five years, the doctors in the aspirin' group were found to have suffered 34 percent fewer first heart attacks. 53 , a recent international study indicates that aspirin can be beneficial for those people with a history of coronary artery(冠状动脉)bypass surgery, 54 of their sex, age or whether they have high blood pressure or diabetes.
According to a report by the American Heart Association. Doctors should consider prescribing 55 aspirin for middle-aged people with a family history of, or 56 for, heart disease. ( Risk factors include smoking, being more than 20 percent overweight, high blood pressure and lack of exercise. )
Aspirin is also a lifesaver during heart attacks. Paramedics now give it routinely, and experts urge anyone with chest pain, 57 if it spreads to the neck, shoulder or an arm, or is accompanied by sweating, nausea(恶心), light-headedness and breathing difficulty to chew and 58 an aspirin tablet immediately.
When taking aspirin for heart attack, 59 the plain, uncoated variety. For even faster absorption, crush and mix with a little water. Speed of absorption is critical because most heart attack deaths occur 60 the first few hours after chest pain strikes.
51. A. expected B. demanded C. assigned D. advised
52. A. followed B. examined C. monitored D. experienced
53. A. Meanwhile B. Above all C. However D. In addition
54. A. in spite B. regardless C. careless D. whatever
55. A. low-dose B. high-amount C. more D. right
56. A. ready B. at risk C. maybe D. in danger
57. A. naturally B. apparently C. especially D. furthermore
58. A. eat B. swallow C. digest D. assimilate
59. A. choose B. use C. hold out D. pick out
60. A. for B. along C. within D. except
Paper Two
Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
The stability of the U.S. banking system is maintained by means of supervision and regulation, inspections, deposit insurance, and loans to troubled banks. For over 50 years, these precautions have prevented banking panics. However, there have been some close calls. The collapse of Continental Illinois Bank & Trusted Company of Chicago in 1984 did not bring down the banking system, but it certainly rattled some windows.
In the late 1970's, Continental soared to a leadership position among Midwestern banks. Parts of its growth strategy were risky, however. It made many loans in the energy field, including $1 billion that it took over from Penn Square Bank of Oklahoma City. To obtain the funds it needed to make these loans, Continental relied heavily on short term borrowing from other banks and large 30-day certificates of deposit — "hot money", in banking jargon. At least one Continental officer saw danger signs and wrote a warning memo to her superiors, but the memo went unheeded. Although the Comptroller of the Currency inspected Continental on a regular basis, it failed to see how serious its problems were going to be.
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: Write an essay of no less than 120 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your ANSWER SHEET.
Good management can help the organization achieve its desired results. This is particularly true of the management of an organization full of scientists and research workers. What is your idea about a good management or a good manager of such a group of people?
题号1234567891011121314151617181920
答案DABCCDBBCBDAACDCACAD
题号2122232425262728293031323334353637383940
答案ADCACDBABDACCBAABDBD
题号4142434445464748495051525354555657585960
答案DCCBBACDDBCCDBABCBBC
Translation:
维持美国银行业系统稳定的手段有监管、调控、查账、存款保险以及给经营困难的银行提供贷款。50多年以来，这些防范措施已经防止了一些银行业危机。不过还是有很危急的时候。1984年的伊利诺伊大陆银行和芝加哥信托公司的倒闭虽然没有导致银行业系统的崩溃，但是影响也不小。
大陆银行20世纪70年代末期快速成为中西部银行中的领头雁。可它的一些发展策略是很危险的。该银行在能源领域发放了很多贷款，包括从俄克拉荷马市的Penn Square银行接管10亿美元。为了获得放贷所需的资金，大陆银行过度依赖从其他银行借来的短期贷款和30天大额定期存单(银行业的行话称为“热钱”)。至少有一位大陆银行官员看到了危险征兆并给她的上级写了备忘录，但并未受到重视。尽管货币监理经常对大陆银行进行检查，但也没能发现问题的严重性。
Writing:
【参考范文】
Good Management Can Help the Organization Achieve Its Desired Results
Nowadays, people are increasingly realizing the importance of good management in various fields. Good management is essential to an organization that wants to achieve its desired results. It is a really tough job to manage human resources for any organization. Especially when the organization consists of scientists and research workers, the job will become more challenging.
As far as I am concerned, when dealing with this issue, there are several aspects to be considered. First of all, the manager should avoid simple and rather straightforward approaches when communicating with research staff, because research staff are all learned and highly bigoted inpiduals who have independent thinking. If the manager wants to solve the problems, he must know what the researchers are doing, thinking and talking about. Secondly, the manager must show his sincerity whenever discussing something with scientific staff, because these scientific staff are decent people and sensitive to the way of treatment.
All statements above indicate that a good manager should do his utmost to create a harmonious environment for research and offer best living conditions to scientific staff.
