apache2.2.4 PHP 环境的安装及扩展配置
apache2.2.4的安装及扩展配置?当前系统redhat9apache2.0.54? /usr/local/apache2mysql5.0.16? /usr/local/mysqlphp 5.0.4??? /usr/local/php5?现在需要安装apache2.2.4过程如下编译:安装目录为--prefix=/usr/local/apache22./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache22 --with-layout=apache --enable-module=so --enable-module=setenvif --enable-module=rewrite --with-mpm=prefork --enable-ssl安装makemake install?在安装了apache2.2.4之后,直接启动,会报有关ServerName的警告,但是还是可以启动的.通过客户端访问看到的默认页面是一句话 it works在配置文件中修改如下:#ServerName [url]www.example.com:80[/url]ServerName 127.0.0.1就不会报错了?修改网站主目录如下#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache22/htdocs"DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"访问的时候会报错403 禁止访问您无权查看该网页您可能没有权限用您提供的凭据查看此目录或网页例如在网站的主目录/var/ww/html下有1.html.在客户端访问[url]http://IP/1.html[/url]就会报这个错.解决办法:<Directory />??? Options FollowSymLinks??? AllowOverride None#??? Order deny,allow#??? Deny from all? ?Order allow,deny?? Allow from all</Directory>?分析错误原因查看配置文件httpd.conf,相关部分内容如下:# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that# directory (and its subdirectories).## First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of# features.# 首先配置的缺省的限制,这个限制是非常严格的<Directory />??? Options FollowSymLinks??? AllowOverride None?? Order deny,allow? 次序是先拒绝,再允许? ??Deny from all? 默认是拒绝所有</Directory>?## Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.#从这里开始你必须指定允许启用特定的功能,如果某些不能正常工作,需要查看你是否已经启用了它.?## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.#这里应该改为你设的DocumentRoot<Directory "/usr/local/apache22/htdocs">? 可以看到这里是对缺省的主目录的设置??? #??? # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",??? # or any combination of:??? #?? Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews??? #??? # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"??? # doesn't give it to you.??? #??? # The Options directive is both complicated and important.? Please see??? # [url]http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options[/url]??? # for more information.??? #??? Options Indexes FollowSymLinks???? #??? # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.??? # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:??? #?? Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit??? #??? AllowOverride None???? #??? # Controls who can get stuff from this server.??? #控制谁能访问这个网站??? Order allow,deny? 顺序是先允许再拒绝??? Allow from all? 默认是允许所有?</Directory>?所以缺省状态下只是对默认的主目录/usr/local/apache22/htdocs设的是允许所有访问,而对于其他的目录,采用默认的设置是拒绝所有访问的.所以我们之前做的修改<Directory />??? Options FollowSymLinks??? AllowOverride None#??? Order deny,allow#??? Deny from all?? Order allow,deny?? Allow from all</Directory>是将默认的限制调大了,让默认对所有的目录都允许所有人访问.或许会带来安全威胁.安全的做法是按照文档说的# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.#这里应该改为你设的DocumentRoot<Directory "/usr/local/apache22/htdocs"> 把它改为你设的主目录启动以后就可以正常访问了.?做多端口的虚拟主机2.2.4里面一个很大的不同就是将很多的配置以单独的文件存放(路径是conf/extra),如ssl,虚拟主机vhost等.在使用的时候先要在主配置文件里面包含此配置文件,然后到相应的配置文件里面去具体配置.下面来配置虚拟主机修改httpdconf,增加监听端口Listen 80Listen 81?启用虚拟主机配置# Virtual hosts#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.confInclude conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf?编辑配置文件目录下的/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf[root@server1 extra]# vi httpd-vhosts.conf ?## Virtual Hosts## If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.## Please see the documentation at# <URL:[url]http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/>[/url]# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.## You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host# configuration.?## Use name-based virtual hosting.#NameVirtualHost *:80?## VirtualHost example:# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block.#<VirtualHost *:80>??? ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com??? DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com??? ServerName dummy-host.example.com??? ServerAlias [url]www.dummy-host.example.com[/url]??? ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log??? CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common</VirtualHost>?<VirtualHost *:80>??? ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com??? DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host2.example.com??? ServerName dummy-host2.example.com??? ErrorLog logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log??? CustomLog logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log common</VirtualHost>?做如下修改[root@server1 extra]# vi httpd-vhosts.conf ?## Virtual Hosts## If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.## Please see the documentation at# <URL:[url]http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/>[/url]# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.## You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host# configuration.?## Use name-based virtual hosting.##NameVirtualHost *:80? 注释掉此句的原因见我有关虚拟主机的文章?## VirtualHost example:# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block.#<VirtualHost *:80>??? ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com??? DocumentRoot /var/www/html/s1??? ServerName dummy-host.example.com??? ServerAlias [url]www.dummy-host.example.com[/url]??? ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log??? CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common</VirtualHost>?<VirtualHost *:81>??? ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com??? DocumentRoot /var/www/html/s2??? ServerName dummy-host2.example.com??? ErrorLog logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log??? CustomLog logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log common</VirtualHost>?配置ssl# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.confInclude conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf?将之前生成的server的那些证书文件copy到conf目录下(因为是按照httpd-ssl.conf文件中的证书路径和名称配置的)??[root@server1 conf]# ../bin/httpd -SVirtualHost configuration:wildcard NameVirtualHosts and _default_ servers:*:80?????????????????? dummy-host.example.com (/usr/local/apache22/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:27)*:81?????????????????? dummy-host2.example.com (/usr/local/apache22/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:36)_default_:443????????? [url]www.example.com[/url] (/usr/local/apache22/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:74)Syntax OK?重启服务以后通过https访问?安装php原来想用现成的php,不想重新编译安装php.毕竟我感觉需要的也只是那个so文件而已.首先我想用原来的apache那个php的模块文件,将他copy到现在的模块目录cp /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so然后修改httpd.conf来支持php# Example:# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so#LoadModule php5_module??????? modules/libphp5.soAddType application/x-httpd-php .phpAddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps?# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory# is requested.#<IfModule dir_module>?? ?DirectoryIndex index.html index.php</IfModule>?启动报错[root@server1 conf]# ../bin/httpd -k starthttpd: Syntax error on line 54 of /usr/local/apache22/conf/httpd.conf: API module structure `php5_module' in file /usr/local/apache22/modules/libphp5.so is garbled - perhaps this is not an Apache module DSO?唉,失败了.(个人觉得如果是相同版本的apache应该是可以的copy使用的,但未测试)?经过sery指点想用apxs独立生成PHP的dso模块.可就是不知道该编译PHP里面哪个文件是模块的源文件.只得放弃.没办法了重新编译安装一个PHP.(如果有谁知道如何用apxs来生成php的dso模块而不用编译安装php就告诉我一声哈.)其实安装的过程与apache2.0.x一样.我写在这里留给自己以后参考编译php:新装在另一个目录php5.04(这是为了不影响现有php的运行,节省空间的话就直接安装在原目录下),指向的apache也是新的apache的路径../configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5.04 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache22/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars? --enable-url-includes --enable-sockets --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-calendar --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --with-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng2 --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype2 --with-libxml --with-zlib --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib2 --with-gd --enable-soap --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --with-java=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.2_14 --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/注意--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/,我之前使用的是—with-mysql这一步过不去,我停掉mysql还是不行,关掉apache也不行,所以就用这个来明确指向mysql的安装目录就搞定了?安装PHPmakemake install报错如下Installing PHP SAPI module:?????? apache2handlermake: execvp: /home/yahoon/php-5.0.4/build/shtool: Permission deniedmake: [install-sapi] Error 127 (ignored)/bin/sh: line 1: /home/yahoon/php-5.0.4/build/shtool: Permission deniedmake: *** [install-sapi] Error 126知道是权限问题,把这个文件提权[root@server1 php-5.0.4]# chmod 777 build/shtool [root@server1 php-5.0.4]# make install最后的信息为Installing PHP SAPI module:?????? apache2handler/usr/local/apache22/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache22/build/libtool' libphp5.la /usr/local/apache22/modules/usr/local/apache22/build/libtool --mode=install cp libphp5.la /usr/local/apache22/modules/cp .libs/libphp5.so /usr/local/apache22/modules/libphp5.socp .libs/libphp5.lai /usr/local/apache22/modules/libphp5.lalibtool: install: warning: remember to run `libtool --finish /home/yahoon/php-5.0.4/libs'chmod 755 /usr/local/apache22/modules/libphp5.so[activating module `php5' in /usr/local/apache22/conf/httpd.conf]Installing PHP CLI binary:??????? /usr/local/php5.04/bin/Installing PHP CLI man page:????? /usr/local/php5.04/man/man1/Installing PEAR environment:????? /usr/local/php5.04/lib/php/[PEAR] Archive_Tar??? - installed: 1.1[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.2[PEAR] PEAR?????? ????- installed: 1.3.5Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php5.04/etc/pear.confYou may want to add: /usr/local/php5.04/lib/php to your php.ini include_path[PEAR] HTML_Template_IT- installed: 1.1[PEAR] Net_UserAgent_Detect- installed: 2.0.1[PEAR] XML_RPC??????? - installed: 1.2.2Installing build environment:???? /usr/local/php5.04/lib/php/build/Installing header files:????????? /usr/local/php5.04/include/php/Installing helper programs:?????? /usr/local/php5.04/bin/? program: phpize? program: php-config? program: phpextdist红色的字说明了像apache的目录写入模块的过程. [activating module `php5' in /usr/local/apache22/conf/httpd.conf]这句话引起了我的注意.看来并不用手动添加对php的支持它会自动修改配置文件来激活模块.到/usr/local/apache22/conf/下看到出现了一个httpd.conf.bak,即它将原来的文件备份了.这样重启apache就能访问php的页面了.?其实这时新安装的php路径/usr/local/php5.04即使删掉这个目录也是可以正常工作的.因为我们需要的so文件已经在apache的modules目录下了?
