1.中文:他理发了。
(误)He had his hair to be cut.
(正)He had his hair cut.(have,get+宾语+过去分词表示使…被。)
2.中文:他喜欢喝凉开水。
(误)He likes to drink boiling water.
(正)He likes to drink boiled water.(现在分词表示主动,boiling water指正在沸腾的水;过去分词表示完成,boiled water指沸腾过的水。)
3.中文:由于做饭,他看上去累了。
(误)He looked tiring with cooking.
(正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的,tired表示人被弄疲倦了。)
4.中文:我不能让别人明白我的意思。
(误)I couldn’t make myself understand.
(正)I couldn’t make myself understood.(过去分词表示被动,make myself understood表示使我被别人明白。)
5.中文:昨天早上我上学时见到了我的一个朋友。
(误)I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.
(正)Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句分词构句表时间。)
6.中文:假期结束了,约翰返回了学校。
(误)The vacation was over, John returned to school.
(正)The vacation being over, John returned to school.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句独立分词构句表时间。)