Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps justify the reasoning above?
(A) Government-owned companies have the right to do whatever private businesses have the right to do.
(B) A government should always take seriously the complaints of merchants.
(C) Private businesses have not right to compete with government monopolies.
(D) There is nothing wrong with a government-owned company selling products so long as owners of private companies do not complain.
(E) There is nothing wrong with private companies competing against each other.
Principle application
Prompts for principle application
• The principle that Malcolm invokes, if established, would justify which one of the following judgments?
• Which one of the following most closely conforms to the principleillustrated above?
4) Walter: Although cigarette smoking is legal, it should be banned on all airline flights. Cigarette smoking in the confines of an aircraft exposes nonsmokers to harmful secondhand smoke that they cannot avoid.
Which one the following principles, if established, would justify the proposal put forth by Walter?
(A) People should be prohibited from engaging in an otherwise legal activity would unavoidable expose others to harm.
(B) An activity should be banned only if most situations in which a person engaged in that activity would inevitably expose others to harm.
(C) A legal activity that has the potential for causing harm to others in certain situations should be modified in those situations to render it harmless.
(D) People who regularly engage in an activity that has the potential for harming others when that activity takes place in certain situations should be excluded from those situations.
(E) If an activity is legal in some situations in which a person’s engaging in that activity could harm others, then that activity should be legal in all situations.
5) New legislation would require a seven-day waiting period in the sale of handguns to private individuals, in order that records of prisons could be checked and the sale of handguns to people likely to hurt other people thereby prevented. People opposed to this legislation claim that prison records are so full of errors that the proposed law would prevent as many law-abiding citizens as criminals from having access to handguns.
If the claim made by people opposed to the new legislation is true, which one of the following is a principle that, if established, would do the most to justify opposition to the new legislation on the basis of that claim?
(A) The rights of law-abiding citizens are more worthy of protection than are the rights of criminals.
(B) Nothing should be done to restrict potential criminals at the cost of placing restrictions on law-abiding citizens.
(C) Legislation should not be enacted if no benefit could accrue to society as a
(D) No restrictions should be placed on the sale of merchandise unless sale of that merchandise could endanger innocent people.
(E) Even citizens who are neither fugitives nor felons should not be permitted to own a handgun unless they have received adequate training.
