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成考辅导资料:中国特色词汇英语翻译

2010-10-12 
包干制 overall rationing system scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash……

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  《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q

  艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

  爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace

  安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families

  按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost

  按揭贷款 mortgage loan

  按劳分配 distribution according to one‘s performance

  暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly

  暗亏 hidden loss

  澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul

  奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

  B. B to B (B2B) business to business

  B to C (B2C) business to consumer

  巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse

  把握大局 grasp the overall situation

  白马王子 Prince Charming

  白色行情表 white sheet

  白色农业 white agriculture (also called “white engineering agriculture”;

  It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)

  白手起家 starting from scratch

  白雪公主 Snow White

  摆架子 put on airs

  摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances

  拜把兄弟 sworn brothers

  拜年 pay New Year call

  搬迁户 relocated families

  半拉子工程 uncompleted project

  棒球运动记者 scribe

  傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man;

  lean on a moneybags

  包干到户 work contracted to households

  包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash

  包工包料 contract for labor and materials

  保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth

  in the national economy

  保持国有股 keep the State-held shares

  保健食品 health-care food

  保理业务 factoring business

  保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area

  保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas

  保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings

  报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator‘s Project

  北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank

  本本主义 bookishness

  《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica

  本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip

  本命年 one‘s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

  奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life

  笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.

  蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping

  逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives

  比较经济学 comparative economics

  比上不足,比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many;

  to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst

  闭门羹 given cold-shoulder

  边际报酬 marginal return

  边缘科学 boundary science

  变相涨价 disguised inflation

  便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer

  标书 bidding documents

  表演赛 demonstration match

  剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody

  博彩(业)lottery

  industry

  博士生 Ph.D candidate

  补缺选举 by-election

  布达拉宫 Potala Palace

  布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system

  不败记录 clean record, spotless record

  不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force

  不打不成交 No discord, no concord.

  不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.

  不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result

  《不见不散》 Be there or be square.

  不可再生资源 non-renewable resources

  不良贷款 non-performing loan

  不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city

  不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency

  步行天桥 foot bridge

  C.

  擦边球 edge ball, touch ball

  擦网球 net ball

  采取高姿态 show magnanimity

  菜篮子工程 shopping basket program

  参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs

  沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into

  seas-time brings great changes to the world. What was once the sea has

  now changed into mulberry fields-the world is changing all the time.

  仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket

  草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take

  root among farmers and grow like wold grass)

  层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

  差额投票 differentail voting

  差额选举 competitive election

  茶道 sado

  查房 make/go the rounds of the wards

  拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul

  拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition

  搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside

  a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)

  禅 dhyana

  产粮大省 granary province

  产品结构 product mix

  产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well

  defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration,

  and scientific management

  产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order

  产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing

  产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies

  产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure

  长二捆 LM-2E

  长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta

  长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual

  supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe

  长线产品 product in excessive supply

  畅通工程 “Smooth Traffic Project”

  唱高调 mouth high-sounding words

  超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer

  超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption

  彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force

  城市规划 city‘s landscaping plan; urban planning

  城市中年雅皮士 muppie (一批中年专业人士,附庸风雅,矫揉造作cutesification,

  崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification,攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风,由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成)

  城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas

  吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot”

 

  吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government

  重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects

  抽杀成功 hit through

  筹备委员会 preparatory committee

  出风头 show off;in the limelight

  出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports

  出口加工区 export processing zones

  出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate

  出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports

  出家 pravrajana; cloister

  传销 multi-level marketing

  窗口行业 various service trades

  创建卫生城市:build a nationally advanced clean city

  创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park

  吹风会 (advanced) briefing

  春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program

  春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival

  《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals

  磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train

  辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new

  此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.

  从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

  粗放式管理 extensive management

  促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

  存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits

  D.

  “达标”活动 “target hitting” activities

  打白条 issue IOU

  打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering

  打假 crack down on counterfeit goods

  打破僵局 break the deadlock

  打顺手 find one‘s touch, get into gear, settle into a groove

  大包干 all-round responsibility system

  大轰动 blockbuster

  大力扣杀 hammer

  大路货 staple goods

  大满贯 grand slam

  大开眼界 open one‘s eyes; broaden one’s horizon; be an eye-opener

  大款 tycoon

  大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall

  大事化小,小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to

  reduce it to nothing at all

  大胜 white wash

  大腕 top notch

  大卫教 Branch Davidian

  大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series

  大学生创业 university students‘ innovative undertaking

  大要案 major and serious criminal cases

  大专生 junior college student

  大专文凭 associate degree

  大藏经 Tripitaka

  带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain

  their original rank and benefits

  待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting

  待业 job-waiting

  代职 function in an acting capacity

  单循环制 single round-robin system

  党群关系 Party-masses relationship

  党政机关 Party and government organizations

  捣浆糊 give the runaround

  盗版VCD pirated VCD

  盗打(电话) free call on somebody else‘s expense through illegal means

  盗用公款 embezzlement

  单刀赴会 start a solo run

  倒票 speculative reselling of tickets

  倒爷 profiteer

  倒计时 countdowm

  等外品 off-grade goods, rejects

  邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping‘s diplomatic thoughts

  低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)

  第二产业 secondary industry

  第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector

  第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile

  第一发球权 first inning

  第一发球员 first server

  第一双打 first pair

  地方保护主义 regional protectionism

  地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances

  地球村 global village

  地区差异 regional disparity

  地热资源 geothermal resources

  地市级城市 prefecture-level city

  点子公司 consultancy company

  电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number

  电话会议 teleconference

  电视直销 TV home shopping

  电子商务认证 e-business certification

  吊球 drop shot

  吊销执照 revoke license

  钉子户 person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably

  high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project

  定向培训 training for specific posts

  豆腐渣“工程 jerry-built project

  毒枭 drug trafficker

  独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)

  “渡假外交” holiday-making diplomacy

  短期债务 floating debt

  断交信 Dear John letter (from woman to man)

  对……毫无顾忌 make no bones about ……

  对冲基金 hedge fund

  对外招商 attract foreign investment

  队长袖标(足球) skipper‘s armband

  多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power

  多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)

  夺冠 take the crown

  E.

  恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation

  恶性循环 vicious circle

  (把…当成)耳旁风Like water off (on) a duck‘s back

  二板市场; 创业板市场 second board (on the country‘s stock market)

  二次创业 start a new undertakinge

  二进宫 to enter the palace a second time (people with a past criminal record again

  commits a crime, and is convicted and put into a correctional institution)

  二流选手 scrub, second-rater

  二元经济 dual economy

  F.

  发案率 incidence (of criminal cases)

  发烧友 fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan

  发展不平衡 disparate development

  发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.

  法治国家 a country under the rule of law

  法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system

  翻两番 quadruple

  反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire

  反不正当竞争法 Law of the People‘s Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means

  反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government

  防抱死系统 ABS (anti-lock braking system)

  防洪工程 flood-prevention project

  房管 real estate management

  访谈式竞选 (候选人在电视访谈节目中亮相进行的竞选)talk-show campaign

  放高球 lob

  放下架子 to relinguish haungty airs; to get off one‘s high horse; throw off one’s airs

  放行单 release permit

  飞毛腿(导弹)Scud missile

  飞行药检 spot check

  非对称数字用户环路 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)

  费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

  分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market.

  分流 reposition of redundant personnel

  分期付款 installment payment

  分税制 system of tax distribution

  (产品)分销 subunderwriting, distribution

  粉领族 pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as

  office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)

  风险投资 venture capital; risk investment

  疯牛病 mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)

  锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash

  封闭式基金 close-ended fund

  封杀出局 force out

  “封圣” canonization of “Saints”

  福利彩票 welfare lotteries

  福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

  浮动工资 floating wages; fluctuating wages

  扶贫 poverty alleviation

  覆盖率 coverage rate

  复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing

  that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)

  G.

  改制上市:An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so

  that it will get listed on the stock market.

  感谢款待的信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well

  as someone‘s guest)

  干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary,

  younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent

  港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong

  高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue

  高产优质 high yield and high quality

  高度自治 high degree of autonomy

  高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)

  高级商务师 Certified Business Executive

  高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road

  高科技板块 high-tech sector

  高难度动作 stunner, stunt

  高清晰度 high definition

  高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone

  (公路)隔离带 median

  根本政治制度 fundamental political system

  个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment

  个人自扫门前雪, 莫管他人瓦上霜 hoe one‘s own potatoes

  各大菜系 major styles of cooking

  各尽所能let each person do his best; from each according to his ability

  “各就位” “On your marks!”

  跟踪审计 follow-up auditing

  恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you all the best!

  功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.

  工程公司 engineering company

  工商局 industrial and commercial bureau

  工薪阶层 salariat; state employee; salaried person

  工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration

  工业园区 industrial park

  公费医疗 medical services at state expense

  公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS)

  公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people‘s courts

  公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds

  公开喊价市场 open outcry markets

  公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds

  公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company

  公益林 public welfare forest

  公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open

  公证财产 notarize the properties

  共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation

  under the leadership of Communist Party

  狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists

  who are hunting the news of celebrities.)

  骨干企业 key enterprise

  股本金equity capital

  挂职1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)

  2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one‘s position in the previous unit

  关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall

  光谷 optical valley

  光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration

  光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine

  光通讯 photo-communication; optical communication

  广告电话直销direct response advertising

  广域网 wide area network (WAN)

  皈依三宝 become a Buddhist

  国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components

  国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense

  国际惯例 international common practice

  国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL)

  《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune

  国际商业机器公司 International Business Machine Corporation (IBM)

  国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems

  国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua

  国家一级保护 first-grade State protection

  国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision

  国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team

  国库券 treasury bonds

  国民党 Kuomintang

  国民经济支柱产业 pillar industries in national economy

  国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond

  过度开垦 excess reclamation

  过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling

  short; too much is as bad as too little

  H.

  海市蜃楼,镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare‘s nest

 

  海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War

  函授大学 correspondence university

  旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park

  汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software

  航母 aircraft carrier

  豪赌 unrestrained gambling

  好事不出门,恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread

  far and wide.

  好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander

  好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster

  “好球” “Strike”

  和服 Kimono

  合理引导消费 guide rational consumption

  合议庭 collegiate bench

  核销 cancel after verification

  黑店 gangster inn

  黑客 hacker

  黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland

  宏观调控 macro-control

  红包 (中)red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback

  《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)

  红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys

  by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of

  a state-run or collective-run enterprise)

  红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)

  环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim

  后防空虚 leave the defense exposed

  后台管理 back-stage management

  呼啦圈 hu la hoop

  胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)

  虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.

  互动广告 interactive advertisement

  户口簿 residence booklet

  户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system

  户主 head of a household

  护身法宝 amulet

  华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele

  华盖 canopy

  滑板车 scooter

  “坏球” “Ball”

  还俗 resume secular life, unfrock

  “黄、赌、毒” pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking

  黄金时段 prime time

  (吃)“皇粮” public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state

  挥棒 swing

  挥棒不中 fan

  灰色收入 income from moonlighting

  汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation

  婚介所 matrimonial agency

  婚外恋 extramarital love

  活到老,学到老 One is never too old to learn.

  火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)

  货币化 monetization

  货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation

  货到付款 cash on delivery

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