4) 条件
if, unless, whether, provided that, given, as long as, on condition that, otherwise
5) 让步
despite, in spite of, though, although, nevertheless, but, however, admittedly, it is true…but, after all
6) 结果
for this reason, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, thus, in short, in a word, to sum up, to conclude
7)比较
similarly, like, likewise, in the same way, much……, as much, no more……, than, just as…… so
8)对照
whereas, instead, however, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand, while, some……, others
9)层进
first, in the first place, to begin with, second, next, in addition to, besides, moreover, furthermore, third, finally
10)强调
indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, above all, most importantly, worst of all
11)目的
in order to, in an effort to, so as to, in order that, for fear that, in case, least
12)先后
shortly after, earlier, later, afterwards, after, before, once, meanwhile, since, until, when, while, the moment, as soon as
13)指示
this, that, these, this accounts for, this helps explain, that's why
如何做判断是非的题目
是非题也称之为正误判断题，因为问的是选项中对文章中的事实的转述是否真实，提法是否正确，文章或作者是否提及。例如：
Which of the following statements is (not) true?
Which of the following is (not) mentioned in the passage?
Which of the following does not explain _______ ?
All of the following are true except ________.
可见这些问题的四个选项要么是"一正三误"，即一项是对的，是符合文章事实的，其余三项均是错的;要么是"一误三正"，即一项是错的，是不合原文事实的，其余三项均是正确的。
解答这类问题，头脑应当清楚：问题是要求把正确的选项圈出，还是要求把错误的选项圈出。有的考生不看清问题，就去选择选项，想当然地把正确的，符合文章事实的一项圈出，而问题明明问的是Which of the following is not true (mentioned)，结果误选。
是非题的四个选项有三种情况：
1.四个选项中的信息集中在一、二个句子里。这种是非题比较容易做。只要找到相关句，细细读一下就不难选定正确答案。
2.四个选项中的信息集中在一段里。这样查读的范围要大一些，但还是比较容易的。验证一个，排除一个，答案就出来了。
3.四个选项中的信息分散在全文。这种是非题就比较难做，因为要化较多的时间去找各个相关句，一一去查证。一般说来，应首先把四个选项都看一遍，根据第一遍读的印象和基本常识，尽可能先排除掉一、二个，以减少查的选项。实在排除不了，需要到文章中去一一查证的，次序也应从易到难，即从印象最深的，相关句最易找的，最容易证实的那个选项开始查。
由于时间关系，要到全文中去一一查证四个选项，效率太低。因此我们还可以首先对所有选项作一分析，根据常理，根据自己的知识结构，看看哪一选项最有可能是答案。如问哪一个true，就把四个中最可能正确的一项挑出来首先去查证;如问哪一个NOT true，就把四个中最可能是错误的一项挑出来首先去查证。用这一方法，最多查证两项，答案就会出来。
