雅思第三部分的考题,从出题类型上来看有十个类型:原因论述、情况对比、时间对比、事物利弊、预测未来、场景演练、解决问题、影响效果、方式方法、观点询问.这十类考题的难度都不可小觑,没一个类型都代表着一种回答思路,也对应着一些相应的句型.所以,在这里,我们来和大家一起探讨一下雅思第三部分的考题,并以十道最难考题为例,来给大家做一下分析.
1. 原因论述类考题:
在回答这种类型的考题时,我们要首先搞清问题的重点,且一定要紧扣此重点,不能游离出去.而且我们可以将考题的中心名词进行分类,从细分出的小类别出发去探寻原因,这样,思路就能更加开阔,更能做到有话可说.比如下面这道题:
◆ What is the reason why family members do not eat together anymore?
在这一题中,中心考点名词是family members,那么我们就可以对其做一个breakdown,家庭成员分孩子,成年人和老人,他们都会有自己身不由己,无法和家人共同进餐的不同原因,至此,考题就可从不同层次得到解答.那么在论述的过程中就一定会非常高频的出现一些因果的表达法,如because, due to, owing to, the reason why…is that…, contribute to, lead to, give rise to, be attributed to, result from等.
{原创范例} One primary reason why families do not eat together anymore is that their work schedules are different from each other. Young people would prefer to spend more time with their friends so they come home very late at night. This is because when they were small, their parents spent most of their time working that they have no time to be with their kids to guide them. Differences in opinions and characters plus financial difficulties often are the causes of fights among husbands and wives.
2. 情况对比类考题:
应对这种考题,考生首先要找出所对比的两者是什么,随即对两者的劣势和优势进行讨论,这类题目说穿了就是对于正反两面的讨论.因此,经常用到的词就有advantages, benefits, merits, upsides, plus points, disadvantages, drawbacks, downsides, minus points等.下面这道考题就是一个很好的例子.
◆ Should women stay at home or go out to look for jobs?
{原创范例} Women deserve as much rights to work as men. Given growing financial burden on an ordinary family and tough competition among job seekers, an extra source of income in the family would definitely mean a lot. However, contrary to what we may expect, many women now are actually pursuing the kind of life as a full-time housewife which only has been re-interpreted by modern women to mean relaxing, hassle-free and enjoyable life without lots of work in hand.
3. 时间对比
有些考题要求考生就一个问题的过去和现在分别进行论述并进行比较,这类题目就是时间对比类考题.对于这类考题,考生首先要注意在谈论过去的状况是要使用一般过去时,千万不能出现时态使用混乱的状况.此外,考生还需要将重点放在变化上.且通常过去和现在的状况反差较为强烈,所以需要使用转折连接词,如however, nevertheless, while, whereas等.比如下面这道考题曾经就难倒过一大批的考生:
◆ Explain different attitudes towards marriage between people in the past and now
{原创范例} Well, this is also the kind of problem I am going to deal with probably for a couple of years to come. In the past, people, women in particular, generally revolved their life around giving birth and raising children. However people now are no longer seeing marriage and family as their only thing in life. With the availability of a wide range of entertainment parlors, young people prefer to enjoy their carefree life as a single person before they have to take a lot of responsibilities as a married one.
4. 事物利弊
事物的利弊是所有的在这一章里面所分析的所有可能在雅思口语第三部份所出现的题目类型里面可以说是考察最为频繁的一种题目.它的答题思路和写作Task 2的考题非常的相似,但是我们对于这种题目的熟悉程度较高并不意味着这些考题对我们来说就是很容易给出出色解答的.意味口语考题的思考时间较短,我们必须要在很短的时间内搜索出足够量的ideas才可以过关,而我们通常可以从社会、经济、文化、环境、教育、政治、心理、健康等方面去搜寻ideas,这种搜寻方法而是要在平时多加练习的.比如下面这道考题就分别从健康和经济方面的好处进行了探讨.
◆ What are the advantages of people living in tourist attractions?
{原创范例} Well, the advantages for people who live in tourist attractions are pretty evident. For a starter, compared with cities where the pollution is getting unstoppably worse, life at tourist attractions is definitely good for health. Besides, the people there can make loads of money on tourism industry and a number of related industries like serving food in restaurants, selling souvenirs to tourists, among many others.
5. 预测未来
对于这类问题,考生首先应当注意时态的问题,一般会以将来时或虚拟语态为主.而且考试不能天马行空般的堆砌内容,而是要有事实依据的进行预测.虽然题目是要求考生展开对未来的展望,但是考生们应该根据现实的情况进行引申,对未来的预测的内容进行足够的原因的阐述.比如下面这道考题就是一个很好的例子.
◆ What should the government do to curb global warming?
{原创范例} Our planet is plagued with tons of environmental problems. Among them, global warming proves to be the most pressing environmental issue and frankly speaking, is, as we all can see, threatening every bit of our life. Hence, in my personal opinion, the government should assume primary responsibility to curb global warming and the most viable measure would be to cut it off at the source, which means the government has to come up with ways to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere. For instance, exhaust gas emitted is held largely accountable for the acceleration of global warming.
