下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 Winston Churchill gave a moving speech.
A nervous B foolish C stirring D fast
2 As a writer, he turned out three novels that year.
A refused B read C produced D accepted
3 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.
A extensive B negative C responsive D explosive
4 Her death was a great grief to him and I doubt if he ever recovered afterwards.
A suspect B ensure C got on D got over
5 UFO represents unidentified flying object.
A stand for B hints at C implies D indicates
6 She couldn’t judge distances.
A arbitrate B discover C find D determine
7 One is supposed to eat a light meal before going to bed.
A cheap B small C tasteful D vegetarian
8 Being colleagues for ten years, they have become intimate friends.
A close B new C kind D closely
9 Many problems that bothored people then continue to exit today.
A disturbed B destroyed C endangered D interested
10 Alex knew that he must breathe nothing of this to Nancy.
A believe B talk C secret D tell
11 The kinds of the oil use affect your health.
A cause B fancy C influence D increase
12 Tom cannot afford to a new car.
A buy B sell C ride D share
13 Fourteen people were charged with offences including obstruction and resisting arrest.
A racism B robbery C violation D warfare
14 We are optimistic that the company will succeed.
A positive B dismayed C frustrated D incredible
15 At first Mr. Harrison lost money on his investments, but finally he paid off.
A borrowed money B survived C was wealthy D succeeded
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
The Speed Sound
Solids transmit(传递)sound very well. Try holding a wooden stick against part of a machine, and place your ears against the stick. The movement of the ball-bearings(滚珠轴承)can be clearly heard. This is a good way of finding the exact source of trouble in a motor-car engine which sounds as if it is wrong and yet gives no information of where the trouble is.
It is probably a good thing that sound cannot travel through a vacuum, for we are thus limited to earthmade sounds. The violent disturbances which are seen occasionally in the sun, for example, may affect our magnetism(磁力)and our radio;they do not affect our ears, which is a very good thing for our peace of mind.
If we have used our eyes and ears, we may have realized that sound takes time to travel through the air. The sound of thunder nearly always follow the lightning flash although they happen at exactly the same time. And the appearance of white cloud above a distant ship or train tells us, before anything is heard, that its whistle has sounded. Just how fast does sound travel through the air?
The speed of sound in the air at ordinary temperature is about 1, 100 feet per second, which is about one mile in five seconds or about 700 miles per hour. The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls with a decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.
16 “How Fast Sound Travels” can replace the original title of the passage.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 We never hear anything that happens on the sun because of the distance between the earth and the sun.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 The sound of thunder always follows the lightning flash because the sound of thunder travels more slowly through the air.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 The research of sound is important to us.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 The speed at which sound travel through the air at ordinary temperature is about 1, 100 feet per minute.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Our eyes are keener than our ears.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 The speed of sound increases with a rise in temperature.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Health Insurance
1 All insurance is a form of risk management. To deal with the unexpected risks to health through accident or illness, various types of health insurance programs have been devised. Health insurance is offered to individuals in two forms:individual plans and group plans. The insurers(供保者)may be private companies or governments. Since the early 1970s another type of health-care coverage(承保险种) has become prominent:the health maintenance organization.
2 In some countries no insurance companies offer health care because governments have taken over the entire responsibility. The United States has a combination of private and government-sponsored insurance. Some government programs are limited to specific groups within the population.
3 The purpose of health insurance is to provide protection against loss of income and to cover the expenses of hospitalization(住院) and some of its associated costs. Some policies also help the people of disability, and this will pay insured individuals should they be unable to work because of extended illnesses or permanent physical disability. Accident insurance covers sudden and unexpected injuries, while sickness insurance applies to illness or disease. There are policies that cover accidents only, while normal health insurance covers accidents as well as illness. Some policies are designed only to provide extra income during hospitalization. Many of these are known as mail-order policies, because they are sold to individuals who answer mailed requirement or reply to ads in newspapers and magazines or on television.
4 Health insurance covers a lot of costs. Some policies cover a stay in the hospital and services offered by the hospital. Surgical expense coverage provides benefits for surgery resulting from illness or accident. Beyond this, a policy may cover what are called regular medical expenses, including doctor’s fees, home nursing, diagnostic tests, and ambulance service.
23 Paragraph 1
24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3
26 Paragraph 4
A The Importance of Health Insurance
B The Definition of Health Insurance
C The Purpose of Each Kind of Health Insurance
D InSomeCountriesThere Are No Health Care
E Health Insurance Covers a Lot of Costs
F The Advantages of Health Insurance
27 The insurers of health insurance may be .
28 Accident insurance covers .
29 Sickness insurance applies to .
30 Doctor’s fees is a kind of .
A private companies or governments
B sudden and unexpected injuries
C illness or disease
D regular medical expenses
E surgical expense
F the expenses of hospitalization
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Insomnia
Insomnia is the inability to sleep restfully. It is a problem to nearly everyone at some time. A person may be awake for an hour in the middle of the night and then, next morning, feel that he hardly slept all night. Normally, worry about not getting enough sleep is the worst aspect of most insomnia. If insomnia occurs repeatedly, it is important to find its possible causes and try to correct them.
Any of large number of simple factors may make it difficult for someone to fall asleep. His mattress may be too soft or too hard. If there are too many blankets on a hot night, he may be too warm;if the mattress is too light he may feel cold during the night. The bedroom itself may be overheated or too cold. If it is not dark enough, or too noisy, this may cause difficulty in sleeping. Eating shortly before going to bed may also be responsible for insomnia. Drinks, such as tea or coffee, can also keep people awake.
Inability to fall asleep is sometimes a symptom of emotional or mental disorder.
The cause of insomnia may be easy to correct. The sufferer should check the mattress, and bedroom temperature, and make any necessary changes. He should relax for an hour or two before bedtime, perhaps by reading a book, watching television or taking a warm bath. If he wakes during the night he should try turning on the light and reading for a while. Taking warm milk and a biscuit or two may be helpful. Above all, he should try not worry about sleeplessness—when someone is tired enough he nearly always falls asleep.
31 According to the passage, insomnia is
A a serious disease.
B a common complaint.
C a sign of illness.
D an unusual problem
32 According to the passage, people who has difficulty in sleeping should sleep in
A a dark and quiet room.
B a light and warm room.
C a cold and quiet room.
D a dark and warm room.
33 According to the passage, if a person wants to fall asleep fast he shouldn’t
A eat anything during supper time.
B read any books before he goes to bed.
C watch television shortly before going to bed.
D drink anything that will keep him awake.
34 According to the passage, what is the worst aspect of insomnia?
A Watching too much television.
B Eating too much before going to bed.
C Worrying about sleeplessness.
D Reading too much at night.
35 According to the author, insomnia shouldn’t be a serious problem because
A its cause can be corrected by making oneself feel tired enough.
B doctors can cure it easily.
C some people can catch up on their sleep during the day.
D some people don’t need so much sleep.
第二篇 Mind-reading Machine
A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning what's happening in their brains.
When you look at something, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send. Cells in your brain called neurons are responsible for this processing.
The fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at.
Like cells anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using fMRI, scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen- rich blood--and therefore, which parts are working to process information.
An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images.
The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers' brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers' brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see.
In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly, related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.
36. What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?
A A small region of the brain.
B The central part of the brain.
C Neurons in the brain.
D Oxygen-rich blood.
37. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?
A Cells in your brain are called neurons.
B The more oxygen a neuron consumes, the more blood it needs.
C fMRI helps scientists to discover which parts of the brain process information.
D fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.
38. "Highlighting the areas of the brain at work" means
A "marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"
B "giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information"
C "putting the parts of the brain to work"
D "stopping the parts of the brain from working"
39. What did the researchers experiment on?
A Animals, objects, and fruits.
B Two volunteers.
C fMRI machines.
D Thousands of pictures.
40. Which of the following can be the best replacement of the title?
A The Recent Development in Science and Technology.
B Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned.
C A Technological Dream.
D Device that can Help You Calculate.
第三篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning
A device that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations in soil is being tested by UK researchers. The device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated, the scientists say. Such natural disasters arc common in countries that experience sudden, heavy rainfall, and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion.
Landslides start when a few particles of soil or rock within a slope start to move, but the early stages can be hard to spot. Following this initial movement, "slopes can become unstable in a matter of hours or minutes," says Nell Dixon at Southborough University1, UK. He says a warning system that monitors this movement "might be enough to evacuate a block of flats or clear a road, and save lives. "
The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent landslide is to watch for changes in its shape. Surveyors can do this by measuring aside directly, or sensors sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope. Slopes can. however, change shape without triggering a landslide, so either method is prone to causing false alarms. Now Dixon's team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations' caused when particles begin moving within a slope.
The device takes the form of a steel pipe dropped into a borehole in a slope. The borehole is filled in with gravel around the pipe to help transmit high-frequency vibrations generated by particles within the slope. These vibrations pass up the tube and are picked up by a sensor on the surface. Software analyses the vibration signal to determine whether a landslide may be imminent.
The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment in Newcastle2, UK. Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems. Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested, the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous Slopes.
" Locations with a significant risk of landslides could definitely benefit from a machine like this," says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. "As long as it doesn't cost too much, " But, Poulter adds that an early-warning system may not be enough on its own. "You need to have the human communication," he says. "Making systems that get warnings to those who need them can be difficult. "
41. What does "Such natural disasters" in the first paragraph refer to?
A Sudden, heavy rainfall.
B Earthquakes.
C Water erosion.
D Landslides.
42. Which of the following statements is true of landslides?
A The initial movement is hard to spot.
B They start with a movement of a few particles of soil or rock.
C They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes.
D All of the above.
43. Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides?
A Because the new device can measure the site directly.
B Because the new device can be sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground.
C Because the common methods .can cause false alarms.
D Because the common methods are useless.
44. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the device, according to Paragraph 4?
A It is filled in with gravel.
B It consists of a steel pipe.
C It is dropped into a borehole filled in with gravel.
D It is connected to a sensor on the surface.
45. According to the context, what does the word "positives" in the fifth paragraph mean?
A Positive electric charges.
B Evidences.
C Warnings.
D Predictions.
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Forms of Environmental Disease
46 . How the diseases are expressed depends on how the particular environmental agent enters the body, how it is metabolized(引起代谢)，and by what route it is excreted. The skin, lungs, liver, kidneys, and 47 . Of particular concern is the capacity of many environmental agents to cause various cancers, birth defects or spontaneous affection (through fetal exposure), and mutations(突变)in germ cells, 48 .
Environmental illnesses can be mild or severe and range from transient to chronic, depending on the doses of toxin(毒素)received. Some diseases occur abruptly at a toxic exposure, whereas the time of onset of other diseases varies after exposure. 49 . Those illnesses that occur directly after a distinct toxic exposure are usually easily identified as being environmentally or occupationally caused. If the exposure is not clear-cut or illness is delayed, however, the cause is difficult to identify, as clinical features alone are usually nonspecific. 50 . In such instances, epidemiological studies of exposed populations can help relate exposures to the illnesses they cause.
A Environmentally induced cancers, for example, commonly involve latency (潜伏期)periods of 15 to 30 years or more
B In addition, many different causes, environmental or otherwise, may produce identical illnesses
C However, the reverse is true
D nervous systems are commonly affected by different agents in different settings
E the lastnamed raising possibilities of environmentally caused genetic diseases in later generations
F Environmental diseases can affect any organ system of the body
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Taking a Nap During the Day
Medical experts say most Americans do not get 51 sleep. They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They are advising people to sleep lightly before 52 with other activities.
One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less 53 to die of heart disease. The study followed more than 2,300 Greek adults 54 about six years. Adults who rested for half an hour 55 three times a week had a 37 present lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.
Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men. They said naps might improve 56 by mitigating tension caused by work.
Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the 57 of napping for many years. They urge people to 58 work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices. They believe this reduces 59 and accidents, and 60 increases the amount of work a person can do.
Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel 61 And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is 62 you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effectiveness 63 the end of the day. But experts warn that a nap 64 last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be 65 .
51. A sweet B sound C bad D enough
52. A checking B sharing C continuing D meeting
53. A lovely B likely C fondly D finely
54. A for B at C in D with
55. A at least B at most C at last D at first
56. A ability B health C thinking D life
57. A experiment B reform C idea D way
58. A repeat B improve C change D leave
59. A work B mistakes C energy D time
60. A never B seldom C too D also
61. A ready B good C sleepy D awake
62. A all B few C any D nothing
63. A unless B while C until D during
64. A would B may C might D should
65. A helpful B difficult C easy D happy
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试理工类(B级)模拟试题(一)参考答案
1 C 2 C 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 D 7 B 8 A 9 A 10 D 11 C 12 A 13 C 14 A15 D
16 A 17 B 18 A 19 C 20 B 21 C 22 A 23 B 24 D 25 C 26 E 27 A 28 B 29 C 30 D
31 B 32 A 33 D 34 C 35 A 36 C 37 D 38 A 39 B 40 B 41 D 42 D 43 C 44 A 45 B
46 F 47 D 48 E 49 A 50 B 51D 52 C 53 B 54 A 55 A 56 B 57 C 58 D 59 B 60 D
61 C 62 A 63 C 64 D 65 B
