下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 We consume a lot more than we are able to produce.
A waste B buy C use D sell
2 It doesn't stand to reason that he would lie.
A seem logical B look pleasant C appear obvious D sound important
3 The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A denied B investigated C stressed D created
4 The chemical is deadly to rats but safe to cattle.
A fatal B hateful C good D useful
5 Please let me know if any problems arise.
A become B occur C come D find
6 Just before taking off, the pilot once more asked about weather conditions.
A inquired B demanded C requested D required
7 The little girls were commended for their wonderful dance presentation.
A pleased B respected C praised D recommended
8 The current edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.
A first B latest C old D special
9 Large areas of Alaskan land remain desolate due to harsh climate.
A barren B immature C inaccessible D parched
10 Fats and sugar are very rich in energy but poor in vitamins and minerals.
A low B bad C little D weak
11 It takes a lot of work to raise children.
A bring up B lift C rise D teach
12 Despite being tired, he kept on studying.
A In spite of B On account of C By way of D By means of
13 Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.
A altered B changed C bought D sold
14 There straight lines meeting at three points constitute a triangle.
A center on B come down to C consist of D form
15 The immense change of the city astonished every member of the meeting.
A bored B excited C surprised D interested
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Chain Stores
The chain store or the corporate(公司)chain is one of the most impotant retail developments in the twentieth century. Corporate chains are two or more stores that are commonly owned and controlled, sell similar lines of merchandise, have central buying and merchandising, and may often use a similar architectural pattern.
Common ownership and control is the unique feature of the chain store. Headquarters play a key role in deciding on the chain's product assortment(搭配)，placing bulk orders for the goods to get quantity discounts, distributing the goods to the individual store units, and establishing pricing, promotion, and other standard merchandising policies for the units. Finally，the chains often develop a similar architectural pattern to increase each unit's visibility and identifiability in the public eye.
The success of chain sores is based on their ability to achieve a price advantage over independent stores by moving toward high volume and low margins.
Chain stores achieve their efficiency in several ways. First, their size allows them to buy large quantities to take maximum advantage of quantity discounts and lower transportation costs. Second, the chains have been able to develop superior organizations by hiring good managers and developing special procedures in the areas of sales forecasting, inventory(存贷)control, pricing and promotion. Third, the chains are able to integrate wholesaling and retailing functions, while independent retailers have to deal with many wholesalers. Fourth, the chain get promotional economies by buying advertising that benefits all their stores and whose cost is spread over a large volume. And fifth, the chains permit their units some freedom to meet variations in consumer preferences and competition in local markets.
16 The defining feature of the corporate chain is common ownership and control.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Headquarters often play a role in training the staff for each unit.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 The failures of independent stores are due to the chain stores.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 Chain stores are designed in a similar architectural pattern for easy identification.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Chain stores'size allows them to buy large quantities to a maximum advantage of quantity discounts and lower transportation costs.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Independent retailers don't have to deal with so many wholesalers as chain stores.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Chain stores become more efficient in several ways.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Travel and Tourism
1 Remote places with strange-sounding names attract the traveller with promises of excitement, different forms of entertainment, and new kinds of food. The urge to travel is as old as civilization. Hundreds of years age. A young man from Venice named Marco Polo set out with his father for China, and his writings opened the Far East to Europeans of his time.
2 The modern travel industry is organized to meet every need and desire of the individual traveller. While travel was once an uncertain and dangerous event, it is now an easily planned adventure that has been revolutionized by great improvements in transportation, computer technology, and networks of international communication.
3 The individual traveller is concerned about where to go, how to get there, where to stay, where to eat, and what to eat. The travel industry is organized to meet these concerns in a variety of ways;travel agents and tour companies, transport companies, hotel arrangement and restaurant reservation systems, and local of national tourism boards.
4 The age of international travel was revolutionized on Oct. 26, 1958, when Pan American World Airways flew a Boeing 707 jet airplane from New York City to Paris with 123 people on board. Jets cut long-distance air travel time in half. In the following decades, the airline industry expanded greatly and used a variety of airplanes.
5 Eating out poses few problems for a tourist who speaks the language of the country that he is visiting, but menus in other languages can be confusing and frustrating. It has been suggested that menus be printed in several languages, and restaurants in many major tourist centers now follow this practice.
23 Paragraph 2
24 Paragraph 3
25 Paragraph 4
26 Paragraph 5
A Attractions of Travelling
B Language Problem When Eating Out
C Revolution Caused by Jets
D How Travellers' Concerns Are Met
E Travel Industry Today
F Travel Conditions
27 People like travelling because .
28 Compared with the past, today's travelling .
29 The flying of the Boeing 707 in 1958 marked a new stage for .
30 When you eat out the language problem is .
A remote places attract the travellers with promises of excitement
B has changed a lot
C was uncertain and dangerous
D international travel
E Jets
F confusing and frustrating
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 It's a Brand-new Century
The U. S. Treasury Department has redesigned the$100 bill, and has begun releasing the new currency recently. Treasury spent nearly 10 years on the redesign and has added a number of state-of-the-art features:microprinting(微型印刷技术), color shifting ink, a polymer(聚合物)security thread. The most striking change, however, is the enlargement of Benjamin Franklin's portrait:he now dominates the bill like a movie star in a newspaper advertisement.
The money we carry around is so familiar that whenever a new bill or coin is introduced, it creates a ripple in our ordinary lives. But not much more than a ripple, and once few people use$100 bills regularly, most Americans greet the arrival of the new note with no stronger emotion than curiosity.
Some foreigners, by contrast, have become clearly worried by the news of its arrival. Around the world，U. S. currency and the$100 bill in particular is often treated as the ulitmate repository(贮藏所)of value. The Federal Reserve estimates that two-thirds of all U. S. cash circulates outside the United States. In nations where inflation is high and where there are few credible banking institutions from Latin America to Africa people save and conduct business in$100 bills. And with the U. S. issuing new$100 bills, many abroad are worrying that the ones they already have are about to become worthless.
The fear is most widespread in Russia. The Russian Central Bank estimates that somewhere between $15 billion and $20 billion of U. S. currency is in Russia, about 80% of it is the form of $100 bills. Everyone from small savers to businessmen and members of Mafia(黑手党)relies on hundreds, so the changes in the bill are causing high anxiety. Many Russians have already changed their meager(微不足道)supply of $100 bills into smaller U. S. notes. But over the next few years the Treasury plans to redesign every note except the $1 bill.
31 Which of the following statements is true concerning the releasing of the new$100 bill?
A It has caused great disturbance among Americans.
B Most Americans show a great interest in its new design.
C All Americans feel only curious about it.
D Most Americans exhibit no stronger emotion than curiosity.
32 The fear of the new$100 bill is most widespread in those countries where
A the economic situation is unstable.
B two-thirds of all U. S. cash circulator.
C the old$100 bills will become more valuable.
D there are too many old$100 bills circulating.
33 Which of the following is true concerning U. S. currency in Russia?
A The Russian Central Bank has$15 billion to$20 billion of U. S. currency.
B 80%of the$100 bills circulating outside the U. S. currency will be devalued.
C There is a widespread fear in Russia that U. S. currency will be devalued.
D About 80% of U. S. currency in Russia is in the form of $100 bills.
34 Why have many Russians changed their$100 bills into smaller notes?
A The U. S. Treasure Department plans to redesign all notes except the $1 bill.
B They are afraid that their$100 bills will lose their value.
C Small savers, businessmen and members of the Mafia prefer smaller notes to$100 bills.
D They have only a small supply of $100 bills.
35 The redesign of the$100 bill has added all the following state-of-art features EXCEPT
A the enlargement of Benjamin Frank portrait.
B a polymer security thread.
C the portrait of a famous movie star.
D colour-shifting ink.
第二篇 Older Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease.
Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do. He calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.
The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. "The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.
Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall's idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions.
36. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?
A) Because they killed off life more easily.
B) Because they were brighter.
C) Because they were larger.
D) Because they were hotter.
37. How did Wignall calculate the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions?
A) By estimating how long they lasted.
B) By counting the dinosaurs they killed.
C) By studying the chemical composition of lava.
D) By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.
38. When did dinosaurs become extinct?
A) 300 million years ago.
B) 250 million years ago.
C) 60 million years ago.
D) 65 million years ago.
39. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning dinosaurs?
A) They were killed off by an asteroid.
B) They died of drastic climate change.
C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption.
D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial issue.
40. What is the main thesis of the article?
A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.
B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive.
C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.
D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption.
第三篇 Sauna
Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.
The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. a fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, “svusauna”, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.
Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.
Sauna is goof for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.
A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.
41. Ceremonial bathing
A. is called the sauna by Finns.
B. is equivalent to the steam bath.
C. has various forms.
D. is held in an enclosed room.
42. What is understood by some people to be the true sauna experience?
A. Saunas in underground caves.
B. Saunas with smoke.
C. Saunas using wood burning stoves.
D. Saunas using electric stoves.
43. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT
A. reducing the chance of getting cold.
B. speeding recovery.
C. relieving stress.
D. curing asthma.
44. According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because
A. pores are cleaned by sweat.
B. water is lost by sweating.
C. blood moves to the surface for heat exchange.
D. the heart pumps harder and faster.
45. Who are advised not to take a sauna?
A. Elderly people. B. Pregnant women.
C. People with heart trouble. D. All of the above.
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Economic Growth
The economy of a nation requires 46 . Total output must grow if the country is to absorb about 1. 5 million new workers who enter the labor force each year and more workers who are replaced each year as a form of technological change. If the nation produced the same level of output each year, instead of increasing it, people would have fewer jobs, growing unemployment, and a decline in the per-capita(人均的)income of the nation. To maintain or increase the existing standard of living and to prevent unemployment from rising, 47 . Higher rates of employment and substantial per-capita output gains seem to occur when the real economic growth rate is over 3%, as it was in the years 1983 through 1988. Recent experience shows that, with a real growth rate of less than 25%, the U. S. economy suffers from 48 .
For example , unemployment at the end of 1990 was 5. 4% of the labor force. But by the end of 1991, unemployment was more than 6. 6% of the labor force. Why did this happen?Simply because the real output of goods and services declined in 1991. New members into the labor force could not be absorbed, so 49 . Furthermore, a large number of workers withdrew from the labor force altogether because 50 . Instead of rising in 1991, the real GDP actually fell 0. 7%. Real GDP rose again in 1992 by 2. 6%, but unemployment also rose to 7. 3% of the labor force. GDP con~tinued to rise during 1993, gained a 3%. At the same time unemployment stood at 6. 8% of the labor force. Per-capita income also grew again during 1993.
A unemployment rose
B they were unable to find work
C a healthy rate of economic growth
D out of work
E they must increase real gross domestic product (GDP) continuously
F higher unemployment and limited gains in per-capita output and income
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
New Ideas
Iceland's President Olafur Grimsson is trying to drive carbon dioxide underground to 51 its release into the air.
Over the next two years, a team of scientists will try to 52 carbon dioxide-charged water into the rock underground. Scientist theory says this should work. The CO2 will react with the rock to form a stable mineral that remains in the 53 for millions of years.
If the experiment succeeds, Iceland could give the world a new 54 to reduce CO2 emissions.
Sigurdur Gislason, a university professor in Iceland, says his country has an 55 over other countries: "We have enormous amounts of clean 56 and a small society. You can do experiments here that you can't do anywhere else."
In an attempt to cut back on the use of air conditioners during summer, the Japanese government in 2005 57 a campaign to keep office temperatures at 28℃ degrees in summer. Men were also encouraged to change business suits for 58 wear. In other words, no more ties.
"The 59 is meant to show the government's resolve to achieve Japan's target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 6 percent," said Chief Cabinet Secretary Hiroyuki Hosoda.
The 60 has cut an estimated 79,000 tons of carbon dioxide gas emissions each year.
As the country's 2005 Energy Policy Act 61 into force this year, more Americans will be encouraged to use 62 cars and energy sources.
According to the new law, those who buy hybrid cars such as the Toyota Prius can earn tax credits; or rebates, of 63 to $2,600 a year. Homemakers can also save when they renovate, claiming tax rebates 64 up to $500 simply by fitting their homes with energy-saving insulation. If they.--65-- in solar water heating, the payoff at tax time is equal to 30 percent of the appliance's cost or a maximum of $2,000.
51 A) reduce B) narrow C) interrupt D) interfere
52 A) spread B) splash C) inject D) flow
53 A) air B) rock C) water D) soil
54 A) era B) period C) page D) way
55 A) merit B) benefit C) profit D) advantage
56 A) oil B) energy C) gas D) solar-power
57 A) mounted B) called C) opened D) held
58 A) decent B) formal C) casual D) fashionable
59 A) pledge B) move C) promise D) statement
60 A) campaign B) war C) activity D) move
61 A) makes B) takes C) bring D) comes
62 A) fast B) cheap C) expensive D) environment-friendly
63 A) under B) up C) on D) from
64 A) putting B) worth C) building D) buying
65 A) spend B) give C) invest D) donate
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)模拟试题(二)参考答案
1C 2A 3B 4A 5B 6A 7C 8B 9A 10A 11A 12A 13B 14D 15C
16A 17B 18C 19A 20A 21B 22A 23E 24D 25C 26B 27A 28B 29D 30F
31D 32D 33D 34B 35C 36A 37D 38C 39D 40B 41C 42B 43D 44A 45D
46C 47E 48F 49A 50B 51A 52C 53B 54D 55D 56B 57C 58C 59B 60A
61D 62D 63B 64B 65C
