2001 年 3 月考题
translation test (1) (30 minutes)
directions: translate the following passage into chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your answer booklet.
considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. “eventually, being ‘poor’ won’t be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.” that was bill gates talking in 1992. way back then, the microsoft chairman’s image was that of a rather harsh getword("harsh"); , libertarian-leaning fellow who proudly declare his products alone would “change the world”.
yes, even bill gates, the iconic capitalist of our day, seems to have come around. the self-assured gates of 1992 was obviously a man of his times, confident of his industry’s ability to change the world, certain that the power of markets and new technology, once unleashed, would address most of the world’s ills. but the most skeptical gates of the new millennium getword("millennium"); is someone who evinces a passion for giving and government aid. he shares a growing realization, even in the multibillionaire set, that something is amiss with the ideology that has prevailed since the end of the cold war: global-capitalism-as-panacea.
分析：
① considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. “eventually, being ‘poor’ won’t be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”
译文：我们可以体会一下同一个人在相隔八年前后的说词。 // 请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。“说到底，‘贫穷’与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里，还不如说是所拥有的技术低劣 / 拥有低劣的技术 / 技艺不精。”
考点： 转性译法：形容词 → 名词 poor→ 贫穷
比较级的用法：not as/so much a as b = not a as much b→ 肯定 b ，否定 a
eg. it is not advice as much as approval that he seeks. 与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同 / 首肯。
a matter of sth/doing sth→ 与 …… 有关的情况或问题
eg. dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience. 处理这些问题全凭经验。
正反译法：having poor skills→ 拥有低劣的技术（正译）
→ 技术不精（反译）
② that was bill gates talking in 1992.
译文：那是比尔 · 盖茨 1992 年的说词 / 说的话。
③ way back then, the microsoft chairman’s image was that of a rather harsh, libertarian-leaning fellow (who proudly declare his products alone would “change the world”.)
译文：想当年，微软公司董事长的形象雷厉风行 / 不苟言笑、天马行空 / 有自由论倾向，他得意地宣称仅靠自己的产品就能“改变世界”。
考点： chairman: permanent president of a committee, board of directors of a company, etc. 董事长
libertarian: one who believes in freedom of action and thought. 自由论者：信仰行动和思想自由的人
正反译法： harsh→ 雷厉风行（正译）
→ 不苟言笑（反译）
具体译法：成语法 harsh→ 雷厉风行；不苟言笑
libertarian-leaning→ 天马行空
定语从句的翻译：重复法
④ yes, even bill gates, the iconic capitalist of our day, seems to have come around.
译文：诚然如此，即使身为当代资本家楷模 / 典范的比尔 • 盖茨，也似乎改变了想法 // 似乎也不可能一成不变。
考点： icon: one who is the object of great attention and devotion; an idol: 偶像
转性译法：形容词 → 名词 iconic→ 偶像
正反译法： come around→ 改变了想法（正译）
→ 不可能一成不变（反译）
⑤ the self-assured gates of 1992 was obviously a man of his times, confident of his industry’s ability to change the world, certain that the power of markets and new technology, once unleashed, would address most of the world’s ills.
译文： 1992 年那个踌躇满志的盖茨显然是属于那个时代的，他坚信他从事的行业有能力改变这个世界，（坚信）市场和新技术的能量一旦得到释放，就可以解决世上大多数问题。
考点： 增词译法： confident of→ （他）坚信
his industry→ 他（从事）的行业
转性译法：名词 → 动词 his industry’s ability→ 他从事的行业有能力
形容词 → 动词 confident, certain→ 坚信
unleash: set off address: deal with ill: problem
⑥ but the most skeptical gates of the new millennium is someone (who evinces a passion for giving and government aid.)
译文：但新千年盖茨对此持怀疑态度，热衷于施舍和政府援助。
考点： skeptical→ 偏向于不相信
suspicious→ 偏向于相信
evince: show or demonstrate clearly; manifest.
eg. he evinced great sorrow. → 他表示遗憾。
his conversation evinces great courage. → 他的谈话显示了很大的勇气。
句式转换：形容词短语 → 主谓短语 the most skeptical gates→ 盖茨对此持怀疑态度
转性译法：名词 → 动词 passion→ 热衷于
定语从句的翻译：省略法
⑦ he shares a growing realization, even in the multibillionaire set, that something is amiss with the ideology (that has prevailed since the end of the cold war: global-capitalism-as-panacea.)
译文：即便拥有数十亿资产 // 即便已成为亿万富翁，盖茨越来越意识到冷战结束以来盛行的意识形态即 / ——“全球资本主义是万灵药”是欠缺的 / 不完善的 / 一定有不当之处。
考点： 转性译法：名词 → 动词 realization→ 意识到 end→ 结束
形容词 → 副词 growing→ 越来越
介词 → 动词 in→ 拥有；成为
形容词 → 名词 amiss→ 不当之处
multibillion→< 英 > 数万亿的 < 美 > 数十亿的
set: position; situation
amiss: not perfect
错误程度： blunder>bumble>falsity>balk(baulk)>slip （谈话或写作中的小错误）>foible
过失程度： clanger>gaffe>misfeasance （不法行为；不当行为） >misstep （失足） >lapse>defect>demerit>blame
定语从句的翻译：前置 后置法
translations test (2) (30 minutes)
directions: translate the following passage into english and write your version in the corresponding space in your answer booklet.
长期以来，科学与艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学与千里之外。
许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。相反，热爱自然科学并且理解工程技术的文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。
艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之，原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的数学公式。其实，撇开数学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏的。这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。
分析：
① 长期以来，科学与艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学与千里之外。
译文： for a long time, the relationship between science and art has been that of partial /one-sided enthusiasm. that is, science is passionately in love with art while art is arrogant and unapproachable to science/ gives science the cold shoulder/keeps away from science.
考点： 转性译法：动词 → 名词 热恋着 →passionately in love with
俗语的翻译
② 许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。
译文： many great scientists love art fondly and cherish it//cherish and appreciate art, from which they derive rich nourishment so as to cultivate their noble spirit/loftiness/moral force or get the greatest comfort from life.
考点： 断句译法
定语从句的译法：省略法
表示“熟练”的讲法： be good at / proficient, skilled, expert, masterly, adept, adroit getword("adroit"); , versed, practised, accomplished in
③ 相反，（热爱自然科学并且理解工程技术的）文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。
译文： conversely/on the contrary, a literary artist who loves natural science and understands engineering technology is regarded as a rarity of rarities.
考点： 定语从句的翻译：前置法
④ 艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之，原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的数学公式。
译文： one of the reasons why artists stand in awe// are filled with awe before natural science and keep respectfully aloof from it lies in a lot of abstruse/ambiguous mathematical formulas in natural science.
考点： 定语从句的翻译
意译：一大堆 → a lot of> a huge stack
“高深的”： abstract, ambiguous, obscure, recondite, vague, esoteric getword("esoteric"); , arcane, occult, mysterious, perplexing, incomprehensible, unfathomable, profound, remote, subtle 黑体为正反译法的反译
⑤ 其实，撇开数学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏的。
译文： to be frank, if we leave aside mathematics and bypass/detour/go round/ round the abundant formulas, the basic principles/essence of the discipline (of natural science) are understandable and appreciable// we can understand and appreciate the basic principles/essence of the discipline.
考点： 增词译法：增加主语和连词 撇开数学 →(if we) leave aside mathematics
增加定语 一门学科 →the discipline (of natural science)
⑥ 这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。
译文一： this is the similar case when the main melody can resonate powerfully/evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of mozart’s musical pieces.
译文二： this is the similar case when we are able to give a passionate response to its main melody and great admire the music although we are ignorant of/read nothing of the score of mozart’s musical pieces.
考点： 正反译法：看不懂 →be ignorant of （正译）
→read nothing of/not understand
转性译法：动词 → 名词 看不懂 →disability to understand
换序译法
