无序hashset与hashmap让其有序
区别
Hashtable
Hashmap
继承、实现
Hashtable<K,V> extends Dictionary<K,V> implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable,Serializable
HashMap<K,V> extends AbstractMap<K,V>?implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable,Serializable
?
线程同步
已经同步过的可以安全使用
未同步的,可以使用Colletcions进行同步Map?Collections.synchronizedMap(Map?m)
对null的处理
?
Hashtable table = new Hashtable();
table.put(null, "Null");
table.put("Null", null);
table.contains(null);
table.containsKey(null);
table.containsValue(null);
后面的5句话在编译的时候不会有异常,可在运行的时候会报空指针异常具体原因可以查看源代码
public synchronized V put(K key, V value) {
???? // Make sure the value is not null
? if (value == null) {
???? ??? throw new NullPointerException();
}
HashMap map = new HashMap();
map.put(null, "Null");
map.put("Null", null);
map.containsKey(null);
map.containsValue(null);
以上这5条语句无论在编译期,还是在运行期都是没有错误的.
在HashMap中,null可以作为键,这样的键只有一个;可以有一个或多个键所对应的值为null。当get()方法返回null值时,即可以表示 HashMap中没有该键,也可以表示该键所对应的值为null。因此,在HashMap中不能由get()方法来判断HashMap中是否存在某个键,而应该用containsKey()方法来判断。
增长率
???protected void rehash() {
????? int oldCapacity = table.length;
????? Entry[] oldMap = table;
????? int newCapacity = oldCapacity * 2 + 1;
????? Entry[] newMap = new Entry[newCapacity];
????? modCount++;
????? threshold = (int)(newCapacity * loadFactor);
????? table = newMap;
????? for (int i = oldCapacity ; i-- > 0 ;) {
????? ??? for (Entry<K,V> old = oldMap[i] ; old != null ; ) {
?????????? Entry<K,V> e = old;
?????????? old = old.next;
?????????? int index = (e.hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % newCapacity;
?????????? e.next = newMap[index];
?????????? newMap[index] = e;
????? ??? }
????? }
??? }
?
void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {
????? Entry<K,V> e = table[bucketIndex];
??????? table[bucketIndex] = new Entry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);
??????? if (size++ >= threshold)
??????????? resize(2 * table.length);
??? }
?
哈希值的使用
HashTable直接使用对象的hashCode,代码是这样的:
public?synchronized?booleancontainsKey(Object key) {
????? Entry tab[] = table;
??????int?hash = key.hashCode();
??????int?index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
??????for?(Entry<K,V> e = tab[index] ; e !=?null?; e = e.next) {
????? ????if?((e.hash == hash) && e.key.equals(key)) {
???????????return?true;
????? ??? }
????? }
??????return?false;
??? }
HashMap重新计算hash值,而且用与代替求模
????? public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
????? ??????? Object k = maskNull(key);
????? ??????? int hash = hash(k.hashCode());
????? ??????? int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
????? ??????? Entry e = table[i];
????? ??????? while (e != null) {
????? ??????????? if (e.hash == hash && eq(k, e.key))
????? ??????????????? return true;
????? ??????????? e = e.next;
????? ??????? }
????? ??????? return false;
????? ??? }
?
?
?
?
?
?
?