Spring 中的scope prototype与simpleton的区别
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鄙人做了一个实验,用以说明他们的区别:
首先在applicationContext.xml文件中:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
???????????? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
???????????? xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
???????????? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
?????? xsi:schemaLocation="
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans??????????
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop?????
??????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="scopeSample" init-method="doInit" scope="prototype">
<!--
<bean id="scopeSample" init-method="doInit" scope="simpleton(或者什么都不写,默认就是simpleton)">
-->
?? <constructor-arg value="first.."></constructor-arg>
??? <constructor-arg value="second.."></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean id="scopeSample2" init-method="doInit">
<property name="name" value="xuhui"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
在ScopeSample.java中:
package Spring.t02;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class ScopeSample {
private String first;
private String second;
public String getFirst() {
?? return first;
}
public void setFirst(String first) {
?? this.first = first;
}
public String getSecond() {
?? return second;
}
public void setSecond(String second) {
?? this.second = second;
}
public ScopeSample(String first, String second) {
?? System.out.println(" two arguments constructor.....");
?? this.first = first;
?? this.second = second;
}
public ScopeSample() {
?? System.out.println(" no argument constructor.....");
??
}
public ScopeSample(String first) {
??
?? this.first = first;
?? System.out.println(" one argument constructor.....");
}
public void doInit(){
?? System.out.println("init .....");
}
public void doDestroy(){
?? System.out.println(" destroy.....");
}
?? public static void main(String[]args){
??? ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
?????ScopeSample s1=(ScopeSample)??? ac.getBean("scopeSample");
????? ScopeSample s2=(ScopeSample)??? ac.getBean("scopeSample");//当sope为prototype的时候会调用两次构造方法,
????? System.out.println("s1==s2?"+(s1==s2));
???
?? }
}
在ScopeSample2.java当中:
package Spring.t02;
public class ScopeSample2 {
private String name="";
public void setName(String name) {
?? this.name = name;
}
public ScopeSample2(String name) {
?? super();
?? this.name = name;
?? System.out.println(" ScopeSample2 one arg construtctor .... ");
}
public ScopeSample2() {
??
?? super();
?? System.out.println(" ScopeSample2 no arg construtctor .... ");
?? // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public void doInit(){
?? System.out.println(this.getClass()+" init....");
}
}
当 scope类型是simpleton的时候:
运行ScopeSample.java输出结果:
two arguments constructor.....
init .....
ScopeSample2 no arg construtctor ....
class Spring.t02.ScopeSample2 init....
s1==s2?true
当scope类型为prototype类型的时候,运行结果是:
ScopeSample2 no arg construtctor ....
class Spring.t02.ScopeSample2 init....
two arguments constructor.....
init .....
two arguments constructor.....
init .....
s1==s2?false
这两次运行结果比较可以总结:
当 scope是simpleton的时候, 那么Spring IOC容器中只会存在一个共享的bean实例,并且所有对bean的请求,只要id与该bean定义相匹配,则只会返回bean的同一实例。换言之,当把 一个bean定义设置为singleton作用域时,Spring IOC容器只会创建该bean定义的唯一实例。
所以虽然在ScopeSmaple.java中调用了两次getBean但只调用了一次构造方法和init方法
当scope是prototype 的时候,每一次请求获得Bean的时候(即调用geiBean方法的时候)就创建一次对象(即调用构造方法),并调用init方法。
两者的区别还有一点:
我们看到上面两个例子的输出顺序也不一样,注意在加载applicationContext.xml 文件的时候
scope=simpleton(默认情况下)的时候不用请求获得bean就会调用构造方法创建对象,
但是scope=prototype的时候请求获得bean的时候才会去创建对象