使用Dom4j操作XML(比较全)
????? Dom4j也可以很方便完成XML文档的创建、元素的修改、文档的查询遍历等,但dom4j稍比jdom复杂一点,不过在大片文档的情况下dom4j的性能要不jdom好。
?准备
首先,提供相关的jar包
Dom4j jar包下载:
?http://sourceforge.net/projects/dom4j/files/dom4j-2.0.0-ALPHA-2/
jaxen jar下载:
?http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/jaxen/jaxen/1.1.1/jaxen-1.1.1.jar
和dom4j依赖或相关的jar:
?http://dom4j.sourceforge.net/dependencies.html
Junit-jar下载:
?http://ebr.springsource.com/repository/app/bundle/version/download? name=com.springsource.org.junit&version=4.8.1&type=binary
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其次,准备测试案例的部分代码:
package com.hoo.test; import java.io.File;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import org.dom4j.Attribute;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.Node;import org.dom4j.QName;import org.dom4j.dom.DOMAttribute;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import org.dom4j.tree.BaseElement;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test; /** * <b>function:</b> 使用Dom4j操作XML * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-5 下午06:15:40 * @file DocumentTest.java * @package com.hoo.test * @project Dom4jTest * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo * @email hoojo_@126.com * @version 1.0 */public class DocumentTest { private SAXReader reader = null; @Before public void init() { reader = new SAXReader(); } @After public void destory() { reader = null; System.gc(); } public void fail(Object o) { if (o != null) System.out.println(o); }}# 创建一篇XML文档 文档格式如下: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <catalog> <!--An XML Catalog--> <?target instruction?> <journal title="XML Zone" publisher="IBM developerWorks"> <article level="Intermediate" date="December-2001"> <title>Java configuration with XML Schema</title> <author> <firstname>Marcello</firstname> <lastname>Vitaletti</lastname> </author> </article> </journal> </catalog> 创建文档代码如下: /** * <b>function:</b>创建文档 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-5 下午06:18:18 */@Testpublic void createDocument() { //创建一篇文档 Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument(); //添加一个元素 Element root = doc.addElement("catalog"); //为root元素添加注释 root.addComment("An XML Catalog"); //添加标记 root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction"); //创建元素 Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal"); //添加属性 journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone"); journalEl.addAttribute("publisher", "IBM developerWorks"); root.add(journalEl); //添加元素 Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article"); articleEl.addAttribute("level", "Intermediate"); articleEl.addAttribute("date", "December-2001"); Element titleEl = articleEl.addElement("title"); //设置文本内容 titleEl.setText("Java configuration with XML Schema"); //titleEl.addText("Java configuration with XML Schema"); Element authorEl = articleEl.addElement("author"); authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello"); authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti"); //可以使用 addDocType() 方法添加文档类型说明。 doc.addDocType("catalog", null,"file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd"); fail(doc.getRootElement().getName()); //将xml转换成文本 fail(doc.asXML()); //写入到文件 /*XMLWriter output; try { output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml"))); output.write(doc); output.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }*/}
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* DocumentHelper是一个文档助手类(工具类),它可以完成文档、元素、文本、属性、注释、CDATA、 Namespace、XPath的创建,以及利用XPath完成文档的遍历和将文本转换成Document;
parseText完成将xml字符串转换成Doc的功能
Document doc = DocumentHelper.parseText("<root></root>");
createDocument创建一个文档
Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
如果带参数就会创建一个带有根元素的文档
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createElement创建一个元素
Element el = DocumentHelper.createElement("el");
* Document的addElement方法可以给当前文档添加一个子元素
Element root = doc.addElement("catalog");
* addComment方法可以添加一段注释
root.addComment("An XML Catalog");
为root元素添加一段注释
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* addProcessingInstruction添加一个标记
root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");
为root元素添加一个标记
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* new BaseElement可以创建一个元素
Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal");
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* addAttribute添加属性
journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");
* add添加一个元素
root.add(journalEl);
将journalEl元素添加到root元素中
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* addElement添加一个元素,并返回当前元素
Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article");
给journalEl元素添加一个子元素article
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* setText、addText可以设置元素的文本
authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello");authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");
* addDocType可以设置文档的DOCTYPE
doc.addDocType("catalog", null,file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd);
* asXML可以将文档或元素转换成一段xml字符串
doc.asXML();root.asXML();
* XMLWriter类可以把文档写入到文件中
output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml")));output.write(doc);output.close();
/** * <b>function:</b> 修改XML内容 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:37:04 */@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")@Testpublic void modifyDoc() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml")); //修改属性内容 List list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@level"); Iterator<Attribute> iter = list.iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { Attribute attr = iter.next(); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText()); if ("Intermediate".equals(attr.getValue())) { //修改属性值 attr.setValue("Introductory"); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText()); } } list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@date"); iter = list.iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { Attribute attr = iter.next(); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText()); if ("December-2001".equals(attr.getValue())) { //修改属性值 attr.setValue("December-2011"); fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText()); } } //修改节点内容 list = doc.selectNodes("//article"); Iterator<Element> it = list.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { Element el = it.next(); fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue()); //修改title元素 Iterator<Element> elIter = el.elementIterator("title"); while(elIter.hasNext()) { Element titleEl = elIter.next(); fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue()); if ("Java configuration with XML Schema".equals(titleEl.getTextTrim())) { //修改元素文本值 titleEl.setText("Modify the Java configuration with XML Schema"); fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue()); } } } //修改节点子元素内容 list = doc.selectNodes("//article/author"); it = list.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { Element el = it.next(); fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue()); List<Element> childs = el.elements(); for (Element e : childs) { fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue()); if ("Marcello".equals(e.getTextTrim())) { e.setText("Ayesha"); } else if ("Vitaletti".equals(e.getTextTrim())) { e.setText("Malik"); } fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue()); } } //写入到文件 /*XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml"))); output.write(doc); output.close();*/ } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}?
* reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));读取指定xml文件内容到文档中;
* selectNodes是XPath的查询方法,完成xml文档的查询,传递xpath路径。其使用方法可以参考jdom的xpath的使用方法:
???? http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/08/11/2134638.html
* getName获取元素标签名称、getValue、getText获取值、文本内容;
* elementIterator("title");获取当前节点下所有的title元素,返回Iterator;
* elements获取下面所有的子元素,返回的是一个集合List;
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# 显示文档相关信息
private String format(int i) { String temp = ""; while (i > 0) { temp += "--"; i--; } return temp;} /** * <b>function:</b>递归显示文档内容 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:43:45 * @param i * @param els */private void print(int i, List<Element> els) { i++; for (Element el : els) { fail(format(i) + "##" + el.getName() + "#" + el.getTextTrim()); if (el.hasContent()) { print(i, el.elements()); } }} /** * <b>function:</b>显示文档相关信息 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:44:10 */@Testpublic void printInfo() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml")); fail("asXML: " + doc.asXML()); fail(doc.asXPathResult(new BaseElement("article"))); List<Node> list = doc.content(); for (Node node : list) { fail("Node: " + node.getName() + "#" + node.getText() + "#" + node.getStringValue()); } fail("-----------------------------"); print(0, doc.getRootElement().elements()); fail("getDocType: " + doc.getDocType()); fail("getNodeTypeName: " + doc.getNodeTypeName()); fail("getPath: " + doc.getRootElement().getPath()); fail("getPath: " + doc.getRootElement().getPath(new BaseElement("journal"))); fail("getUniquePath: " + doc.getRootElement().getUniquePath()); fail("getXMLEncoding: " + doc.getXMLEncoding()); fail("hasContent: " + doc.hasContent()); fail("isReadOnly: " + doc.isReadOnly()); fail("nodeCount: " + doc.nodeCount()); fail("supportsParent: " + doc.supportsParent()); } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } fail("getEncoding: " + reader.getEncoding()); fail("isIgnoreComments: " + reader.isIgnoreComments()); fail("isMergeAdjacentText: " + reader.isMergeAdjacentText()); fail("isStringInternEnabled: " + reader.isStringInternEnabled()); fail("isStripWhitespaceText: " + reader.isStripWhitespaceText()); fail("isValidating: " + reader.isValidating());}
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# 删除文档内容
/** * <b>function:</b> 删除节点内容 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2011-8-9 下午03:47:44 */@Testpublic void removeNode() { try { Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml")); fail("comment: " + doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()")); //删除注释 doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()")); Element node = (Element) doc.selectSingleNode("//article"); //删除属性 node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory")); //删除元素 节点 node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//title")); //只能删除下一级节点,不能超过一级;(需要在父元素的节点上删除子元素) Node lastNameNode = node.selectSingleNode("//lastname"); lastNameNode.getParent().remove(lastNameNode); fail("Text: " + doc.selectObject("//*[text()='Ayesha']")); Element firstNameEl = (Element)doc.selectObject("//firstname"); fail("Text: " + firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()")); //删除text文本 //firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()")); //firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//firstname/text()")); firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//*[text()='Ayesha']/text()")); //删除子元素author //node.remove(node.selectSingleNode("//author")); fail(doc.asXML()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}
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* 删除注释
doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));
删除root元素下面的注释
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* 删除属性
node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory"));
删除node节点中的名称为level,其值为Introductory的属性
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* 删除元素
node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//title"));
删除node节点下的title元素
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* 删除文本
firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//firstname/text()"));firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));
删除firstNameEl的文本内容