TOEFL-IELTS 高频写作真题: 电影电视
Movies and TV Influence People's Behavior
2012-12-02 Oneline Writing Lab. 谢振礼老师
ielts360toefl@hotmail.com Jeenn Lee Hsieh 答题
托福真题 Essay Topic:
>Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Movies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on young people's behavior. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
实验范文 Example Writing:
Do movies and television influence the way people behave? Certainly they do, and who will argue otherwise? Here, refuting two common fallacies, our logical claims intend to focus on the assumption that there are more good effects than ill effects on the audience, including children and teenagers, of course.
Fallacy No. 1: Myths about Evils. Largely being fiction about myths for entertainment, most films and television programs are meant to influence people in the positive context. Some are designed to make the audience think; others are designed primarily to amuse; and probably none are designed to encourage evil-doing. Besides the emotional impacts, reducing stress and killing free time, there is something deeper about them that shape our minds and hence change our behaviors. In light of this, our participation in that kind of popular media may help alter the consciousness of society, either for good or ill, depending on the myths portrayed. Accordingly, it is groundless to think that we are always exploited negatively by the entertainment seen on the screen.
Fallacy No. 2 about Rising Crime Rates. Because of cinema's persuasive power, it is easy to blame movies and television (along with other media outlets) for imprudently showing violent scenes against a landscape of rising crime rates. At this point, we should consider, for a moment, that the like of many of those criminal minds had existed long long before cinema was ever invented. This means that the message of cinema today is far from leading the average person, young or old, to commit a crime, and that a good film or TV program usually has a unique ability to influence the popular culture with a "moral" ending (like poetic justice?) tinkering around inside our brains that are supposed to be able to distinguish right from wrong. In fact, there are no evidence to prove the direct relationships between crime rates and cinema consumption. Is anybody so naive as to believe that most criminals may enjoy watching television more often or, on the contrary, most innocent people may not go to movies as often? Who is kidding who?
On the whole, it makes sense to think that the impacts of movies and television should be considered as more positive than negative on the audience of all ages, young people in particular. To paraphrase Walt Disney: "Movies can and do have tremendous influence in shaping young lives in the realm of entertainment towards the ideals and objectives of normal adulthood". Therefore, the bottom line is how to incorporate logical behaviors in all our films and TV series. (Essay created by Jeenn Lee Hsieh,ielts360toefl@hotmail.com )
》猫头鹰在线写作实验室：
回忆有关电视电影方面的话题重复出现雅思-托福 (Writing Topics)。不是每一题都类似，因为问题的角度不同，焦点也不同。举例：
高频率真题IELTS>How do movies or television influence people's behavior? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
高频率真题TOEFL>How do movies and television influence the way young people behave? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
》特别从老托福TWE185题库中挑出几道联想题。
TOEFL>No. 7 (out of 185) How do movies or television influence people's behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
TOEFL>No. 57 (out of 185) Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TOEFL>No. 96 (out of 185) People have different ways of escape the stress and difficulties of modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use specific reasons and examples in your answer.
TOEFL>No. 150 (out of 185) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Watching television is bad for children. Use specific examples and details to support your answer.
TOEFL>No. 180 (out of 185) Movies are popular all over the world. Explain why movies are popular. Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
TOEFL>No. 183 (out of 185) Films can tell us a lot about the countries where they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies? Use specific examples and details to support your answer.
》猫头鹰复习讲义：电视+电影 (参考谢振礼发表的多篇实验解答，包挂原创范文8036 暴力电影，5129 电影风行，5020 严肃电影。)答题的心图：开头三句话：主题 焦点 指标。结尾三句话：指标 焦点 主题。猫头鹰一向实验大胆提出立场，申论主题。这一篇原创‘电影电视’(编号5460)写法一边倒，支持自己的立场：影视的影响，正面远多于负面。反正论说文并没有既定的标准答案，仅仅要求符合答案标准，也就是评分标准。说穿了，托福写作(或雅思写作)的游戏只不过是【英文造句】+【逻辑论证】。
1. 主题--开头第一句【申论主题】：议论文开宗明义，起段首句一语道破，直截了当的摆出立场(表明观点)，所以开头第一句就申论主题。白居易说“首句标其目”(《新乐府序》)。这个“目”想来就是主题，其功用在主宰全文的发展。(托福-雅思写作考试有考题，针对题目回答就产生主题。)
2. 焦点--开头第二句【集中焦点】：主题的话题范围偏大，必须把范围缩小成为焦点。
3. 指标--开头第三句【话分两头】：从主题的焦点，刻意地一分为二，引出主体(承+转)两段的指标，作为招牌句‘topic sentence’。两段分别论证。
--自圆其说：结尾三句话：1. 指标 2. 焦点 3. 主题。
中体两段的招牌句将复合与结尾的第一句：【二合为一】。合段第二句【还原焦点】，第三句【重申主题】。(结尾三句话的话题从小而大，正好与开头三句话的次序颠倒，好像倒影。全文针对焦点，支持主题。起承转合=360度。)
--前呼后应：开头前呼结尾;结尾后应开头。起中有合;合中有起。
--承转并立：承=招牌句+(?)支持句。转=招牌句+(?)支持句。(?=大约5 句话)。
--来龙去脉：中体来龙自开头第三句话【话分两头】，去脉到结尾第一句话【二合为一】。承段+转段=来去有踪(并非空穴来风)。
