Prep2012-Pack1-CR-041 VCR003936 Medium
Sonya: The government of Copeland is raising the cigarette tax. Copeland's cigarette prices will still be reasonably low, so cigarette consumption will probably not be affected much. Consequently, government revenue from the tax will increase.
Raoul: True, smoking is unlikely to decrease, because Copeland's cigarette prices will stil not be high. They will, however, no longer be the lowest in the region, so we might begin to see substantial illegal sales of smuggled cigarettes in Copeland.
Raoul responds to Sonya's argument by doing which of the following?
A. Questioning the support for Sonya's conclusion by distinguishing carefully between no change and no decrease
B. Calling Sonya's conclusion into question by pointing to a possible effect of a certain change
C. Arguing that Sonya's conclusion would be better supported if Sonya could cite a precedent for what she predicts will happen
D. Showing that a cause that Sonya claims will be producing a certain effect is not the only cause that could produce that effect
E. Pointing out that a certain initiative is not bold enough to have the effect that Sonya predicts it will have
Prep2012-Pack1-CR-042 VCR003964 Medium
In Berinia, the age at which people could begin to drink alcohol legally used to be 18. In 1990, in an attempt to reduce alcohol consumption and thereby to reduce alcohol-related traffic deaths among Berinlans under 21, the legal drinking age was raised to 21. Alcohol-related traffic deaths among people under 21 have decreased significantly since 1990. Nevertheless, surveys show that people in that age-group drink just as much alcohol as they did before 1990.
Which of the following, if true of Berinia, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy?
A. For the population as a whole, annual alcohol consumption is no lower now than it was in 1990.
B. Alcohol consumption away from home, for example in bars and restaurants, is much lower among people under 21 than it was in 1990.
C. The proportion of people under 21 who own a car is higher now than it was in 1990.
D. Alcohol consumption is lower among people under 21 than among adults in most other age-groups.
E. Alcohol-related deaths among people over 21 have increased since 1990.
