请注意区别以下动词：
1)rise 不及物动词 (起立;上升，高耸;浮现)
The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell.
The tower rises to a height of 70 feet.
An idea rises in my mind.
2)raise 及物动词 (举起;养育;提高;召集)
If you have any questions， please raise your hands.
When Father was in the army， Mother had a hard time raising three children.
The management promised to raise the workers'salary after the negotiation.
He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation.
3)arise 不及物动词 (升起;出现;由…引起)
Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain.
New problems arise when old ones are solved.
His illness arose from malnutrition.
4)arouse 及物动词 (唤醒;激起，引起)
The noise outside aroused him from sleep.
The music aroused a feeling of homesickness in him.
floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他语言环境中，floor当然有其他的意思。如;
1)He lives on the seventh floor.(他住在7楼。)
2)The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter.(冬天时，木地板给我温暖的感觉。)
3)He was given the floor at the meeting.(他在会上得到了发言权。)
4)He decided to floor the kitchen with plastic tiles.(他决定用塑料砖铺厨房地面。)
12.The tops of a few of the mountains reach up above the sea and make island
top 在句中做名词用，意思是“顶部，山顶”。例如：
1)He was the first to climb to the top of the hill.(他第一个爬上山顶。)
2)When we stand on the top of the mountain，the whole city is in sight.(我们站在山顶时，整个城市尽收眼底)
请翻译下面的句子，注意top的词类和意思：
1)He shouted at the top of his voice.(他放声高叫。)-n.
2)He is running at the top of his speed.(他正以最快的速度奔跑。)-n.
3)He is the top student in the class.(他是班上的尖子学生。)-adj.
4)This is the top news of the week.(这是本周的头条新闻。)-adj.
5)His father is a top diplomatic advisor.(他父亲是高级外交顾问。)-adj.
6)Mother is going to top the cake with cream.(妈妈准备在蛋糕上浇奶油。)-v.
7)He tops his father by half a head.(他比父亲高出半个头。)-v.
8)She needs a new skirt to match her top.(她需要一条新裙子配她的上衣。)-n.
与top有关的词组：
come out top(名列前茅) come out on top(出人头地) from top to bottom(从上到下，彻底地) from top to toe(从头到脚;完全) on top of the world(非常幸福;心满意足)
13.Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea.
called the Sargasso Sea 是修饰ocean的定语从句，在其前省去了which is.
请看下面的例句：
1)Opportunities are often thing (that) you have not noticed the first time around.
(机会常常是第一次出现时没有被人们注意到的东西。)
2)There is much (that) the little boy can do.(有许多是那小男孩能做。)
3)He is the right person (that) I want to discuss the problem with.(他正是我想与其讨论这个问题的人。)
14.In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were.
days常常指“时期，时代”，有时也表示“一生;生命”。请看例句：
1)In his boyhood days， he often went swimming and fishing with his friends.(在他的童年时代，他常常和伙伴们一起游泳，钓鱼。)
2)In the days of Queen Victoria， the British colony expanded rapidly.(在维多利亚女王时代，英国殖民地迅速扩张。)
3)He has experienced a lot of hardships in his days.(他一生中吃了许多苦。)
crew是一个集合名词，指“全体船员”，后面的谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，此句中谓语动词用的是复数were，因为从句子中可以推断出是许多vessels(船)上的船员。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed.
15.The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores.
furnish sth. to sb. 意思是“为…提供”，我们同样可以用furnish sb. with sth.来表达这个意思。例如：
They furnished blankets and food to the refugees.(他们为难民供应毯子和食物。)
No one expected that he would furnish the information to the opponent.(谁也没有料到他会把消息提供给对手。)
Luckily， they have furnished us with a car and all the necessary maps.(幸运的是他们为我们提供了一辆汽车和所有必要的地图。)
16.One of its famous fishing regions， the Grand Banks， is near Newfoundland.
the Grand Banks在句子中做同位语。请看下面的例句：
1)This theory was advanced by Einstein， a famous scientist. (这个理论是由著名科学家爱因斯坦提出的。)
2)This is Mr. Benjamin， dean of our department.(这是我们系主任本杰明先生。)
3)Qinghai Lake， the largest inland body of salt water in China， lies 3，198 metres above sea-level.(中国最大的内陆咸水湖青海湖海拔3，198米。)
本课主要词组及句型
词组：
1.separate from 2.keep sb. from doing sth.
3.be unwilling to do sth. 4.between A and B
5.make sth unusual 6.so…that
7.dry up 8.on the average
9.rise from 10.furnish sth for sb.
11.pile up 12.from…to
句型：
A.定语从句：
1)The Atlantic is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.
2)Ocean currents affect the climates of the land near which they flow.
B.表语从句：
1)One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。
2)Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.
C.结果状语从句：
1)There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is.
2)We now have such fast ways of travelling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller.
D.形容词的比较级和最高级：
1)The Atlantic is only half as big as the Pacific， but still it is very large.
2)It is more than 4，000 miles wide where Columbus crossed it.
3)Even at its narrowest it is about 2，000 miles wide.
4)Also， it is the world's saltiest ocean.
5)The deepest spot is near Puerto Rico.
E.be one of+复数名词
The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.
F.it takes sb. some time to do sth.
It would take the ocean about 4，000 years to dry up.
地理名称
1.(七)大洲和(四)大洋
Asia (亚洲) Europe(欧洲) Africa(非洲) North America(北美洲)
South America(南美洲) Oceania (大洋洲) the Antarctic(南极洲)
The Atlantic(大西洋) the Pacific(太平洋) the Indian(印度洋) the Arctic(北冰洋)
2.常用词
continent (大陆) continental shelf(大陆架) subcontinent(次大陆) iceberg(冰山)
mountain range(山脉) volcano(火山) delta (三角洲) waterfall(瀑布)
gulf(海湾) straits; channel(海峡) coast line (海岸线) beach(海滩)
3.大西洋之最
1)The Atlantic is the second largest ocean in the world
2)The Atlantic is the saltiest ocean in the world
3)Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest in the Atlantic Ocean.
4)Gulf Stream is the strongest warm water current in the Atlantic Ocean.
5)The Grand Banks near Newfoundland is the most prosperous fishing region in the world.
6)The drainage area of the Atlantic is four times that of the Pacific or the Indian.
2.主要属海和岛屿
the Mississippi 密西西比河 the Hudson 哈得逊河 the Amazon 亚马逊河
the Congo 刚果河 Baffin Bay 巴芬湾 the Nigeria 尼日利亚河
the Rhine 莱茵河 the Caribbean Sea 加勒比海 the Mexican Gulf 墨西哥湾
the Hudson Bay 哈得逊湾 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the Black Sea 黑海
the North Sea 北海 the Baltic Sea 波罗的克海 Iceland 冰岛
Greenland 格陵兰岛 Faeroe Islands 法罗群岛 Shetland Islands 设得兰岛
Bermudas 百慕大群岛 Azores 亚速尔群岛 Grenada 格陵纳达岛
Antilles 安的列斯群岛 Trinidad Islands 特里尼达群岛 Malvinas Islands 马尔维纳斯群岛
Bahamas 巴哈马群岛
Text B The Moon
短语表达
1.tie to(与…联系在一起;使束缚于…)
He is seriously ill and has been tied to his bed for almost a month.(他病得厉害，已经卧床近一个月了。)
Study ties smoking to many diseases.(据研究，许多疾病与抽烟有关。)
I am sorry I didn't have the time to go shopping with you. I was tied to housework.(很抱歉我没能有时间和你一起去购物，家务杂事把我拴住了。)
2.except for(除了…之外)
The room is empty except for some chairs.(房间里除了一些椅子空荡荡。)
Your composition is well written except for some spelling mistakes.(除了几处拼写错误，你的文章写的不错)
3.be near to(靠近)
The park is near to our school. Let's go boating.(公园离我们学校很近，我们去划船吧。)
The police station is near to our community. It is within walking distance.
(警察局离我们社区很近，步行就能到达。)
4.face towards(朝向)
My office is in the building that faces towards the street.(我的办公室在那座朝街的楼里。)
His new house faces towards the south.(他的新房子朝南。)
5.keep…in mind(把…记在心里)
I am not sure if he would keep what you have said in mind. (我不能肯定他是否会把你说的话记在心里。)
I will keep this in mind for future reference.(我会记住这个，供以后参考。)
6.light up(变亮;使容光焕发)
Her face lighted up when she heard the news.(听到那个消息，她面露喜色。)
His face was lighted (lit) up with excitement.(他因兴奋而满面春风。)
7.reflect(反射)
Mirrors reflect light.(镜子反射光。)
The white sand reflected the sun's heat(白沙地反射太阳的热气。)。
The light reflected from the water into my eyes.(光线投过水面反射到我眼里。)
8.…enough for sb. to do sth.(足以让某人做某事)
The room is big enough for us to have a dancing party. (这间房够大了，我们可以在里面开舞会。)
The basket is light enough for the little boy to carry.(这只篮子很轻，那个小男孩能提动。)
9.speak of(提到，说起)
I have never heard him speak of his past.(我从来没有听他提起他的过去。)
She always looks proud when she speaks of her son.(说到她的儿子她总是很自豪的样子。)
10.otherwise(不然;另外的)
He reminded me of what I might otherwise have forgotten.(他提醒了我，不然我可能会忘记那件事。)
He is a little careless， but he is otherwise quite suitable for the job.(他有点粗心，除此以外，他倒是很适合这个工作的。)
He is honest， but his twin brother is otherwise.(他很诚实，而他的孪生兄弟则不然。)
11.nothing but(仅仅，除了…之外没有什么)
There is nothing but a piece of bread in the cupboard.(食橱里除了一片面包什么也没有。)
He asked for nothing but trust.(除了信任，他什么要求都没有。)
