1 The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and use of bricks.
There are several practical reasons why bricks became important to colony.
Although the forest could __1__supply sufficient timber,the process of lumbering was extremely difficult,particularly because of the lack of roads.Later when the timber on the peninsula had depleted,wood had to be brought from some __2__.Building stone was also in __3_supply.However ,as clay was plentiful,it was __4__that the colonistwould turn to brick making.
In addition to practical reasonsfor using brick as the __5__construction material,there was also an ideological reason.Brick represented __6__and permanence.The Virginia company of London instructed the colonists to build new hospitals and new _7__out of brick.In 1662,the town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and __8__the use wood as a construction material.Had this law ever been successfully __9_,Jamestown would have been a model city.Instead,the residents failed to __10__fully with the law.And by 1699 Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.
A principal, B comply, C short, D frankly, E residence , F initially,
G installment ,H enforced, I durability, J designated, K distance ,L imply,
M prohibited, N principle, O inevitable
2 You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the World’s temperature .But ,rising sea levels__1by it have resulted in the first evacuation{撤离}of an island nation-the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century, sea level to 8-12 inches. As a result, Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has __2the century drinking water.
Panny, an official, reported to earth policy institution that the nation suffered an __3high numbers of storm in last ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperature__4 from global warming to greater and damaging water.
Panny expressed__5with the United States for refusing to sigh the Kyoto Protocol,an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas __6,which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sigh the agreement,. the US has __7taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands years.” Panny told the BBC..
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual __8of its people to both countries.
Tuvalu is not the only country that is __9to rising sea levels .Maumoon Gayoon,president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311 000 an “__10nations.”
A}exhausted I}effectively
B}move J}contributing
C}caused K}resulting
D}outlets L}emission
E}unusually M}polluted
F}vulnerable N}dissatisfaction
G}sufficiently O}valuable
H}endangered
