About International Exchange
一、分配注意力和理解能力的培养
1、目的：学习分配注意力
在语篇层次上对原语意义的理解，而不是对原文文字进行逐字逐句地翻译。
2、方法：跟读后复述出段落大意
加强语言外知识的积累，关心国内外大事，听广播、读报纸
3、要求：抓住关键信息即可，不必过多要求细节的累述
4、示范：中央电视台在“当今世界电视业的发展与合作”大会发言 (中译英)
布什总统在清华大学的演讲 (英译中)
中译英提纲：1) 广播电视交流的必要性 (举例说明)
2) 广播电视业在中国的发展
3)中央电视台在广播业中的重要地位及其改革交流举措
二、词汇、句型口译
1、词汇口译
奠定了良好基础 lay a solid foundation
主张/提倡 call for/advocate
维护民族文化的特性maintain national cultural characteristics
民族的、大众的、社会主义文化 national, mass and socialist culture
大文化broad concept/sense of culture
小文化narrow concept/sense of culture
电视广播博物馆国际理事会 International Council of the Museum of Television and Radio
跨越式地发展 develop in/by leaps and bounds
鲜明的个性特色distinctive characteristics
传播新闻与信息 disseminate news and information
普及科学知识 popularize scientific knowledge
三、口译技巧
1.词性转换
名词转化成动词﹢形容词转化成副词
The grand opening ceremony of the Chinese Culture Year is soon to be held in Paris on October 6.
中国文化年10月6日将在法国巴黎隆重开幕。
2.拆分﹢增词
随着中国综合国力的增强和国际地位的提高，中国在国际舞台上越来越令人瞩目，//外界了解中国的愿望也日益强烈，//今天的中国已经具备了“走出去”的能力。
With the improvement of its comprehensive national strength and its international status, China is now increasingly remarkable in the international arena. //Meanwhile, there is an increasingly keen desire from the outside world to learn about China. //Today China is ready to go global.
3.合并句子
改革开放不仅是中国经济建设的一项基本国策，也是中国当代文化建设的基本方针。
To reform and open up to the outside world is the basic national policy of China for the development of its economy and its contemporary culture.
美国CBS电台的总裁莱斯利·莫尼斯偕同妻子南希参加了本次会议，我引用他的话说……
President Leslie Moonies of CBS from the United States, who attended the meeting with his wife Nancy, said, and I quote:…
目前，CCTV正深化其改革，不断事实促进频道专业化的发展战略，提高节目的质量，并使之具有鲜明的个性特色，最终达到增强CCTV在国际电视媒体中的竞争力。
At present, CCTV is intensifying its reform by continuously implementing strategy of specializing TV channels, improving quality of programs and developing programs with distinctive characteristics so as to enhance CCTV competitiveness among the international television media.
4.分清并列句的逻辑关系
中国文化年是中国“走出去”战略的重要组成部分，是中国改革开放大背景下营运而生的产物，也是我国加大改革开放力度的一个具体表现。
As part of China’s strategy of “going global”, the Chinese Culture Year emerges at the right moment under the policy of reform and opening up to the outside world, and in turn it exemplifies that China is intensifying that policy. (主从逻辑关系)
文化关系在中法两国的关系中发挥着更为独特的作用，直接受到两国领导人的关注，成为两国关系的重要特征。
The cultural tie plays a unique role in China-France relation, so it is a direct concern of the leaders of both countries and a hallmark of bilateral relation. (因果逻辑关系)
hallmark 标志、特点、特征
Pessimism is the hallmark of his major novels.
悲观主义是他的几部小说的主要特征。
5.省略
Why does China choose France as its destination?
为什么选择了法国?
文化年的合作机制是混合委员会，迄今为止已经开过五次会议，讨论和决定了一系列重要事项。
The cooperative mechanism for the Culture Year is the organization of a mixed committee, which has till now held five meetings on a number of decisions. (词性转换)
6.句子转化成短语 (常见于中译英)
基辛格的看法是对的，中国近年来的电视业已有了跨越式的发展。
Indeed, as Dr. Kissinger observed, China’s television industry has developed by leaps and bounds in recent years. (主从逻辑关系)
中国中央电视台拥有12个广播频道，每天播放节目时间超过240小时。
China Central Television, or CCTV, has 12 channels broadcasting more than 240 hours of programs every day.
7.增词
在21世纪，文化在促进国际关系中的作用和地位越来越突出，各国之间的文化交流与合作更显迫切和重要。
In the 21st century, the role and status of culture is becoming more and more critical in improving the international relations, therefore it is urgently important to promote/enhance cultural exchanges and cooperation between countries. (译文中加入therefore，把前后句的因果关系表现出来)
8.抽象名词具体化
希拉克总统还积极倡导文化创新，他曾说：“尽管我不喜欢某些现代艺术，但是我认为应该尊重和鼓励艺术家的探索精神。”
President Chirac encourages people to bring forth new ideas in culture. He has once said,” Though I do not like some of the modern arts, I think that the artists are respectable for their devotion to exploring the new forms of art”.
The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here.
这所大学的水准和声誉是世人皆知的，我知道，要就读这所大学需要考出很高的成绩。
