在新托福独立写作中，“论证”这个词就是三类写作共同的特征，因此在文章的语言表达上，例如词的选择、句式结构的选择、段落的设计都和“证”息息相关，如下我们把写论证型文章常用到的开头、正文、结尾的30个句式机构做一个归纳。
开头
1.The arguer may be right about …, but he seems to neglect (fail) to mention (take into account) that fact that…
2.As opposed to (Contrary to) widely (commonly/generally) held (accepted) belief (ideas/views), I believe (argue that…
3.Although many people believe that …, I doubt (wonder) whether the argument bears much analysis (close examination).
4.The advantages of B outweigh any benefit we gained from (carry more weight than those of / are much greater than) A.
5.Although it is commonly (widely / generally) held (felt / accepted / agreed) that …, it is unlikely to be true that…
6.There is an element of truth in this argument (statement), but it ignores a deeper and more basic (important / essential) fact (reason) that…
7.It is true that (True, / To be sure, / Admittedly,)…, but this is not to say (it is unlikely / it doesn’t follow / it doesn’t mean / it won’t be the case) that…
8.The main (obvious / great) problem (flaw / drawback) with (in) this argument (view / remark) is that it is ignorant of (blind to) the basic (bare) fact that …
9.It would be possible (natural / reasonable) to think (believe / take the view) that…, but it would be absurd (wrong) to claim (argue) that …
10.In all the discussion and debate over…, one important (basic) fact is generally overlooked (neglected).
正文
1.Although the popular belief is that…, a current (new / recent) study (survey / poll / investigation) indicates (shows / demonstrates) that…
2.Common sense tells us that…
3.The increase (change / failure / success) in… mainly (largely / partly) results from (arises from / is because of)…
4.The increase (change / failure /success) in … is due to (owing to / attributable to) the fact that…
5.Many people would claim that…
6.One may attribute (ascribe / owe) the increase (decrease / change) to …, but … is not by itself an adequate explanation.
7.One of the reasons given for … is that…
8.What is also worth noticing is that…
9.There are many (different / several / a number of / a variety of) causes (reasons) for this dramatic (marked / significant) growth (change /decline / increase) in .. First,… Second,… Finally,…
10.There is no evidence to suggest that…
结尾
1.From what has been discussed above (Taking into account all these factors / Judging from all evidence offered), we may safely draw (reach / come to / arrive at) the conclusion that…
2.All the evidence (analysis) supports (justifies / confirms / warrants / points to) a(n) unshakable (unmistakable / sound / just) conclusion that …
3.It is high time that we place (lay / put) great ( special / considerable) emphasis on the improvement (development / increase / promotion) of…
4.It is high time that we put an end to the deep-seated (unhealthy / undesirable / deplorable) situation (tendency / phenomenon) of…
5.We must look (search / all / cry) for an immediate action (method / measure), because the present (current) situation (phenomenon / tendency / state / attitude) of …, if permitted (allowed) to continue (proceed), will surely (certainly) lead to (result in) the end (destruction / heavy cost) of…
6.There is no easy (immediate / effective) solution ( approach / answer / remedy) to the problem of …, but … might be useful (helpful / beneficial).
7.No easy method (solution / recipe / remedy) can be at hand (found / guaranteed) to solve (resolve / tackle) the problem of …, but the common (general / public) recognition of (realization of / awareness of / commitment to) the necessity (importance / significance) of … might be the first step towards change (on the right way / in the right direction).
8.Following these methods (suggestions) may not guarantee the success in (solution to)…, but the pay-off will be worth the effort.
9.Obviously (Clearly / No doubt), if we ignore (are blind to) the problem, there is every chance that…
10.Unless there is a common realization of (general commitment to)…, it is very likely (the chances are good) that…
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