Nginx响动分离经典案例配置

Nginx动静分离经典案例配置

随着Nginx高性能Web服务器大量被使用，目前Nginx最新稳定版为1.2.6，张宴兄在实际应用中大量使用Nginx，并分享Nginx高性能Web服务器知识，使得Nginx在国内也是飞速的发展。那今天咱们再来温习一下Nginx 动静分离知识，这里仅供参考。

一、实践环境：

1. 系统版本：CentOS6.0?X86_64?
2. ?
3. Nginx版本：Nginx-1.2.6?
4. ?
5. Tomcat版本：Tomcat-6.0.18?

二、Nginx安装：

? ?实际环境中安装Nginx，首先需要安装pcre库，然后再安装Nginx：

1. #安装pcre支持rewrite库,也可以安装源码，注*安装源码时，指定pcre路径为解压源码的路径，而不是编译后的路径，否则会报错。
2. yum install pcre-devel pcre -y
3. ?
4. #下载Nginx源码包
5. cd?/usr/src?;wget?-c?http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
6. ?
7. #解压Nginx源码包
8. tar?-xzf?nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz?
9. ?
10. #进入解压目录，然后sed修改Nginx版本信息为TDTWS?
11. cd?nginx-1.2.6?;?sed?-i?-e?'s/1.2.6//g'?-e?'s/nginx\//TDTWS/g'?-e?'s/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g'?src/core/nginx.h?
12. ?
13. #预编译Nginx
14. ./configure?--user=www?--group=www?--prefix=/usr/local/nginx?--with-http_stub_status_module?--with-http_ssl_module
15. #.configure预编译成功后，执行make命令进行编译
16. ?
17. make
18. #make执行成功后，执行make install 正式安装
19. make install
20. #自此Nginx安装完毕！！！?

三、配置Nginx：

? ?这里鉴于我的51CTO博客已经有Tomcat安装和配置了，这里忽略，只配置Nginx。

1. #进入Nginx应用目录?
2. cd?/usr/local/nginx/conf?
3. #备份原nginx.conf文件?
4. mv??nginx.conf??nginx.bak??

? ?创建 vi nginx.conf ，并写入如下内容:

1. user?www?www;?
2. worker_processes?8;?
3. worker_cpu_affinity?00000001?00000010?00000100?00001000?00010000?00100000?01000000?10000000;?
4. pid?/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;?
5. ?
6. worker_rlimit_nofile?102400;?
7. ?
8. events?
9. {?
10. use?epoll;?
11. worker_connections?102400;?
12. }?
13. http?
14. {?
15. ??include???????mime.types;?
16. ???
17. ??default_type??application/octet-stream;?
18. ?
19. ??fastcgi_intercept_errors?on;?
20. ?
21. ??charset??utf-8;?
22. ?
23. ??server_names_hash_bucket_size?128;?
24. ??client_header_buffer_size?4k;?
25. ??large_client_header_buffers?4?32k;?
26. ??client_max_body_size?300m;?
27. ?
28. ??sendfile?on;?
29. ??tcp_nopush?????on;?
30. ?
31. ??keepalive_timeout?60;?
32. ?
33. ??tcp_nodelay?on;?
34. ?
35. ??client_body_buffer_size??512k;?
36. ??proxy_connect_timeout????5;?
37. ??proxy_read_timeout???????60;?
38. ??proxy_send_timeout???????5;?
39. ??proxy_buffer_size????????16k;?
40. ??proxy_buffers????????????4?64k;?
41. ??proxy_busy_buffers_size?128k;?
42. ??proxy_temp_file_write_size?128k;?
43. ?
44. ??gzip?on;?
45. ??gzip_min_length??1k;?
46. ??gzip_buffers?????4?16k;?
47. ??gzip_http_version?1.1;?
48. ??gzip_comp_level?2;?
49. ??gzip_types???????text/plain?application/x-javascript?text/css?application/xml;?
50. ??gzip_vary?on;?
51. ?
52. ???
53. ###2012-12-19?change?nginx?logs?
54. ?
55. log_format??main??'$http_x_forwarded_for?-?$remote_user?[$time_local]?"$request"?'?
56. ??????????????'$status?$body_bytes_sent?"$http_referer"?'?
57. ??????????????'"$http_user_agent"??$request_time?$remote_addr';?
58. ?
59. #这里为后端服务器wugk应用集群配置，根据后端实际情况修改即可，tdt_wugk为负载均衡名称，可以任意指定
60. #但必须跟vhosts.conf虚拟主机的pass段一致，否则不能转发后端的请求。?
61. upstream?tdt_wugk?{?
62. ????server???10.10.141.30:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
63. ????server???10.10.141.30:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
64. ????server???10.10.141.31:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
65. ????server???10.10.141.31:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
66. ????server???10.10.141.32:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
67. ????server???10.10.141.32:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
68. }?
69. #这里为后端APP应用负载均衡配置，根据后端实际情况修改即可。tdt_app为负载均衡名称，可以任意指定
    
70. upstream?tdt_app?{?
71. ????server???10.10.141.40:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
72. ????server???10.10.141.40:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
73. ????server???10.10.141.41:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
74. ????server???10.10.141.41:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
75. ????server???10.10.141.42:8080?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
76. ????server???10.10.141.42:8081?weight=1?max_fails=2?fail_timeout=30s;?
77. }?
78. #include引用vhosts.conf，该文件主要用于配置Nginx 虚拟主机??
79. include?vhosts.conf;?
80. }?

? ?如上nginx.conf配置完毕,继续配置nginx虚拟主机，继续在当前目录创建vhosts.conf

? ?vi vhosts.conf 内容如下：

1. ####www.wuguangke.cn?
2. server?
3. ?
4. ??{?
5. ????listen???????80;?
6. ????server_name??www.wuguangke.cn;?
7. ????index?index.html?index.htm;?
8. #配置发布目录为/data/www/wugk??
9. ????root??/data/www/wugk;?
10. ?
11. ????location?/?
12. ????{?
13. ?????????proxy_next_upstream?http_502?http_504?error?timeout?invalid_header;?
14. ?????????proxy_set_header?Host??$host;?
15. ?????????proxy_set_header?X-Real-IP?$remote_addr;?
16. ????? proxy_set_header?X-Forwarded-For?$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;?
17. ?????????proxy_pass?http://tdt_wugk;?
18. ?????????expires??????3d;?
19. ????}?
20. ????#动态页面交给http://tdt_wugk，也即我们之前在nginx.conf定义的upstream?tdt_wugk?均衡?
21. ????location?~?.*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$?
22. ????{?
23. ?????????proxy_set_header?Host??$host;?
24. ?????????proxy_set_header?X-Real-IP?$remote_addr;?
25. ????? proxy_set_header?X-Forwarded-For?$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;?
26. ?????????proxy_pass?http://tdt_wugk;?
27. ????}?
28. ????#配置Nginx动静分离，定义的静态页面直接从Nginx发布目录读取。
29. ????location?~?.*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$?
30. ????{?
31. ????root?/data/www/wugk;?
32. #expires定义用户浏览器缓存的时间为3天，如果静态页面不常更新，可以设置更长，这样可以节省带宽和缓解服务器的压力
33. ????expires??????3d;?
34. ????}?
35. ????#定义Nginx输出日志的路径?
36. ????access_log??/data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log?main;?
37. ????error_log???/data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log??crit;?
38. }?
39. ?
40. ##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com?2012-12-19?
41. ??server?
42. ?
43. ??{?
44. ????listen???????80;?
45. ????server_name??chinaapp.sinaapp.com;?
46. ????index?index.html?index.htm;?
47. ????root??/data/www;?
48. ?
49. ????location?/?
50. ????{?
51. ?????????proxy_next_upstream?http_502?http_504?error?timeout?invalid_header;?
52. ?????????proxy_set_header?Host??$host;?
53. ?????????proxy_set_header?X-Real-IP?$remote_addr;?
54. ?????proxy_set_header?X-Forwarded-For?$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;?
55. ?????????proxy_pass?http://tdt_app;?
56. ?????????expires??????3d;?
57. ????}?
58. ?
59. ????location?~?.*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$?
60. ????{?
61. ?????????proxy_set_header?Host??$host;?
62. ?????????proxy_set_header?X-Real-IP?$remote_addr;?
63. ????? proxy_set_header?X-Forwarded-For?$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;?
64. ?????????proxy_pass?http://tdt_app;?
65. ????}?
66. ????location?~?.*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$?
67. ????{?
68. ????root?/data/www/app;?
69. ????expires??????3d;?
70. ????}?
71. ?????
72. ????access_log??/data/logs/nginx_app/access.log?main;?
73. ????error_log???/data/logs/nginx_app/error.log??crit;?
74. }?

四、部署测试：

? ?后端配置好Tomcat服务，并启动，发布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www对应的目录，因为配置动静分离后，用户请求你定义的静态页面，默认会去nginx的发布目录请求，而不会到后端请求，所以这时候你要保证后端跟前端的程序保持一致，可以使用Rsync做服务端自动同步。

1. #检查Nginx配置文件是否配置正确，提示Ok and successful表示正确，如下： ?
2. [root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
3. nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
4. nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
5. #启动Nginx服务?
6. /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx?
7. #查看Nginx进程是否启动?
8. ps?-ef?|grep?nginx??