Allegro绘制PCB流程
单位换算
1mil = 0.0254 mm
1mm = 39.3701 mil
默认情况下我们更倾向于使用mil单位绘制PCB板。
1 新建工程,File --> New...
--> [Project Directory]显示工程路径
--> [Drawing Name]工程名称,Browse...可选择工程路径
--> [Drawing Type]工程类型,绘制PCB板选择Board,封装选择Packagesymbol
2 设置画布参数,Setup --> Design Parameters...
--> [Design]
单位为Mils,Size为other,2位精度,
Width与Height分别代表画布的宽高
LeftX与LowerY代表原点位置坐标
点击Apply使修改生效
--> [Display]
勾选Gridon, 打开SetupGrids...
将Non-Etch和AllEtch中的所有Spacing设为1mil=0.0254mm
3 设置库路径,Setup --> User Preference...
将所有绘制好的元件封装复制到同一目录下,方便设置库目录,
--> [Paths]
--> [Library] 指定modulepathpadpath parampath psmpath到封装所在目录
4 绘制板框,Add --> Line
Class:SubClass = Board Geometry:Outline
5 倒角,Manufacture -->Dimimension/Draft --> fillet
倒角半径(Radius)参考:100mmx100mm板倒角100mil~200mil
分别点击倒角的两条边完成倒角
6 设置允许布线区,Setup --> Areas --> RouteKeepin
Class:SubClass = Route Keepin:All
一般情况,RouteKeepin距离板框0.2mm(8mil)~0.5mm(20mil)
方法2:使用Z-Copy命令,Edit-Z-Copy
选择Class:SubClass=RouteKeepin:All,
Size选择Contract向内缩进,Offset填充20mil,
点击板框完成复制,此方法亦使用步骤7
7 设置允许元件摆放区,Setup --> Areas --> PackageKeepin
Class:SubClass = Package Keepin:All
一般情况,PacakgeKeepin与RouteKeepin大小一致
方法2:使用Z-Copy命令
8 放置机械安装孔,Place --> Manual
--> [Advanced Settings]勾选Library
--> [Placement List]
--> [Mechanical symbols] 选上需要使用的机械安装孔,敲坐标放置
注:使用“选择多个元件,右键Align components”对齐元件。
9 设置层叠结构,Setup --> Cross-section
双层板按默认设置,从上到下依次为:表层空气,铜走线Top层,玻璃纤维介质层,铜走线Bottom层,底层空气
多层板需要做相关层添加[FIXME]
10 导入网表,File --> Import -->Logic...
--> [Cadence]
选择Designentry CIS(Capture),Always,Importdirectory选择网表文件路径
导入完成后File--> Viewlog...查看导入错误信息,确保0 errors,0warnings
11 放置元器件,Place --> QuickPlace...
选择Placeall components,点击place完成自动放置
检查Unpalcedsymbol count显示状态,确认未放置的元件为0
注:有关元器件突出板框外的KC DRC问题 <--- 删除该DRC
Display --> Waive DRCs --> Waive命令,点击DRC删除即可。
12 约束设置,Setup --> Constraints -->Constraints Manager...
--> [Physical]
--> [Physical Constraint Set]
--> [All Layers]
线宽设置为>=6mil,添加过孔(小于6的非0值都设为6或更大)
--> [Net]
--> [All Layers]
电源与地网络设置至少30mil,大功率大电流网络也设置大些
--> [Spacing]
... 设置线间距、VIA间距等,都至少设为6mil,6mil是根据PCB厂家定的
13 布局布线
接插件(如DB9、JTAG接口、电源接口等)放在PCB板周边;
。。。
布线时双击添加过孔,Options中Act可改变当前PCB面,Linewidth设置线宽;
[Route] --> [PCB Router] --> [Route Automatic…]可自动布线;
。。。
14 添加丝印
(1)自动添加丝印
Manufacture --> Silkscreen
--> [Layer] Both
--> [Elements] Both
--> [Classes and subclasses]
--> [Package geometry] Silk
--> [Refrence designator] Silk
... 其它选择None
点击Silkscreen完成丝印添加
(2)手动添加丝印信息
--> Add --> Text
Class:Subclass=Manufacture:AutoSilk_Top
设置字号及线宽后输入文字信息
注:丝印字号修改,Edit--> Change,Find中选只Text,
Class:subclass=Manufacture:空
设置字号线宽,全选后Done即可
15 添加覆铜,Shape --> Polygon
Class:Subclass=Etch:Top
Option中勾选上CreateDinamic Shape,选择Assign netname为Gnd网络
添加底层覆铜,Class:Subclass=Etch:Bottom
删除顶层和底层死铜,Shape--> Delete Islands,Delete allon layer
16 查看报告,Tools --> Quick Reports
至少检查如下4项:
Unconnected Pins Report
Shape Dynamic State
Shape Islands
Design Rules Check Report
17 数据库检查,Tools --> Database Check
勾选全3项,点击Check检查,Viewlog查看错误日志
18 钻孔文件生成
(1) 钻孔参数文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Parameters
按默认设置,点close后生成nc_param.txt
(2) 钻孔文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Drill
如果有盲孔或埋孔,则Drilling中选择By Layer,否则默认,
点Drill生成*.drl文件,点击Viewlog查看钻孔文件信息
(3) 不规则孔的钻孔文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Route
默认设置,点击Route生成*.rou文件
(4) 钻孔表及钻孔图的生成,Manufacture--> NC --> Drill Legend
如果有盲孔或埋孔,则Drilling中选择By Layer,否则默认(单位为mil),
点击OK生成*.dlt文件
19 生成光绘(Gerber)文件
(1) 设置光绘文件参数,Manufacture--> Artwork
--> [General Parameters]
--> [Device type] Gerber RS274X
--> [OUtput units] Inches
--> [Format]
--> [Integer places] 3
--> [Decimal places] 5
--> [Film Control] 设置层叠结构(10层)
-->[Available films]
--> [Bottom]
--> ETCH/Bottom
--> PIN/Bottom
--> VIA Class/Bottom
--> [Top]
--> ETCH/Top
--> PIN/Top
--> VIA Class/Top
--> [Pastemask_Bottom]
--> PackageGeometry/Pastemask_Bottom
-->Stack-Up/Pin/Pastemask_Bottom
-->Stack-Up/Via/Pastemask_Bottom
--> [Pastemask_Top]
--> PackageGeometry/Pastemask_Top
-->Stack-Up/Pin/Pastemask_Top
-->Stack-Up/Via/Pastemask_Top
--> [Soldermask_Bottom]
--> Board Geometry/Soldermask_Bottom
--> PackageGeometry/Soldermask_Bottom
-->Stack-Up/Pin/Soldermask_Bottom
--> [Soldermask_Top]
--> BoardGeometry/Soldermask_Top
--> Package Geometry/Soldermask_Top
-->Stack-Up/Pin/Soldermask_Top
--> [Silkscreen_Bottom]
--> BoardGeometry/Silkscreen_Bottom
--> PackageGeometry/Silkscreen_Bottom
-->Manufacture/Autosilk_Bottom
--> [Silkscreen_Top]
--> BoardGeometry/Silkscreen_Top
--> PackageGeometry/Silkscreen_Top
-->Manufacture/Autosilk_Top
--> [Outline]
--> Board Geometry/Outline
--> [Drill]
--> Board Geometry/Outline
-->Manufacture/Nclegend-1-2
选中Checkdatabase before artwork复选框!
--> [Film options]
--> [Undefined line width]
选中层叠结构中的每一层,都设置为6mil
--> [Shape bounding box]
选中层叠结构中的每一层,都设置为100
--> [plot mode]
选中层叠结构中的每一层,无特殊情况都选择Positive
--> [Vector based pad behavior]选中每一层都勾选上
点击OK完成参数设置
(2) 生成光绘文件,Manufacture--> Artwork
仔细检查层叠结构的设置,很重要,不能出错!
Select all选择所有层,确认选中Check database before artwork,
执行CreateArtwork生成光绘文件,点击Viewlog查看生成光绘信息,确保没有任何error!
20 打包Gerber文件给PCB厂商
共14个文件:10{*.art}+ 1{*.drl} + 1{*.rou} + 2{*.txt}
TOP.art
Bottom.art
Pastemask_Top.art
Pastemask_Bottom.art
Soldermask_Top.art
Soldermask_Bottom.art
Silkscreen_Top.art
silkscreen_Bottom.art
Outline.art
Drill.art
art_param.txt
nc_param.txt
*.rou
*-1-2.drl
打包成*.rar等压缩包发给厂商