临近考试，很多考生对考研英语作文的复习很是茫然。在此，跨考教育英语教研室推出“2016考研终极写作辅导”系列文章，从作文话题及各个段落的写作框架两大部分来分析，对考生在最后15天内迅速提高写作成绩有一定帮助。
本文主要内容为第二段写作。
解析：第二段为整篇作文非常重要的段落，是得失分的关键。需要考生予以高度重视。下面介绍两种行文思路——负向文章行文思路和正向文章行为思路。
一、负向文章行文思路：
负向文章行文思路主要是对话题的过渡、分析与数据/举例支撑。
A、过渡部分：
方案一:
(现实中大家热议XX话题。大家对此有不同的声音，但我…)In reality, the subject about +N/doing sth has long been a buzz in network community, the public as well as the media. Though a variety of voices can be heard,
I totally oppose that+句子/ (2005年——people turn a blind eye to their aging parents)
I cannot agree more with you .
I can not oppose more against +N/I totally agree that+ 句子/ (2001爱心： love would brighten darkness/ love would cast light to the dark and brighten it. Where love would be, it will light up gloom)
I highly recommend that we should discourage people from doing sth (97吸烟—— discourage people, especially the youth, from smoking)
I can not agree more with the point that/ ( people are easily addicted to smoking and we should discourage them from doing that.)
方案二：
(图片反映的现象在快速发展中国各地区屡见不鲜，因此，这值得所有人的关注)In fact, the phenomenon reflected/mirrored by the cartoon typically occurs in many parts/regions of China, which are developing with breakneck speed, therefore, so it merits special attention from all walks of life.
方案三：
(这种情况值得大家关注。我的意见是)This situation/problem deserves careful concern/close attention from all walks of life, especially our young generation. I want to give my voice to
encourage sb to/ support that/ advocate that (2003温室花朵——parents should not relax the discipline in their families/ think twice about how to raise their kids.)
dote on sb 溺爱
discourage sb from doing sth/ put an end to (2003温室花朵——doting on their kids/giving too much love to their kids.
)/ stop doting on their kids. /curb(限制) sth/ check(限制) sth
B、原因分析(2-3条原因)
原因分析又分为外因和内因。
外因：社会、政府、媒体、家庭、学校，
① 法律缺失：
(问题是由法律不完善造成的) The current situation is often plagued by the absence(the lack of) of relative legislation(立法) and law enforcement
plague n瘟疫，疾病 v困扰
(当地政府没能填补xx方面的政策漏洞)The local authorities fail to close/fix loopholes in policies concerning (network community/ water pollution/dishonesty)
close/fix loopholes(漏洞)
② 媒体 mass media
(媒体对民意影响力大，媒体功能紊乱导致问题产生)The media has a powerful influence/impact on public opinion and a great deal of social conduct (social conduct社会行为)can be affected by the mass media. However, the dysfunction/malfunction of the media partially cause the problem that(问题) + .一句话
(媒体对民意影响力大，不幸的是，她的功能紊乱部分地导致问题)The mass media has great influence on public opinion via radio, TV program, magazines as well as newspapers. Unfortunately, it neglects to take that duty and therefore, leads to the problem that+一句话
③ 学校 college/university/school
business/medical/law school
(大学不应只提供课程，还应提供训练去改善大学生的素质。)College, a community of undergraduates, are/is supposed to not only provide lectures and experiments to leverage their academic performance, but training as well as courses to improve their personalities.
(大学各团体应该发出声音。但明显的，他们大多数时候都是沉默的大多数)Societies from college and Student Union should make their voices heard by the whole society. But evidently, they are silent/mute majority most of the time.
the deaf mute
majority 成年人
minority 未成年人
administrations/departments/authorities/institutions concerned: lack supervision; insufficient management
④ 家庭(父母)
(家长是孩子最好的老师。孩子如何面对世界取决于家长如何教育。当家长忘了告诉他们的孩子该XX，问题会发生。)Parents are children’s best mentors. How children react to the world is largely determined(决心，确定，决定) by how parents parent and educate their kids in their childhood. When parents forget to let children understand that (句子), problems would, beyond a doubt, come up/pop up忽然出现.
pop-up广告弹窗
pop corn
pop music
Sb is determined to do
Tom is determined to be a teacher.
Sb has made up one’s mind to do
I have made up my mind to get through/pass the exam.
(家教会影响孩子的身心发展，并部分决定了孩子是否有个好的性格。如果家长经常在情感和身体上离开孩子，问题就出来了。)Parenting, would affect children’s mental development and physical growth， even partially determine whether he or she would have a good personality. When parents are often emotionally absent and even physically absent, problems would pop up.
price n价格 v定价 pricing n定价
parent n父母 v教育 parenting n家教
function n作用，功能 v起效，发挥功能
functioning n起效，发挥功能
question n问题 v质疑
内因： 意识(awareness、consciousness)、心态mentality，品质性格(人性personality) etiquette礼仪、道德(morality——a slash in morality may cause crash in society)、责任感(accountability)、
(这种行为失当不仅是由于不知道造成的，而往往是心态不正确造成的)价值观In most cases, this misbehavior/pressing problem/situation is not simply caused by ignorance but by a lack of awareness of / lack of a proper mentality/attitude that+ 句子
(公共场合大声打手机是很失礼的)Talking loud over the phone in public places is a major breach of etiquette.
a major breach of principles/rules/regulations
(人类逃避责任时，问题就出现了)When individuals， as tiny part of society, skip/shrug off their responsibilities/fold their arms toward the problem/turn a blind eye to the situation, problems are bond to come up/ get pressing.
C、数据支撑：列举、举例、伪数据
05养老——A report published this year by the China Research Centre on (aging) forecasts/ indicates that over forty present of seniors spend their last years living alone
06自信——A survey concerning +N conducted by/ carried out by the China Research Centre on (successful people、high achiever ) shows/indicates/demonstrates/ that self-confidence is the instrument(方法，途径) of their achievement/accomplishment/success.
A is the instrument of B(N/doing)
06追星——Opinion poll(民意调查) was conducted by the China Research Center on (也可以不写on sth ) to test (to how much degree, people would be affected by chasing idols and nearly 70 percent of respondents admitted that they wasted too much time and money chasing stars.
waste time/money doing sth
(自身例子)One of my experiences would fully convince you that I am right. +例子
Facts speak louder than words. +例子/I had an experience just like the picture indicates.
二、正向文章行文思路：
正向文章的行文思路主要是意义分析+数据支撑+箴言。
A：意义分析
以下是根据历年真题的作文话题例举出来的写作框架：
1、(健康——12乐观)N+ would enhance your emotional and spiritual well-being. A recent survey carried out by the China Research Center on Emotion demonstrates that a person who is ( ) tends to be more psychologically healthy and has a longer life expectancy/life span.
Keep chin up towards your future
make you a great man
2、(机会——13选择)N+would bring you more opportunities which does not guarantee you achievement overnight but means when a door is closed, more doors are open to you. Especially in current tight job fair, a person who is ( ) tends to win more job interviews over his or her opponents.
win sth over sb
stand out from sb
3、(提高个人素质——2004新起点) Being ready for challenge all the time means strong self-discipline which would contribute to the improvement of one’s personality and etiquette which would get you closer to your goal.
get sb closer to goal/dream
4、(社交，人际) () would, beyond a doubt, get you more social(善于交际) and therefore deliver a great contribution to enhance your interpersonal skills, foster your leadership, and make you a magnetic person/
strengthen personal charisma(领导魅力).
5、社会类话题可用到的作文框架：
help do sth
help sb in doing sth
(企业)() which would help build a friendly and healthy business environment that would spur enterprises on self-regulating and properly operating.
(良性竞争) ( ) would encourage all enterprises to participate into a fair play which would benefit both industries and the consumers.
which would lead to a win-win deal/result
(全面建设小康社会) (As the relationship between China and the rest of the world remains steady and stable ), more vitality would be injected into the building of a well-off society in an all-round way.
(社会发展平衡) To run a society of harmony, government are/is supposed to juggle equity and efficiency and ( ) would, without a doubt, help find balance between the two.
juggling’s one’s life
juggle v同时兼顾
the exchange of culture
B、数据支撑：
1、例证
To exemplify what I mean , I would share one of my memorable experiences with you.
Nothing can exemplify my viewpoint better than the situation I once was confronted with .
2011-旅游之余To exemplify my argument, I am going to examine(审视) a case (in which a neat and clear resort is favorable and popular by tourists. )
2、数据：data/figure/statistics
(1998年诚信)Data has always no emotion and is considered neutral/impartial which will never hide/shade the truth/reality. According to a recent poll on ( ), carried out by Sina.com,
( percent of respondents/participants/subjects )
on average, six out of ten respondents would ( like to make friends with honesty person and do business with companies that carry good reputations. )
A out of B
03溺爱——Figures never tell a lie. Data that is pulled out of research findings proved that most successful persons were not born in a rich family.
(12自信)Average people like comfortable . If you do not want to end up with ordinary people, you should make your own path
(04起点)Life is too short to be average, and you should prepare for challenge all the time
C、箴言：
As an old saying goes, (confidence ) is (powerful strength) and it takes a lifetime to figure it out.
As the proverb goes, honesty is the best policy toward life.
Protection is the best attitude toward nature.
