Passage 2
Question 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
（78）Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time：if corrected too much，he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit，he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way，children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught—to walk，run，climb，whistle，ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people，and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him，or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answers，as it may be in mathematics or science，give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work？Our job should be to help the child when he tells that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，how to know what they know or do not know.
6. According to the passage，which of the following is the best way for children to learn things？
A. Listening to skilled people's advice.
B. Asking older people many questions.
C. Making mistakes and having them corrected.
D. Doing what other people do.
7. The writer think teachers should NOT
A. give children correct answers B. allow children to make mistakes
C. point out children's mistakes to them D. let children mark their own work
8. According to the writer，teachers in school should
A. allow children to learn from each other
B. point out children's mistakes whenever found
C. correct children's mistakes as soon as possible
D. give children more book knowledge
9. According to the passage，learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are
A. different from learning other skills B. the same as learning other skills
C. more important than other skills D. not really important skills
10. The title of this passage could probably be
A. Let Us Teachers Stop Work
B. Let Us Make Children Learn
C. Let Children Correct Their Exercises
D. Let Children Learn By Themselves
一、文章总体结构分析
文章第一段主要围绕让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作而论述，通过列举事实讲述了要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而非总是来指导他们什么是正确的什么是不正确的；第二段主要谈论在学校老师们总是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己发现错误，自己改正。
二、 试题具体分析
6.「答案」D.本题考查的是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段，其中列举了大量事实讲述要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而并非总是来指导他们什么是正确什么不是正确。与D项更好相符。
7.「答案」C.本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段后两句，根据其内容我们可以知道作者认为教师不能老是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己发现错误，自己改正。
8.「答案」A.本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段的内容。按照作者的意思，老师要允许孩子们彼此学习。
9.「答案」B.本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段第四行。
10.「答案」D.本题考查的是考生对全篇文章的理解，第一段和第二段都是讲要让孩子自己去学会技能，而不必总是老师来教一切。
三、文章长难句分析与佳句赏析
1. Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. 让他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。
句子结构分析：Let him work out…what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.with the help of…在句中作插入语成份。而work out后面跟的是三个并列成份。
2. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，how to know what they know or do not know. 让孩子们学习那些受过教育的人们有朝一日要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知道什么。
句子结构分析：Let the children learn what…，how to…，how to…，what…，how to…，how to…为句子的三个并列宾语从句。
四、核心词汇
Judge判断；Bit by bit逐渐地；whistle吹口哨；performance执行，行为；point out指出；work out解决；waste浪费；routine日常事务，例行公事；
五、全文翻译
让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作。一个孩子学说话并不是通过一直地被纠正而学会的：如果被纠正的太多的话，他会停止说话。他在一天中注意他所用的语言和周围的人们用的语言的不同有上千次。一点一点地，他为使他的语言像其他人的一样而作了必要的改变。同样地，孩子们学其他所有的事情，他们都是无师自通的——走路，跑，爬，吹口哨，骑自行车——将他们自己的行为和那些更熟练地人们进行比较，慢慢地做出必要的改变。但是，在学校里，我们并没有给一个孩子发现自己的错误并自己改正的机会。我们全都为他们做了。我们的做法好像是我们认为他是不会注意到错误的，除非为他指出来，或者是他是不会改正错误的，除非我们让他改正。让他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。
如果是一个正确答案的问题，像是数学或者是科学，给他们答案书。让他们自己更正自己的作业。为什么我们老师要浪费时间在如此程序化的事情上呢？我们的工作是在孩子说他找不到得到正确答案的方法时给他帮助。让孩子们学习那些受过教育的人们有朝一日要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知道什么。
