3.1 一般性举例 =〉特殊名人事例(+++)
Beyond this concession, however, I cannot totally agree with the statement because it seems to recommend that every student is quite aware of their needs and interests all the time without exception. Consider, for example, a pupil who once wrote in his/her diary that his/her dream is to be an eminent composer like Beethoven, is very likely to find afterward himself/herself really interested in literature but not in music at all. Even celebrities like Pasteur, who was a chemist at the very start, then had extreme interest in microorganism and made more contributions in biology rather than in chemistry. In short, people's interests and needs are not invariable.
Consequently, if we force our education to trace everyone's satisfaction in a headless way, it will surely fall into confusion. Additionally, consider a naughty boy who claims that his favorite and real dream is playing computer games day and night, can our education be "specifically designed" to meet such "needs and interests"? (from Lily)
3.2 事物一般抽象原理 =〉具体事例(+++)
However, even though competition serves as a double-edged sward, it has more of a positive than a negative effect in most occasions. In fact, everything in general has a limit itself. If people break the limit, some damage may occur, and when people act below the limit, they benefit from it. Admittedly, some people may go to extremes to compete by lawless means, leading to competition chaos or other social problems that harm our societies. But most participants in a competition still comply with the competition rules, because the lawless competitors will fail in the long run after all. Viewed in this fashion, most people choose to compete in a licit and proper way, and a licit and proper competition will benefit more than harm the society in general.
4.类比、比喻论证
4.1 类比(++)
特征词：Analogy 类比
similarly
likewise
in the same way
in the same manner
However, as a double-edged sward, competition also causes in general a host of problems that may harm the societies. For example, in colleges and universities, competition for higher grades may stimulate to urge students' ambition in the process of study, but such competition increasingly exposes its negative effects on the quality of learning. Pursuing higher grades, students may pay too much attention to the score of tests or examinations which are still the main methods to check the outcome of learning, and as a result of it, they fail to practise their real ability of learning or solving problems. Moreover, heating competition for higher grades may cause extremely mental and psychological problems which will seriously undermine students' interests and learning ability. It is more or less the same with competition in other aspects in societies.
4.2 比喻(+++)
However, although creating appealing images is beneficial in the short term, the reality or truth behind these images reveals itself in the long run. It is just like the case of a gift with beautiful wrappers. No matter how amazing is the wrapper outside, the wrapper is destined to be torn away to show the gift inside. So is the case with appealing images. It is agreed upon that one is judged not according to his/her apparent features, but instead, according to the content of his/her character. Viewed in this fashion, charming images can function as the ticket into the world that one craves for. But one's performance is evaluated by their genuine competence and capability instead of their appearances, which are more convincing than mere beautiful appearances. (from the Internet)
