PART FOUR WRITING ( 45 marks)
SECTION A ( 10 marks)
Directions： Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
You want a smart phone， but just how smart do you want it? How about one that can read your mind? Well， that phone may well be on its way...
Justin Rattner， chief researcher at Intel， says that technology has developed to the point that “context-aware computing (情景感知计算)”， an idea that’s been around for twenty years， is becoming more of a reality.
That could lead to a phone that acts as a mind reader in your pocket. But rather than simply collect secrets about you， the device could do things with that information， such as predict what you might do next and make suggestions.
Rattner gave a few examples during his speech at Intel’s developer conference in San Francisco recently.
Among them is a software that Intel worked on with Fodor’s Travel， a traveling website. It learns what types of foods you like to eat and what types of places you like to visit， based on searches you type into the phone or places you searched using GPS (全球定位系统). The software makes similar recommendations when you visit a new city.
Tech companies are already working to predict what people want. Search engine Google， movie-rental service Netflix， and online radio service Pandora try to guess what people want even before they know they want it.
Putting those types of functions together with the other information that phones collect about people could pave the way for even more helpful mobile phones， Rattner said.
A challenge is training computers to look at data from “hard sensors (传感器)” (which measure place， movement， temperature and the like) and combining those findings with data from “soft sensors” (such as calendar appointments and Web browsing history).
For example， your phone could tell that you have just left school and seem to be on your way home—a location it might know from your address book. It could then tell you the best route around traffic.
Rattner added that researchers are even making steps toward the final goal—a computer understanding of thoughts.
SECTION B ( 10 marks)
Directions： Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
Scientists have discovered that living to the age of 100 may have nothing to do with the lifestyle you lead and everything to do with the type of genes you have.
For the lucky carriers of “Methuselah” genes， worries over smoking， eating unhealthily and not getting enough exercise may not be as necessary as to those of us without the special gene pattern. The “Methuselah” genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age such as cancer and heart disease. They could also protect people against the effects of the unhealthy lifestyles that we believe will lead us to an early death， scientists say. However， the genes are very rare.
The genes include ADIPOQ， which is found in about 10 percent of young people but in nearly 30 percent of people living past 100. They also include the CETP and the ApoC3 genes， which are found in 10 percent of young people， but in about 20 percent of people over 100 years old.
Some of those genes were discovered by a research group at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York， led by Professor Nir Barzilai. The team studied the genes of over 500 people over 100 years old， and their children.
The studies show that tiny mutations (变异) in the make-up of some genes can greatly increase a person’s lifespan. Barzilai told a Royal Society conference that the discovery of such genes gave scientists clear targets for developing drugs that could prevent age-related diseases， allow people to live longer and stay healthy.
David Gems， a researcher at University College London， believes that drugs to slow ageing will become widespread.
“If we know which genes control longevity (长寿) then we can... target them with drugs. That makes it possible to slow down ageing，” he told The Times.
“Much of the pain and suffering in the world are caused by ageing. If we can find a way to reduce that， then we are obliged to take it.”
81. Which genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age? (No more than 3 words) ( 2 marks)
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82. Whom did Barzilai’s team study? (No more than 10 words) ( 2 marks)
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83. What can greatly increase a person’s lifespan? (No more than 10 words) ( 3 marks)
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84. What can scientists do if they are aware which genes control longevity?(No more than 6 words) ( 3 marks)
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