美国研究生入学考试试题(二)
SECTION2
Time——30minutes
25Questions
Question1——7
Inagame，exactlysixinvertedcupsstandsidebysideinastraightline，andeachhasexactlyoneballhidden
underit.Thecupsarenumberedconsecutively1through6.Eachoftheballsispaintedasinglesolidcolor.
Thecolorsoftheballsaregreen，magenta，orange，purple，red，andyellow.Theballshavebeenhiddeny
nderthecupsinamannerthatconformstothefolowingconditions：
Thepurpleballmustbehiddenunderalower-numberedcupthantheorangeball.Theredballmustbehiddenunderacupimmediatelyadjacenttothec upunder
whichthemagentaballishidden.Thegreenballmustbehiddenundercup5.
1.Whichofthefollowingcouldbecoloroftheballsunderthecups，inorderfrom1through6?
(A)Green，yellow，magenta，red，purple，orange
(B)Magenta，green，purple，red，orange，yellow
(C)Magenta，red，purple，yellow，green，orange
(D)Red，Purple，magenta，yellow，green，orange
(E)Red，purple，magenta，yellow，green，orange
2.Ifthemagentaballisundercup4，theredballmustbeundercup
(A)1(B)2(C)3(D)4(E)5
3.Aballofwhichoffollowingcolorscouldbeundercup6?
(A)Green(B)Magenta(C)Purple(D)Red(E)Yellow
4.Ifthepurpleballisundercup4，theorangeballmustbeundercup
(A)1(B)2(C)3(D)5(E)6
5.Whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(A)Thegreenballisunderalower-numberedcupthanthegreenball.
(B)Theorangeballisunderalower-numberedcupthanthegreenball.
(C)Thepurpleballisunderalower-numberedcupthanthegreenball.
(D)Thepurpleballisunderalower-numberedcupthantheredball.
(E)Theredballisunderalower-numberedcupthantheyellowball.
6.Iftheorangeballisundercup2，ballsofwhichofthefollowingcolorscouldbeundercupsimmediatelya djacenttoeachother?
(A)Greenandmagenta
(B)Greenandpurple
(C)Orangeandyellow
(D)Purpleandred
(E)Redandyellow
7.Ifthemagentaballisundercup1，ballsofwhichofthefollowingcolorsmustbeundercupsimmediatelyadja centtoeachother?
(A)Greenandorange
(B)Greenandyellow
(C)Purpleandred
(D)Purpleandyellow
(E)Redandyellow
8.Thecompanyshouldnotbeheldresponsibleforfailingtocorrectthecontrol-panelproblemthatcausedtheaccident.Althoughtheproblemhadbeenmentionedearlierinasafetyinspe ctor‘sreport，companiesreceivehundredsofreportsofsuchproblem，andIndustryStandardNo.42requiresa ctiononthoseproblemonlywhenanaccidentisforeseeable.
Ifthesecondsentenceintheparagraphaboveisfactuallycorrect，theanswertowhichofthefollowingque stionsismostrelevantinhelpingtodeterminewhetherornotthecompanyviolatedIndustryStandardNo.42w henitfailedtocorrectthecontrol-panelproblem?
(A)Wastheaccidentserious?
(B)Wasthecontrol-panelproblemofatypethatisknowntoincidentthatanaccidentislikely?
(C)Sincetheaccident，hasthecompanydoneaspecialsafetycheckonallcontrolpanels?
(D)Didthesafetyinspectormentionmorethanoneprobleminthesamereport?
(E)Howlongwasthecontrolpanelinusebeforetheproblemwasdiscovered?
9.Riothamus，afifth-centurykingoftheBritons，wasbetrayedbyanassociate，foughtbravelyagainsttheGothsbutwasdefeated，anddisappearedmysteriously.
Riothamus，matchalmostexactlythoseattributedtoKingArthur.Therefore，Riothamusmustbethehistoric almodelforthelegendaryKingArthur.
Theargumentaboverequiresatleastoneadditionalpremise.Whichofthefollowingcouldbesucharequire dpremise?
(A)ModernhistorianshavedocumentedtheactivitiesofRiothamusbetterthanthoseofanyotherfifth-centuryking.
(B)ThestoriestoldaboutKingArthurarenotstrictlyfictitiousbutarebasedonahistoricalpersonandhistorical events.
(C)Riothamus‘associatesweretheauthorsoftheoriginallegendsaboutKingArthur.
(D)Legentsaboutthefifthcenturyusuallyembellishandromanticizetheactualconditionsofthelivesoffifth-centurynobility.
(E)Posterityusuallyrememberslegendsbetterthanitrememberstheactualhistoricaleventsonwhichtheyar ebased.
10.Aworldwidebanontheproductionofcertainozone-destroyingchemicalswouldprovideonlyanillusionofprotection.Quantitiesofsuchchemicals，alreadyprod uced，existascoolantsinmillionsofrefrigerators.Whentheyreachtheozonelayerintheatmosphere，theirac tioncannotbehalted.Sothereisnowaytopreventthesechemicalsfromdamagingtheozonelayerfurther.
Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，mostseriouslyweakenstheargumentabove?
(A)Itisimpossibletomeasurewithaccuracythequantityofozone-destroyingchemicalsthatexistascoolantsinrefrigerators.
(B)Inmodernsocieties，refrigerationoffoodisnecessarytopreventunhealthyandpotentiallylife-threateningconditions.
(C)Replacementchemicalsthatwillnotdestroyozonehavenotyetbeendevelopedandwouldbemoreexpens ivethanthechemicalsnowusedascoolantsinrefrigerators.
(D)Evenifpeopleshouldgiveuptheuseofrefrigeration，thecoolantsalreadyinexistingrefrigeratorsareathrea ttoatmosphericozone.
(E)Thecoolantsinrefrigeratorcanbefullyrecoveredattheendoftheusefullifeoftherefrigeratorsandreused.
Question11——15
Agovernmentisassigningeachofsixembassyofficeworkers——Farr，Golden，Hayakawa，Inserra，Jones，andKovacs——toembassies.Therearefourembassies.EmbassiesLandMarelocatedincountrieswithdryclimates，wher easembassiesPandTarelocatedincountrieswithhumidclimates.Theofficeworkersmustbeassignedac cordingtothefollowingrules：
Eachembassymusthaveatleastoneoftheworkersassignedtoit.Atleastoneembassyinahumidclimatem usthaveatleasttwoworkersassigned
toit.GoldencannotbeassignedtothesameembassyasKovacs.Inserramustbeassignedtanembassyina dryclimates.Jonesmustbeassignedtoanembassyinahumidclimate.11.Whichofthefollowingisanaccep tableassignmentoftheworkerstotheembassies?
LMPT(A)Farr，GoldenInserra，KovacsHayakawaJones
(B)Golden，KovacsInserraJonesFarr，Hayakawa
(C)GoldenFarr，InserraKovacsJones，Hayakawa
(D)JonesGolden，InserraHayakawaFarr，Kovacs
(E)KovacsFarr，HayakawaInserraGolden，Jones
12.WhichofthefollowingmustbeassignedeithertoembassyLortoembassyM?
(A)Farr
(B)Golden
(C)Hayakawa
(D)Inserra
(E)Kovacs
13.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbetrue?
(A)OneworkerisassignedtoL.
(B)TwoworkersisassignedtoP.
(C)TwoworkersareassignedtoL.
(D)ThreeworkersareassignedtoM.
(E)ThreeworkersareassignedtoT.
14.IfGoldenandKovacsareassignedtoLandM，respectively，whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(A)FarrisassignedtoeitherPorT.
(B)InserraisassignedtoeitherPorT.
(C)PandTeachhavetwoworkersassignedtothem.
(D)HayakawaisassignedtoL.
(E)HayakawaisassignedtoT.
15.IfGolden，Hayakawa，andKovacsareamongtheworkersassignedtoembassiesinhumidclimayes，whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(A)Farrisassignedtoanembassytowhichnoneoftheotherfiveofficeworkersisassigned.
(B)Goldenisassignedtoanembassytowhichnoneoftheotherfiveofficeworkersisassigned.
(C)JonesisassignedtothesameembassyasGolden.
(D)HayakawaisassignedtothesameembassyasGolden.
(E)HayakawaisassignedtothesameembassyasKovacs.
Question16——19
Avolunteerusesatrucktopickupdonationsofunsoldfoodandclothingfromstoresandtodeliverthemtoloc ationswheretheycanbedistributed.Hedrivesonlyalongacertainnetworkofroads.
Inthenetworktherearetwo-wayroadsconnectingeachofthefollowingpairsofpoints：1with2，1with3，1with5，2with6，3with7，5with6，and 6with7.Therearealsoone-wayroadsgoingfrom2to4，from3to2，andfrom4to3.Therearenootherroadsinthenetwork，andtheroadsint henetworkdonotintersect.
Tomakeatripinvolvingpickupsanddeliverirs，thevolunteeralwaystakesaroutethatforthewholetrippasse sthroughthefewestofthepoints1through7，countingapointtwiceifthevolunteerpassesthroughittwice.
Thevolunteer‘shomeisatpoint3.Donationscanbepickedupatasupermarketatpoint1，aclothingstoreatpoint5，andabak eryatpoint4.Deliveriescanbemadeasneededtoatutoringcenteratpoint2，adistributioncenteratpoint6，a ndashelteratpoint7.
16.Ifthevolunteerstartsatthesupermarketandnextistogototheshelter，thefirstintermediatepointhisrpute passesthroughmustbe
(A)2
(B)3
(C)5
(D)6
(E)7
17.If，startingfromhome，thevolunteernextistomakepickupsfortheshelteratthesupermarketandthebake ry(ineitherorder)，thefirsttwointermediatepointsonhisroute，beginningwiththefirst，mustbe
(A)1and2
(B)1and3
(C)2and1
(D)2and4
(E)4and2
18.If，startingfromtheclothingstore，thevolunteernextistopickupbreadateitherthesupermarketorthebak ery(whicheverstopmakeshisroutegothroughthefewestofthepoints)andthenistogototheshelter，thefirsttwopointshereachesaftertheclothingstore，beginningwiththefirst，m ustbe
(A)1and2
(B)1and3
(C)4and2
(D)6and2
(E)6and4
19.Ifthevolunteeristomakeatripstartingattheshelter，nextgoingtothebakeryforapickup，andthenending atthedistributioncenter，thefirsttwointermediatepointsonhisroute，beginningwiththefirst，canbe
(A)3and1
(B)3and4
(C)4and2
(D)6and2
(E)6and5
Question20——22
Adeveloperisplanningtobuildahousingcomplexonanemptytractofland.Exactlysevendifferentstylesofh ouses——Q，R，S，T，W，X，andZ——willbebuildinthecomplex.Thecomplexwillcontainseveralblocks，andthedeveloperplanstoputhousesofa tleastthreedifferentstylesoneachblock.Thedeveloperwillbuildthecomplexaccordingtothefollowingrule s：
AnyblockthathasstyleZonitmustalsohavestyleWonit.
AnyblockadjacenttoonethathasonitbothstyleSandstyleXmusthaveonit
styleTandstyleZ.
NoblockadjacenttoonethathasonitbothstyleRandstyleZcanhaveonit
eitherstyleTorstyleW.
NoblockcanhaveonitbothstyleSandstyleQ.
20.Whichofthefollowingcanbethecompleteselectionofhousestyleonablock?
(A)Q，R，S(B)Q，S，X(C)R，T，Z(D)S，W，Z(E)T，X，Z
21.Whichofthefollowingcanbethecompleteselectionofhousestyleonablock?
(A)Q(B)R(C)S(D)W(E)X
22.Whichofthefollowingcanbethecompleteselectionofhousestyleforablockthatisadjacenttoexactlyon eblock，ifthatoneblockhasonitstyleS，T，W，andXonly?
(A)S，T，andX(B)T，X，andZ(C)R，S，X，andZ(D)S，T，W，andX(E)T，W，X，andZ
23.Whenanosprey(afish-eatinghawk)returnafromfishingtoitsnestingareawithafishlikeanalewife，apollack，orasmelt，otherospreyswillretracei tsflightpathinhopesofgoodfishing.Thereisseldomsucharesponseifthefirstbirdbringsbackawinterfloun der.Yetospreysfeedonwinterflounderjustasreadyasodanyotherfish.
Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，contributesmosttoanexplanationofthefishingbehaviorofospreysasitisdesc ribedabove?
(A)Ospreysareseldomabletocatchalewives，pollack，orsmelt.
(B)Alewives，pollack，andsmaltmoveinschools，butwinterflounderdonot.
(C)Winterflounderprefershallowerwatersthandoalewives，pollack，orsmelt.
(D)Winterflounderpreferandpollackexhibitprotectivecoloration，butalewivesandsmeltdonot.
(E)Ospreysthatliveinnestingareaareespeciallysuccessfulfishers.
24.Arecentstudyofaninsurancecompany‘sunderwritersindicatethatthosewhoworkedinpleasantphysicalsurroundingswere25percentmorepro ductivethantheirpeersinunpleasantphysicalsurroundings.Objectivecriteriaforevaluatingjobperform anceincludedcaseloadandcomplexityofcases.Thisshowsthatimprovingworkers’enviromentsincreasesthoseworkers‘productivity.
Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，mostseriouslyweakenstheconclusionabove?
(A)Onaverage，less-productiveemployeesspendnofewerhoursperdayat theirworkstationsthandotheirmore-productivepeers.
(B)Unpleasantsurroundingsgiveemployeeslessmotivationtoworkhardthan morepleasantsurroundingsdo.
(C)Themore-productiveemployeesaregenerallyrewardedwithpleasantoffice space.
(D)More-productiveemployeesdonotworkanymorehoursthantheir less-productivepeers.
(E)Peerpressurediscouragesemployeesincrowed，unpleasantsurroundings frommakingphonecallstotheirownfamilymembersduringworktime.
25.Inacertaincountry，individualtendtochangetheirpoliticalaffiliationreadilyfromonepoliticalpartyto another.InthepasttheUnionpartygrewlargerbecauseofthistendency，butalthoughmostofthosewho changetoanewpartyaffiliationchangetotheUnionparty，theUnionpartyhasremainedaboutthesame sizeinrecentyears.
Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，besthelpstoexplainthechangeinthegrowthpatternoftheUnionpartymen tionedabove?
(A)Theeconomyhasbeenprosperingrecently，andmanyofthosewhochange partyaffiliationareupwardlymobileandproperous.
(B)Inrecentyeasthosewhowerepreviouslynonaffiliatedhavetendedtojoin theUnionpartyiftheyjoinedanypartyatall.
(C)Thepercentageofvoting-agecitizenswhochangepoliticalpartyaffiliation eachyearhasremainedconstant，andthenumberofvoting-agecitizens hasremainedthesame.
(D)Thepercentageofvoting-agecitizenswhoareaffiliatedwithanypolitical partyhasincreasedoverthelasttenyears.
(E)ManymembersoftheUnipnpartyhaveabandonedallpoliticalparty affiliationinrecentyears.
