Spring AOP使用拾掇:各种通知类型的介绍
Spring AOP使用整理:各种通知类型的介绍转载自:http://chenjumin.iteye.com/blog/364948?一、基础接口和类?
Spring AOP使用整理:各种通知类型的介绍
转载自:http://chenjumin.iteye.com/blog/364948
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一、基础接口和类
???? 1、Person接口的源码
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public interface Person {public void info();public void show(String message);}?
???? 2、PersonImpl类的源码
?public class PersonImpl implements Person {private String name;private int age;public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public void info() {System.out.println("\t我叫" + name + ",今年" + age + "岁。");}public void show(String message) {System.out.println(message);}}?
??? 3、bean的配置
?<!-- 目标对象 --><bean id="personTarget" value="Raymond.chen"/><property name="age" value="30"/></bean>?
二、Spring AOP支持的通知类型
???? 一)环绕通知(Around advice)
????????? 实现环绕通知需要实现org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor接口。
?????????????? 1、PersonAroundAdvice类的源码
?public class PersonAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {System.out.println("AroundAdvice:方法调用前");//不要忘记调用invocation的proceed方法哦Object result = invocation.proceed(); System.out.println("AroundAdvice:方法调用后");return result;}}?
?????????????? 2、bean配置
?<bean id="personAroundAdvice" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personAroundAdvice</value></list></property></bean>?
?????????????? 3、测试代码
?ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:com/cjm/aop/beans.xml");Person p = (Person)context.getBean("person"); //注意这里是代理工厂Bean的IDp.info();?
???? 二)前置通知(Before advice)
????????? 实现前置通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice接口。
?????????????? 1、PersonBeforeAdvice类的源码
?public class PersonBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {System.out.println("BeforeAdvice:方法调用前");}}?
?????????????? 2、bean配置
?<bean id="personBeforeAdvice" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personBeforeAdvice</value></list></property></bean>?
???? 三)返回后通知(After Returning advice)
????????? 实现返回后通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice接口。
?????????????? 1、PersonAfterReturningAdvice类的源码
?public class PersonAfterReturningAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {System.out.println("AfterReturningAdvice:方法调用后");}}?
?????????????? 2、bean配置
?<bean id="personAfterReturningAdvice" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personAfterReturningAdvice</value></list></property></bean>?
?????????????? 3、以上的配置中,通知对目标对象的所有方法都会起作用。如果需要过滤掉一部分方法,可以用正则表达式切入点配置器或者方法名匹配切入点配置器实现。
?<!-- 通知与正则表达式切入点一起配置 --><!-- Advisor等于切入点加通知 --><!-- 方法名匹配切入点配置器:org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor --><bean id="personPointcutAdvisor" ref="personAfterReturningAdvice"/><property name="patterns"><list><value>.*info.*</value></list></property></bean><bean id="person" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personPointcutAdvisor</value></list></property></bean>?
???? 四)异常通知(Throws advice)
????????? 当连接点抛出异常时,异常通知被调用。实现异常通知需要实现org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice接口,该接口不包含任何方法,但在实现该接口时必须实现如下形式的方法:
???????????????? afterThrowing([Method], [args], [target], Throwable subclass)
????????? 可以实现一个或多个这样的方法。在这些方法中,只有第四个参数是必需的,前三个参数可选。
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????????? 1、PersonThrowsAdvice类的源码
?public class PersonThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {public void afterThrowing(FileNotFoundException ex){System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> FileNotFoundException:" + ex.toString());}public void afterThrowing(Object[] args, Exception ex){System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> Exception:" + ex.getMessage());}public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, Throwable ex){System.out.println("ThrowsAdvice >> Throwable:" + ex.getMessage());}}?
??????????2、bean配置
?<bean id="personThrowsAdvice" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personThrowsAdvice</value></list></property></bean>?
???? 五)引入通知(Introduction advice)
?????????? 引入通知是一种特殊的通知,它能将新的成员变量、成员方法引入到目标类中。它不能作用于任何切入点,因为它只作用于类层次,而不是方法层次。实现引入通知需要实现IntroductionAdvisor和IntroductionInterceptor接口。
?????????? 引入通知不能调用proceed方法。Advisor必须针对每个实例,并且是有状态的。
?????????? 引入通知的效果类似于设计模式中的访问者模式(Visitor Pattern)。
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???????????1、Lockable接口的源码
?public interface Lockable {void lock();void unlock();boolean locked();}?
?????????? 2、LockableImpl类的源码
?public class LockableImpl extends DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor implements Lockable {private boolean locked;public void lock() {this.locked = true;}public void unlock() {this.locked = false;}public boolean locked() {return this.locked;}@Overridepublic Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {if(this.locked){throw new RuntimeException("加锁,无法执行");}//这里不能调用invocation的proceed方法//通常不需要改写invoke方法,直接调用父类的该方法即可return super.invoke(invocation);}}?
?????????? 3、PersonIntroductionAdvice类的源码
?public class PersonIntroductionAdvice extends DefaultIntroductionAdvisor {public PersonIntroductionAdvice(){super(new LockableImpl(), Lockable.class);}}?
?????????? 4、bean配置
?<!-- Advice必须针对每个实例,所以scope要设为prototype --><bean id="personIntroductionAdvice" scope="prototype"/><bean id="person" value="com.cjm.aop.Person"/><property name="target" ref="personTarget"/><property name="interceptorNames"><list><value>personIntroductionAdvice</value></list></property></bean>?
?????????? 5、测试代码
?ApplicationContext?context?=?new?FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:com/cjm/aop/beans.xml");????//获得目标bean的代理bean??Person?p?=?(Person)context.getBean("person");????//执行代理bean的方法,此时并未调用lock方法,可以执行??p.info();????Lockable?lockable?=?(Lockable)p;??lockable.lock();????//目标bean已被锁定,此处将抛出异常??p.info();??