Spring 事务配置的五种方式前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽
Spring 事务配置的五种方式
前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。
??? 总结如下：
??? Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
??? DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
??? 具体如下图：
??? 根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：
??? 第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
??? <bean id="sessionFactory"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">?
??????? <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/>?
??????? <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/>
??? </bean>?
??? <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
???
??? <!-- 配置DAO -->
??? <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
???
??? <bean id="userDao"?
??????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">?
?????????? <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->?
?????????? <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"?/>????
??????? <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget"?/>?
???????? <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"?/>
??????? <!-- 配置事务属性 -->?
??????? <property name="transactionAttributes">?
??????????? <props>?
??????????????? <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
??????????? </props>?
??????? </property>?
??? </bean>?
</beans>
??? 第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
??? <bean id="sessionFactory"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">?
??????? <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/>?
??????? <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/>
??? </bean>?
??? <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
???
??? <bean id="transactionBase"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"?
??????????? lazy-init="true" abstract="true">?
??????? <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->?
??????? <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"?/>?
??????? <!-- 配置事务属性 -->?
??????? <property name="transactionAttributes">?
??????????? <props>?
??????????????? <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>?
??????????? </props>?
??????? </property>?
??? </bean>???
??
??? <!-- 配置DAO -->
??? <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
???
??? <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase"?>?
??????? <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget"?/>??
??? </bean>
</beans>
第三种方式：使用拦截器
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
??? <bean id="sessionFactory"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">?
??????? <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/>?
??????? <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/>
??? </bean>?
??? <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>?
??
??? <bean id="transactionInterceptor"?
??????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">?
??????? <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"?/>?
??????? <!-- 配置事务属性 -->?
??????? <property name="transactionAttributes">?
??????????? <props>?
??????????????? <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>?
??????????? </props>?
??????? </property>?
??? </bean>
?????
??? <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">?
??????? <property name="beanNames">?
??????????? <list>?
??????????????? <value>*Dao</value>
??????????? </list>?
??????? </property>?
??????? <property name="interceptorNames">?
??????????? <list>?
??????????????? <value>transactionInterceptor</value>?
??????????? </list>?
??????? </property>?
??? </bean>?
?
??? <!-- 配置DAO -->
??? <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
</beans>
第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
??? <context:annotation-config />
??? <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky"?/>
??? <bean id="sessionFactory"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">?
??????? <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/>?
??????? <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/>
??? </bean>?
??? <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
??? <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
??????? <tx:attributes>
??????????? <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"?/>
??????? </tx:attributes>
??? </tx:advice>
???
??? <aop:config>
??????? <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
??????????? expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"?/>
??????? <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
??????????? pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts"?/>???????
??? </aop:config>?????
</beans>
第五种方式：全注解
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />-->
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
??? <context:annotation-config />
??? <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky"?/>
??? <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
??? <bean id="sessionFactory"?
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">?
??????? <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/>?
??????? <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/>
??? </bean>?
??? <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
??????? <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"?/>
??? </bean>
???
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：
<!-- <br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />-->package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public?class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
??? public List<User> listUsers() {
??????? return?this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
??? }
???
???
}
?
