行转列数据合并问题
本帖最后由 smilewmr 于 2013-08-27 14:53:40 编辑 原始表格内容：
XBBH ZBDJBH ONE TWO GUANCI
172753 HNT00010163 616 255 配比
172754 HNT00010163 643 278 第1罐
172755 HNT00010163 616 255 配比
172756 HNT00010163 604 292 第2罐
172757 HNT00010163 1247 570 累计值
172758 HNT00010163 1.22 11.76 总误差%
现需要表格内容：
ZBDJBH ONE配1 ONE1罐 ONE配2 ONE2罐 ONE累 ONE总误 TWO配1 TWO1罐 TWO配2 TWO2罐 TWO累 TWO总误
HNT00010163 616 643 616 604 1247 1.22 255 278 255 292 570 11.76
说明：
在原始表中，有多个列，从one到ten，举例只写出了两个列的内容。这个如何将多列转换为1行呢？望大侠们指点指点！
在此谢啦！ 行转列????数据合并
[解决办法]
动态SQL语句
[解决办法]
--行列互转
--摘自中国风博客，引用请标明内容来源
--1、行换列
if object_id('Class') is not null
drop table Class
Go
Create table Class(
[Student] nvarchar(2),
[Course] nvarchar(2),
[Score] int)
Insert Class
select N'张三',N'语文',78 union all
select N'张三',N'数学',87 union all
select N'张三',N'英语',82 union all
select N'张三',N'物理',90 union all
select N'李四',N'语文',65 union all
select N'李四',N'数学',77 union all
select N'李四',N'英语',65 union all
select N'李四',N'物理',85
Go
--2000方法:
--动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='
+quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'
from
Class group by[Course]
--select @s
exec('select [Student]'+@s+' from Class group by [Student]')
--生成静态:
select
[Student],
[数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
[物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
[英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
[语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end)
from
Class
group by [Student]
GO
--动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course]
select @s
exec('select * from Class pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')
--生成静态:
select *
from
Class
pivot
(max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b
--生成格式:
/*
Student 数学 物理 英语 语文
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四 77 85 65 65
张三 87 90 82 78
(2 行受影响)
*/
go
--加上总成绩(学科平均分)
--2000方法:
--动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+'then [Score] else 0 end)'
from Class group by[Course]
exec('select [Student]'+@s+',[总成绩]=sum([Score]) from Class group by [Student]')--加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))
生成动态:
select
[Student],
[数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
[物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
[英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
[语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end),
[总成绩]=([Score]) --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))
from
Class
group by [Student]
go
--2005方法:
动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course]
--isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号
exec('select [Student],'+@s+',[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a
pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b ')
--生成静态:
select
[Student],[数学],[物理],[英语],[语文],[总成绩]
from
(select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a --平均分时用avg([Score])
pivot
(max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b
生成格式:
/*
Student 数学 物理 英语 语文 总成绩
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四 77 85 65 65 292
张三 87 90 82 78 337
(2 行受影响)
*/
go
--2、列转行
if not object_id('Class') is null
drop table Class
Go
Create table Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[数学] int,[物理] int,[英语] int,[语文] int)
Insert Class
select N'李四',77,85,65,65 union all
select N'张三',87,90,82,78
Go
--2000:
动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
select @s=isnull(@s+' union all ','')+'select [Student],[Course]='+quotename(Name,'''')--isnull(@s+' union all ','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个union all
+',[Score]='+quotename(Name)+' from Class'
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student')--排除不转换的列
order by Colid
exec('select * from ('+@s+')t order by [Student],[Course]')--增加一个排序
生成静态:
select *
from (select [Student],[Course]='数学',[Score]=[数学] from Class union all
select [Student],[Course]='物理',[Score]=[物理] from Class union all
select [Student],[Course]='英语',[Score]=[英语] from Class union all
select [Student],[Course]='语文',[Score]=[语文] from Class)t
order by [Student],[Course]
go
--2005:
动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename(Name)
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student')
order by Colid
exec('select Student,[Course],[Score] from Class unpivot ([Score] for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')
go
select
Student,[Course],[Score]
from
Class
unpivot
([Score] for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b
生成格式:
/*
Student Course Score
------- ------- -----------
李四 数学 77
李四 物理 85
李四 英语 65
李四 语文 65
张三 数学 87
张三 物理 90
张三 英语 82
张三 语文 78
*/
原理是一样的，列多了就多写点
create table #tb(XBBH int,ZBDJBH varchar(20),
ONE numeric(12,2),TWO numeric(12,2),GUANCI varchar(10))
insert into #tb
select 172753,'HNT00010163',616,255,'配比'
union all select 172754,'HNT00010163',643,278,'第1罐'
union all select 172755,'HNT00010163',616,255,'配比'
union all select 172756,'HNT00010163',604,292,'第2罐'
union all select 172757,'HNT00010163',1247,570,'累计值'
union all select 172758,'HNT00010163',1.22,11.76,'总误差%'
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql=''
select @sql=@sql + ',[ONE'+rtrim(GUANCI)+']=max(case GUANCI when '''+rtrim(GUANCI)+''' then ONE end)'
from #tb group by GUANCI
select @sql=@sql + ',[TWO'+rtrim(GUANCI)+']=max(case GUANCI when '''+rtrim(GUANCI)+''' then TWO end)'
from #tb group by GUANCI
exec('select ZBDJBH'+@sql+'from #tb group by ZBDJBH' )
drop table #tb
/*
ZBDJBHONE第1罐ONE第2罐ONE累计值ONE配比ONE总误差%TWO第1罐TWO第2罐TWO累计值TWO配比TWO总误差%
HNT00010163643.00604.001247.00616.001.22278.00292.00570.00255.0011.76
*/
if OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#temp', 'u') is not null drop table #temp;
go
create table #temp( [XBBH] varchar(100), [ZBDJBH] varchar(100), [ONE] varchar(100), [TWO] varchar(100), [GUANCI] varchar(100));
insert #temp
select '172753','HNT00010163','616','255','配比' union all
select '172754','HNT00010163','643','278','第1罐' union all
select '172755','HNT00010163','616','255','配比' union all
select '172756','HNT00010163','604','292','第2罐' union all
select '172757','HNT00010163','1247','570','累计值' union all
select '172758','HNT00010163','1.22','11.76','总误差%'
--SQL
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX), @colList NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @colList = STUFF((
SELECT ','+QUOTENAME(guanci+(CASE WHEN rowid > 1 THEN LTRIM(rowid) ELSE '' END))
FROM
(
SELECT rowid = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY zbdjbh, guanci ORDER BY GETDATE()), * FROM
(
select zbdjbh,one,guanci='one'+guanci from #temp
UNION ALL
select zbdjbh,two,guanci='two'+guanci from #temp
--这儿把剩下8个补全
) x
) t
FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'')
SET @sql = N'
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT zbdjbh,one,guanci=guanci+(CASE WHEN rowid > 1 THEN LTRIM(rowid) ELSE '''' END)
FROM
(
SELECT rowid = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY zbdjbh, guanci ORDER BY GETDATE()), * FROM
(
select zbdjbh,one,guanci=''one''+guanci from #temp
UNION ALL
select zbdjbh,two,guanci=''two''+guanci from #temp
--这儿把剩下8个补全
) x
) t
) y
PIVOT
(
MAX(one) FOR guanci IN('+ @colList +')
) M
'
PRINT @sql
EXEC(@sql)
/*
zbdjbhone第1罐one第2罐one累计值one配比one配比2one总误差%two第1罐two第2罐two累计值two配比two配比2two总误差%
HNT0001016364360412476166161.2227829257025525511.76
*/