Ruby简单介绍整理
最近在看《七周七语言》，适当了解一些C语言家族以外的编程语言也很有意思，下面记录一下各个语言的语法特点。
一，irb打开Ruby的交互命令行
> language = 'ruby'=> "ruby"> puts 'hello, #{language}'hello, #{language} #单引号之间变量不被替换> puts "hello, #{language}"hello, ruby二，条件判断可以放在语句后面
> puts 'This appears to be true.' if language == 'ruby'This appears to be true.=> nil> puts 'This appears to be true.' unless language == 'ruby'=> nil> x += 1 while x < 10> x -= 1 until x == 1
三，数组/散列表
> arr = []=> []> arr[1] = 3=> 3> arr[2] = {"name"=>"A","hobby"=>"B"}=> {"name"=>"A", "hobby"=>"B"}> arr=> [nil, 3, {"name"=>"A", "hobby"=>"B"}] #第一个元素为nil#数组简单操作如下> arr.each {|a| puts a} #代码块方式遍历数组3{"name"=>"A", "hobby"=>"B"}=> [nil, 3, {"name"=>"A", "hobby"=>"B"}]> a = [5,3,2,4,1]=> [5, 3, 2, 4, 1]> a.sort=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]> a.any? {|i| i > 6}=> false> a.any? {|i| i > 4}=> true> a.all? {|i| i > 4}=> false> a.collect {|i| i * 2}=> [10, 6, 4, 8, 2]> a.select {|i| i % 2 == 0}=> [2, 4]> a.max=> 5> a.member?(3)=> true> a << 6=> [5, 3, 2, 4, 1, 6]#散列有如下两种使用方法> hash_table1 = {'name' => 'ciaos', 'age' => 3}=> {"name"=>"ciaos", "age"=>3}> hash_table1["name"]=> "ciaos"> hash_table2 = {:name => "ciaos", :age => 3}=> {:name=>"ciaos", :age=>3}> hash_table2[:name]=> "ciaos"#散列作为函数参数传递> def test(para = {})> puts para> end> test{}=> nil> test :para1 => "OK", :para2=> :Right, "para3" => nil{:para1=>"OK", :para2=>:Right, "para3"=>nil}=> nil四，类简单使用方法
> class Person> attr_accessor :name, :age> def initialize(name, age)> @name = name> @age = age> end> def say()> puts name + " " + age.to_s> end> end> p = Person.new("ciaos",25)=> #<Person:0x00000000c76aa0 @name="ciaos", @age=25>> p.sayciaos 25=> nil五，其他知识点
1，method_missing类似php的__call函数，当找不到方法时会出发此函数
2，通过继承或者编写模块拓展功能
> class Car> ...> end> class Toyota < Car> end> module Tool> ...> end> class Toyota> include Tool> end
总结：
1，不错的脚本语言，结合rails适合web开发
2，并发上性能存在瓶颈
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