POI操作Excel常用方法总结 .
一、 POI简介
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库，POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。
二、 HSSF概况
HSSF 是Horrible SpreadSheet Format的缩写，通过HSSF，你可以用纯Java代码来读取、写入、修改Excel文件。HSSF 为读取操作提供了两类API：usermodel和eventusermodel，即“用户模型”和“事件-用户模型”。
三、 POI EXCEL文档结构类
HSSFWorkbook excel文档对象
HSSFSheet excel的sheet HSSFRow excel的行
HSSFCell excel的单元格 HSSFFont excel字体
HSSFName 名称 HSSFDataFormat 日期格式
HSSFHeader sheet头
HSSFFooter sheet尾
HSSFCellStyle cell样式
HSSFDateUtil 日期
HSSFPrintSetup 打印
HSSFErrorConstants 错误信息表
四、 EXCEL常用操作方法
1、 得到Excel常用对象
POIFSFileSystem fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:/test.xls")); //得到Excel工作簿对象 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); //得到Excel工作表对象 HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); //得到Excel工作表的行 HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i); //得到Excel工作表指定行的单元格 HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) j); cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();//得到单元格样式 POIFSFileSystem fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:/test.xls")); //得到Excel工作簿对象 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);//得到Excel工作表对象 HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); //得到Excel工作表的行 HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);//得到Excel工作表指定行的单元格 HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) j);cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();//得到单元格样式HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//创建Excel工作簿对象 HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");//创建Excel工作表对象 HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0); //创建Excel工作表的行 cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//创建单元格样式 row.createCell((short)0).setCellStyle(cellStyle); //创建Excel工作表指定行的单元格 row.createCell((short)0).setCellValue(1); //设置Excel工作表的值 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//创建Excel工作簿对象HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");//创建Excel工作表对象 HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0); //创建Excel工作表的行cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//创建单元格样式row.createCell((short)0).setCellStyle(cellStyle); //创建Excel工作表指定行的单元格row.createCell((short)0).setCellValue(1); //设置Excel工作表的值wb.setSheetName(1, "第一张工作表",HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16); cell.setEncoding((short) 1); cell.setCellValue("单元格内容"); wb.setSheetName(1, "第一张工作表",HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16); cell.setEncoding((short) 1); cell.setCellValue("单元格内容"); wb.getNumberOfSheets() wb.getNumberOfSheets()
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum(); int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum();
row.getLastCellNum(); row.getLastCellNum();
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); //设置单元格为STRING类型 cell.getNumericCellValue();//读取为数值类型的单元格内容 cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); //设置单元格为STRING类型cell.getNumericCellValue();//读取为数值类型的单元格内容
sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width); row.setHeight((short)height); sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width); row.setHeight((short)height);
Region region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo ,(short)columnTo);//合并从第rowFrom行columnFrom列 sheet.addMergedRegion(region);// 到rowTo行columnTo的区域 //得到所有区域 sheet.getNumMergedRegions() Region region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo,(short)columnTo);//合并从第rowFrom行columnFrom列sheet.addMergedRegion(region);// 到rowTo行columnTo的区域 //得到所有区域 sheet.getNumMergedRegions()
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(path); wb.write(fileOut); FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(path); wb.write(fileOut);
public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) { String cellValue = ""; switch (cell.getCellType()) { case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING://字符串类型 cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0) cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //数值类型 cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式 cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC); cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: break; default: break; } return cellValue; } public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) { String cellValue = ""; switch (cell.getCellType()) { case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING://字符串类型 cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0) cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //数值类型 cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式 cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC); cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: break; default: break; } return cellValue; } HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//下边框 style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//左边框 style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框 style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框 HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//下边框 style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//左边框 style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框 style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
HSSFFont f = wb.createFont(); f.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字号 f.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗 style.setFont(f); style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat(); style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//设置单元格数据格式 cell.setCellFormula(string);//给单元格设公式 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 HSSFFont f = wb.createFont(); f.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字号 f.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗 style.setFont(f); style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat(); style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//设置单元格数据格式 cell.setCellFormula(string);//给单元格设公式 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 //先把读进来的图片放到一个ByteArrayOutputStream中，以便产生ByteArray ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); BufferedImage bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("ok.jpg")); ImageIO.write(bufferImg,"jpg",byteArrayOut); //读进一个excel模版 FileInputStream fos = new FileInputStream(filePathName+"/stencil.xlt"); fs = new POIFSFileSystem(fos); //创建一个工作薄 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10); patriarch.createPicture(anchor , wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(),HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG)); //先把读进来的图片放到一个ByteArrayOutputStream中，以便产生ByteArray ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); BufferedImage bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("ok.jpg")); ImageIO.write(bufferImg,"jpg",byteArrayOut); //读进一个excel模版 FileInputStream fos = new FileInputStream(filePathName+"/stencil.xlt"); fs = new POIFSFileSystem(fos); //创建一个工作薄 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10); patriarch.createPicture(anchor , wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(),HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG)); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup(); sheet.setAutobreaks(true); ps.setFitHeight((short)1); ps.setFitWidth((short)1); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup(); sheet.setAutobreaks(true); ps.setFitHeight((short)1); ps.setFitWidth((short)1); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1"); wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2"); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1"); wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2"); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter() footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() ); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter() footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() ); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet. // Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5) sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet. // Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5) sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); heet.setSelected(true); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); heet.setSelected(true); HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); sheet1.setZoom(1,2); // 50 percent magnification HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); sheet1.setZoom(1,2); // 50 percent magnification HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader(); header.setCenter("Center Header"); header.setLeft("Left Header"); header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") + HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16"); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader(); header.setCenter("Center Header"); header.setLeft("Left Header"); header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") + HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); HSSFFont font = wb.createFont(); font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index); style.setFont(font); cell.setCellStyle(style); HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); HSSFFont font = wb.createFont(); font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index); style.setFont(font); cell.setCellStyle(style);
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS); HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1); cell.setCellValue("X"); style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); cell.setCellStyle(style); HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS); HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1); cell.setCellValue("X"); style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); cell.setCellStyle(style); HSSFFormulaEvaluator eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); private static void updateFormula(Workbook wb,Sheet s,int row){ Row r=s.getRow(row); Cell c=null; FormulaEcaluator eval=null; if(wb instanceof HSSFWorkbook) eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); else if(wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook) eval=new XSSFFormulaEvaluator((XSSFWorkbook) wb); for(int i=r.getFirstCellNum();i<r.getLastCellNum();i++){ c=r.getCell(i); if(c.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) eval.evaluateFormulaCell(c); } } HSSFFormulaEvaluator eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); private static void updateFormula(Workbook wb,Sheet s,int row){ Row r=s.getRow(row); Cell c=null; FormulaEcaluator eval=null; if(wb instanceof HSSFWorkbook) eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); else if(wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook) eval=new XSSFFormulaEvaluator((XSSFWorkbook) wb); for(int i=r.getFirstCellNum();i<r.getLastCellNum();i++){ c=r.getCell(i); if(c.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) eval.evaluateFormulaCell(c); } }