接口的使用——工厂方法设计模式
接口是实现多重继承的途径,而生成遵循某个接口的对象的典型方式就是工厂方法设计模式,这与直接调用构造器不同,我们在工厂对象(Factories)上调用的是创建方法,而该工厂对象将生成接口实现的对象(ServiceFactory fact)。理论上,通过这种方式,我们的代码将完全与接口的实现分离,使得我们可以透明地将某个实现替换成另一个实现。
interface Service{
void method1();
void method2();
}
interface ServiceFactory{
Service getService();
}
class Implementation1 implements Service{
Implementation1() {}
public void method1(){ System.out.print("Implementation1 method1\n"); }
public void method2(){ System.out.print("Implementation1 method2\n"); }
}
class Implementation1Factory implements ServiceFactory{
public Service getService(){ return new Implementation1(); }
}
class Implementation2 implements Service{
Implementation2(){}
public void method1(){ System.out.print("Implementation2 method1\n"); }
public void method2(){ System.out.print("Implementation2 method2\n"); }
}
class Implementation2Factory implements ServiceFactory{
public Service getService(){ return new Implementation2(); }
}
public class Factories {
public static void serviceConsumer(ServiceFactory fact){
Service s=fact.getService();
s.method1();
s.method2();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
serviceConsumer(new Implementation1Factory());
serviceConsumer(new Implementation2Factory());
}
}